GAS CCUS IN MEXICO Abigail González Díaz José Miguel González-Santaló Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) Mexico
Gas CCS Meeting Brighton, UK June 25, 2014
1. Why CCS and CO2 for EOR in Mexico? • Growth in electricity production • Electricity generation • Natural gas and oil production • CO2-EOR Potential
2. Current status of CO2-EOR in PEMEX-CFE 3. Future plant on CCUS
Outline
MAIN SOURCES OF INFORMATION
1. Estrategia Nacional de Energía 2013-2027 Prospectiva del Sector Eléctrico 2013-2027 Secretaría de Energía, México www.sener.gob.mx/portal/publicaciones.html
2. R. Lacy et al. Initial assessment of the potential for future CCUS with EOR projects in Mexico using CO2 captured from fossil fuel industrial plants, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 19 (2013) 212–219
3. Fernando Rodríguez de la Garza, CO2 – EOR program in Mexico, Gas networking meeting , Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico 11-12 February 2014
The two major energy companies in Mexico are state owned 1. The Mexican oil company Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) is
the second most profitable company in Latin America 2. The Utility Company Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE) Mexican oil has been controlled exclusively by the state-owned Pemex for more than 75 years MEXICO OPENS UP ITS ENERGY MARKETS On December 12, 2013, Mexican legislators approved controversial reforms to the country’s energy sector
Why CCS and CO2 for EOR?
• Fast growth. Installed capacity of 62 GW in 2009, 113 GW in
2028 • Natural gas is and will be the dominant energy source in 2028 • The oil industry will require large amounts of CO2 for EOR
Mexico ‘s mitigation target “reduce GHG emissions by 50% below 2002 levels by 2050”
Growth in electricity production
Values in TW-hr
Electricity generation 2012-2028
2/ Nueva generación limpia (NGL): Nuclear, carboeléctrica o ciclo combinado con captura y confinamiento de CO2, o renovable
2012real 60,459 MW
2028 113,708 MW
POISE 2014-2028
Geotermoeléctrica1.3%
Ciclo combinado31.2%
Termoeléctrica convencional
19.7%Turbogás
5.6%
Combustión interna0.5%
Eoloeléctrica1.8%
Hidroeléctrica19.3%
Carboeléctrica8.9%
Nucleoeléctrica2.7%Solar
0.0% Coque0.9%Biomasa
0.1%
Autoabastecimiento local7.9%
Geotermoeléctrica1.0%
Ciclo combinado45.2%
Termoeléctrica convencional
1.7% Turbogás1.9%
Combustión interna0.3% Eoloeléctrica
10.9%
Hidroeléctrica13.8%
Carboeléctrica4.2%
Nucleoeléctrica1.2%
Solar1.6%
NGL11.5%
Coque0.8%
Biomasa0.3%
Autoabastecimiento local5.5%
2/
In 2013 . In construction Total: 3,522 MW → NGCC 1,934 MW Capacity authorized for public service Total: 9,679 MW → NGCC 7,283 MW Aditional capacity between 2016 – 2022 Total: 14,795 MW → NGCC 10,704 MW Aditional capacity between 2023 – 2028 Total: 26,955 MW1 → NGCC 11,013 MW
POISE 2014-2028
Total: 3,522 MW
Centrales terminadas y en proceso de construcción, en 2013. Servicio público
1/ Agua Prieta II (operación de una TG en ciclo abierto 134 MW) en Julio de 2014
MW
1,934
3,522
Ciclo combinado
Total
Eoloeléctrica 103
Geotermoeléctrica 107
Combustión interna 58.6
Turbogás-cogeneración 521
Termosolar 14
Baja California II TG Fase I (139 MW)
Guerrero Negro III (12 MW)
Baja California Sur IV
(Coromuel) (44 MW)
Humeros II Fases A y B (2x27 MW )
Salamanca Fase I (382 MW )
Azufres III Fase I (53 MW)
Sureste I Fase II (103 MW)
Centro (658 MW)
Termosolar Agua Prieta II (14 MW)
Agua Prieta II 1/ (404 MW)
Piloto Solar (5 MW)
Norte II (Chihuahua) (445 MW)
Santa Rosalía (2.6 MW)
Aura Solar (30 MW)
La Yesca U1 y U2 (750 MW)
Manzanillo I rep U2 (427 MW)
Solar 35
Hidroeléctrica 750
4. POISE 2014-2028
Total: 9,679 MW
capacidad en licitación autorizada y condicionada para Servicio Público
Hidroeléctrica
Ciclo combinado
Turbogás
Geotermoeléctrica
Total
MW
480
7,283
86
29
9,679
Eoloeléctrica 1,688
Combustión interna 109
Las Cruces (240 MW
(203 MW) Sureste I Fase I
Solar 4
Rumorosa
(3x100 MW) I,II y III
Santa Rosalía Ciclo binario (2 MW)
Santa Rosalía (FV) (4 MW)
Santa Rosalía II (15 MW) Noroeste y Topolobampo III
(847 y 700 MW)
(2 x 735 MW) Guaymas II y III
(43 MW) Baja California Sur VI
La Paz (117 MW)
Noreste (Escobedo) (1,034 MW)
Lerdo (Norte IV) (990 MW)
Valle de México II (601MW)
Chicoasén II (240 MW)
(1,185 MW) Surestes II, III IV V
Baja California II (276 MW)
Baja California II TG Fase II (86 MW) Norte III (Juárez) (954 MW)
(43 MW)
Baja California Sur V (Coromuel)
Guerrero Negro IV (8 MW)
Baja California III (La Jovita)
(294 MW)
Humeros III (Fase A) (27 MW)
4. POISE 2014-2028
1/ Las cifras están redondeadas a números enteros, por lo que los totales podrían no corresponder exactamente 2/ No incluidos en el mapa
Total: 14,795 MW1/
Hidroeléctrica
Ciclo combinado
Solar 2/
Turbogás
Geotermoeléctrica Total
MW
1,133
10,704
790
432
135 14,7951/
Manzanillo II rep. U1 y U2
(2 x460 MW)
Francisco Villa (Norte V) (958 MW)
Todos Santos (137 MW)
Central Tula (1,162 MW )
Angostura II
Eoloeléctrica 1,600
Mexicali I (27 MW)
La Parota U1 y U2 (455 MW)
Mérida (526 MW)
Tamaulipas (3 x 200 y 300 MW)
(136 MW)
I, II, III y IV
Aguascalientes (872 MW)
(1,088 MW) Monterrey IV
Centro II (660 MW )
Baja California IV (SLRC) 522 MW
San Luis Potosí (862 MW)
Guadalajara I (908 MW)
Mazatlán (867 MW)
Eólica I (200 MW)
Cerritos Colorados Fase I y II (2x27 MW)
Paso de la Reina (543 MW)
Mérida TG (169 MW)
Eólica II (200 MW)
Los Cabos I TG (94 MW)
Salamanca 680 MW Valladolid IV
(542 MW)
Coahuila I y II (300 MW)
Azufres III Fase II
(27MW) Humeros III Fase B
(27 MW)
Cancún TG (169 MW)
capacidad requerida adicional Servicio público 2016 – 2022
4. POISE 2014-2028
1/ Las cifras están redondeadas a números enteros, por lo que los totales podrían no corresponder exactamente
Total: 26,955 MW1/
Hidroeléctrica
Ciclo Combinado
Nueva Generación limpia
Total
MW
1,180
11,013
12,775
26,955 1/
Eoloeléctrica 1,200
Turbogás 94
Noroeste II y IV (2X1400 MW)
Valladolid V (542 MW)
Baja California VI (Ensenada)
Pacífico II y III (1x700 MW)
Oriental l, II, III, IV, IX Y X (3x1225 MW)
(565 MW)
Salamanca II (680 MW)
Mérida V (540 MW)
Norte VI y VII (Chih.) (2x968 MW)
Valle de México III (601 MW) Tenosique
(422 MW)
Central II (Tula) (1,162 MW)
Baja California V (Mexicali) (522 MW)
Todos Santos II (123 MW)
Sistema Pescados (La Antigua) (121 MW)
Xúchiles (54 MW)
La Paz II (117 MW)
Tamazunchale II y III (2x1,121MW)
Omitlán (231 MW)
Madera (352 MW)
Todos Santos III (123 MW)
Occidental I y II (1400MW)
Los Cabos II TG (94 MW)
Cd. Constitución
(137 MW)
Eólica III, VI,
(4X200 MW)
Santa Rosalía III (11 MW)
Solar 600
Solar V (100 MW)
Geotermoeléctrica 81
Cerritos Colorados Fase III (27 MW)
Sabinas I y II (2X700 MW)
Eólica IV (200 MW)
Solar VI (100 MW)
San Luis Potosi II (862 MW)
Eólica V (200 MW)
Geotermoeléctrica I y II (2X27 MW)
Solar VII (100 MW)
(1x1400 MW)
Solar VIII (100 MW)
Solar X (100 MW)
Aguascalientes II
(872MW)
VII y VIII
Combustión Interna 11
Oriental V y VI (1400 MW)
Solar IX (100 MW)
capacidad requerida adicional Servicio público (2023 – 2028)
4. POISE 2014-2028
EOR IN OIL PRODUCTION
Mill
ions
of b
arre
ls p
er d
ay EOR
Oil production
The world's largest nitrogen-injection EOR project, led by PEMEX in Cantarrell
GAS PRODUCTION IN ENE. INCLUDES SHALE GAS bc
f Natural gas production (bcf)
EOR
• 600 trillion cubic feet of shale gas. Ranks 6th largest in the world • 13 billion barrels of recoverable shale oil resources . Ranks 8th largest in the world. http://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Mexico-Shale-Gas-Industry-and-Energy-
Reform.html
LOCATION OF SHALE GAS RESERVES IN MEXICO Localization of Shale gas in Mexico
1. The large Mexican oil fields, that are candidates for EOR, is expected to need up 50 million tons of CO2 per year
2. The largest emitter region of CO2 (20.1 million tons per year)
CO2-EOR Potential
The Gulf of Mexico is
R. Lacy et al. / International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 19 (2013) 212–219
CO2 sources in the Gulf of Mexico 2013
R. Lacy et al. / International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 19 (2013) 212–219
It is to increase oil production by CO2-EOR from 659 to 1,758 MMB
CO2-EOR Potential
Potential CO2 - EOR
Anthropogenic sources of CO2 Federal comission of Electricity
Natural sources of CO2
Quebrache (260 MMSCFD / 13 MTonne/D)
Ogarrio
Coyotes San Andrés
Carmito
Cosoleacaque: CPQC (80 MMSCFD / 4 MTonne/D)
CFE Tuxpan (390 MMSCFD / 19.5 MTonne/D)
Tres Hermanos (5 MMSCFD / 250 Tonne/D)
Maloob
Copy right by Fernando Rodríguez de la Garza, CO2 – EOR program in Mexico, Gas networking meeting , Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico 11-12 February 2014
CO2 can be capture from Tuxpan power station to inject on Chicontepec fields. Pilot testing will be necessary in order to confirm oil recovery using CO2
19
• In 2008 CFE started several actions related to CCS • 2009 CFE contracted to the Mario Molina Center and IIE to
do preliminary studies for a demostrative CO2 capture plant • 2010 a pilot test of CO2 continuous injection was performed
in the Coyotes field • In 2012 the Mexican Congress approved the General Climate
Change Law to reduce greenhouse gas emissions One of its strategies to reach this objective is the application
of CCS on fossil fuel power plants and in the oil industry for EOR
Current status of CO2-EOR in PEMEX-CFE
Future plans on CCUS CCS project funded by The global CCS institute and U.S. DOE 2014 • Workshop on storage in Mexico City IPN in August- Focus on Burgos and Sabinas
basins. Geologists from industry and academy • Workshop in Mexico City CFE in September –Students including chemists &
engineers from industry, academia and research institutions • Workshop Hermosillo CFE and will be directed at undergraduate students in the
earth sciences area IEAGHG Summer school 2016 will be hosted by IIE Cuernavaca Morelos CCUS-EOR project of PEMEX funded by Mexican government (start 2015
a period of 3 years) • Design and implement a CO2-EOR pilot test at the Cinco Presidentes field by using
the high purity CO2 to be captured in the ammonia plants in Petrochemical Center of Cosoleacaque, CPQC.
• Full scale CO2-EOR implementation in the selected field will allow for elimination of current CO2 emissions from CPQC, of about 100-120 MMSCFD.
• ( 5,000 a 6,000 ton/d)
• It is expected that 60-70% of the injected CO2 will remain sequestered in the reservoir. It will be confirmed by the pilot results
Long term SENER- SEMARNAT before 2018 (SENER, Enero 2014, SEMARNAT) • Pilot plant 50 MW to provide 5 MMSCF/d CO2 for a EOR project • Demostration plant 250 MW to provide 25 MMSCF/d CO2 for EOR
project in a big reservoir CCS SENER – WORLD BANK Pilot plant 2 MW in Poza Rica Veracruz
• SENER-PEMEX-CFE–SEMARNAT: Currently defining the
Technology Route Map for CCUS-EOR of Mexico. Implementation will start later in 2014.
Future plan on CCUS
•CCS in NGCC will be needed due to the large participation of this technology in Power Generation
•There are several projects in CCS that are being promoted and carried out
•PEMEX will need CO2 for its EOR projects that exceeds the natural sources available
•PEMEX needs to assess the effectiveness of CO2 EOR in the Mexican oil fields
•Resources are limited and are slowing down some projects •EOR is one on the main drivers for CCS in Mexico because
CO2 for EOR provides a positive immediate economic benefit, as well as helping to mitigate long-term environmental impacts.
Conclusions