GÉANT and The Future of Pan-European Networking

APAN, 4th July 2004

John BolandCEO HEAnet

Member of DANTE Board of Directors

Outline of Presentation

• HEAnet as European NREN• GN2 – Proposing the Next Generation

of European Networking– Financial Background

– Capacity

– Wavelengths & Fibre options

• Major Joint Research Topics• Application Example

Trends since 1991

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

Rat

io t

o 1

991

valu

e

Traffic

Hosts

Access b/w

External b/w

GENERALINTERNET

INEX

Belfast

CitywestDublinGalway

Limerick

Cork

TEN-155

INTERNET 2

RESEARCHCOMMUNITIES

GENERALINTERNET

INEX

Belfast

CitywestDublinGalway

Limerick

Cork

JANET London

Frankfurt

GÉANT

London

Frankfurt

GÉANT

INEX

Belfast

CitywestDublinGalway

Limerick

Cork

LondonLondon

FrankfurtFrankfurt

INTERNET 2

RESEARCHCOMMUNITIES

GENERAL INTERNET

Traffic, IPv6

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Q1/2003 Q2/2003 Q3/2003 Q4/2003

Tera

byt

es/q

uar

ter

Total internal in

Total internal out

GÉANT Topology April 2004

Basic Issues in GN2 Project

• Financial Arrangements• Capacity• Wavelengths & Fibre Questions• Research Activities

GÉANT

GÉANT:One element of a strategy

GRIDS

IPv6,Optical,...

All research disciplines

Very demanding communities

Research on networking

Tech

nolo

gy

Advanced

Experimental

Disruptive emerging

next generatio

n Internet

Financial Arrangements

• EC support for Geant successor• Integrated Project

– Network Infrastructure– Developmental Elements

• Funded by the NRENS and the EC• Framework Programme 6 (FP6)

Extending the Range of Connections

• Initiatives to improve connectivity with other world regions -–Principally Mediterranean, South America and Asia Pacific

• Global Connectivity for joint network experimentation

• E.g. Russia will be upgraded from current 622Mbps to 2.5Gbps to Moscow

EC & NREN funded

• 186 MEuro over 4 years–Starting end 2004

• 93 Meuro available from EC• 93 MEuro payable by NRENs

–assuming 50% co-funding–Subscriptions are based on Bandwidth contracted for

Example Subscription

• E.g. under Geant /GN-1 HEAnet pays approx 900KEuro for dual 2.5Gbps , linked to London and Frankfurt

• Subscriptions range from ca. 1.5MEuro to 4MEuro in non competitively developed regions

• Currently Geant international 10Gbps widely available in Western Europe for under 2MEuro

• 50% Rebated by EC after Claims by Dante

Relative Cost of Connectivity Compared with Number of Suppliers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Number of suppliers

Relativecost Trend Line

Some indications from Market in Europe

• 40Gbps not widely commercially available

• Cost of Interfaces for 40Gbps v. high

• Multiple 10Gbps may be more flexible solution

• Would allow Hybrid Network–Mix of IP and non-IP–Terminate on Routers and Switches

Relative Cost of Switch Interfaces and Router Interfaces

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

155 622 2,500 10,000

Speed of Interface

Lis

t P

rice in

€'s

Switch Interface Costs

Router Interface costs

Some exciting possibilities

• Tender shows Charges for 10Gbps Lambdas are still reducing

• Additional Wavelengths will be even cheaper

• Multiple , dual-homed 10Gbps affordable in a number of locations

• 10Gbps Lambda possible building block

• Provide switched GEs to high-end users

Hybrid Infrastructure solution ?

• Enable to present to users, combination of point-to-point and IP services

• Interesting Technical Challenge !

Number of Dark Fibre Offers

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Offers by Country

Series1

Managed Wavelengths and Dark Fibre

• Whether to invest in dark fibre IRUs and transmission equipment/management and maintenance

• In terms of costs -–May not be advantage in Western Europe

–Less competitive markets : more offers of dark fibre in Central and Eastern Europe

BASIC PROCUREMENT SEGMENTATION

• Major Pan-European Providers

• Dedicated Dark Fibre Offers

• Regional Providers

•What is the Correct Architecture?

•Is there a Common View of Control and Resource Allocation ?

•Can we Implement a Managed Environment Across Multiple Networks?

•Is Interface Definition Well Resourced and Understood?

The Technical Challenges

Service Activities

• SA1 : Procurement– Transmission capacity, PoP equip’t, maintenance & operations

• SA2 : Network Operations and Basic Services

– Initial basic set of services, developed as technical prog.

• SA3 End-to-End Quality of Service– Guaranteed for specific traffic & specialist projects

• SA4 Connecting Other World Regions

– Greater consolidation of global connectivity, co-operation initiatives for seamless work with world regions

Networking Activities

• NA1 Management of GN2• NA2 GN2 Dissemination Activities• NA3 Support for Users & User

Consultancy• NA4 NREN Development & Support• NA5 Foresight Study• NA6 Co-ordination of RTD Activities

Summary of each Activity

Participant

GRnet HEAnet Hungarnet

Renater

Expected effort

2.1 man-yrs

0.7 0.0 2.3

Expected

Budger

148,200 0 ...... ………

Requested EC contrib

74,100 0 .…. ……..

• Deliverables:• DJ1.1 Requirement Report• DJ2.1 Framework design ………

• Milestones• MJ1.2 First set of monitoring tools• MJ1.3 Single domain implementation …..

Joint Research Activities

• JRA1 Performance Measurement and Management

• JRA2 Security• JRA3 Bandwidth Reservation &

Allocation• (Bandwidth on Demand)

• JRA4 Technology & Service Testing• JRA5 Ubiquity (Mobility) and

Roaming Access to Services

MAJOR JOINT RESEARCH TOPICS

• Security• Performance Monitoring • End-To-End Guarantees• Mobility

•Exploits GEANT on a pan-European Basis

•Real time

•Throughput 512 Mbps -1+Gbps

•Better Quicker Science

•Look Back Further in Time

e-VLBI

Support for European VLBI

Radio Telescope

Correlator

Data Flows(RT or non-RT)

5-GHz Global VLBI image of an FRII radio galaxy

–Picture provided courtesy of European VLBI Network

EVN Traffic Flows over GÉANT

UK

SE

FR

NLBE

DE1

DE2

CZ

PL

CH

IT

AT

SURFnet

JANET

GARR

PSNC

DFN

NORDUnet

2.5G10G

256M 512M ?1G

JIVE

• VLBI image of quasar close to the edge of the Universe, in existence when the Universe was ~7% of its present age

Edge of the Universe as seen by the EVN

–Picture provided courtesy of European VLBI Network

• Improved backbone infrastructure for European research and education - building on GÉANT core

• Support integrated, multi-national research teams with challenging requirements – e.g. GRIDs, eScience

• Integration of European services into a world-wide scope

• Support constantly growing requirements and rapidly evolving technology:

spearhead development of next generation communication technologies ahead of the market

After GÉANT: What’s needed?