General factors

The Etiology of malocclusion

Local factors

Skeletal factor

Muscle factor

Dental factor

Local factors affecting occlusal development

Dr. Ahmed AL-MayaliB.D.S M.Sc. Ortho.

ahmed.almayali@uokufa.edu.iq

Local factors affecting occlusal development

1 • Aberrant position of individual teeth

2 • Supernumerary teeth

3• Developmental hypodontia

4• The labial frenum

5• Thumb or finger sucking

Aberrant developmental position of individual teeth

•Upper canine…...lower 3rd molar upper central incisor …...lower central incisor

• Trauma•Congenital displaced

ABERRANT DEVELOPMENTAL POSITION OF UPPER CANINE TEETH

Why?

Space deficiency…….×

Location of the unerupted malpositioned canine

A-Visual examination

B- Palpation

3 -Radiography

A-Visual examination

B- Palpation

Radiography

1 • Intra-oral (periapical)

2 • Anterior occlusal and oblique occlusal

3• Rotational tomography ( O.P.G )

4 •Postero-anterior and true lateral

1-Removal of the tooth.2-Alignment into the dental arch with appliances.3-Immediate repositioning of the tooth by extraction and reimplantation.4-No treatment.

2- Supernumerary teeth

Supplementary teeth  Conical teeth Tuberculate teeth

A- Supplementary teeth

Normal formExtra upper & lower incisorsEffect…………...

B- Conical teeth

C- Tuberculate teeth

PremaxillaPalatalDelay eruption central incisors

3 -Developmental hypodontia

form …incisors…..coniform & molars

position …..more teeth…….spacing

growth of the jaws. Basal part Alveolar part Vertical ,transverse, anteroposterior

The effect of hypodontia on dental occlusion

4 -The labial frenum

1-low and thick attachment 2-Hypodontia.3-Proclination of incisors.4-General spacing.5-The presence of supernumerary teeth.6-Ugly duckling stage.

causes of upper median diastema

Ugly duckling stage

Treatment1-surgery2-fixed appliance

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