by

Topics to be

Covered…

Location

Neighbour

Strategic Importance

Topography

Historical Background

Demography

Economy

Relevance in the World Politics & Economy

Relevance to India

G-8 CountriesJapan & France

SAARC Country Bangladesh

Location

Neighbour

Strategic Importance

Topography

Historical Background

Demography

Economy

Relevance in the World Politics & Economy

Relevance to Asia

Relevance to India

Current Issue Kashmir

Relevance of History

Hero given farewell

The informer

Kashmiri Pandits being called to the valley again

Taking India to the world

Kashmir Hindu Foundation

SpartansMembers…

Bari Prashant

Bhupesh Kumar

Bhuwan Bhashkar Gaurav Mangal Kumar

MayankDeepak Sharma Inder Joshi

Mayank BhargavaGagan deep Singh Karam Bangur

Founded in 1975

The G-8 comprises 7 of the world’s leading industrialized nations and Russia.

The G8 was set up as a forum for economic and trade matters.

G - 8

Countries in G-8

USA

UK

FRANCE

ITALY

JAPAN

GERMANY

CANADA

RUSSIA

FRANCE

History of FranceHistory of France

Located in France is an independent nation in Western Europe and the center of a large overseas administration. It is the third largest European nation (after Russia and Ukraine).

Its present name is derived from the Latin word Francia, meaning "country of the Franks,”

It became a separate country in the 9th century.

France has played a major role in European and world events.

Six Overseas DepartmentsSix Overseas Departments

FRENCH GUIANA in South America

GUADELOUPE and MARTINIQUE in the West Indies.

MAYOTTE, an island formerly part of the Comoros located.

SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON, islands off the east coast of Canada.

Geo & Demographic Geo & Demographic view of Franceview of France

Located in western Europe but also has number of territories in north and South America.

Capital = Paris

Area=547030 square kilometer.

Area with its territories=647843 square KM.

Population = 65.1 million.

Language = French

Metropolitan France Metropolitan France & its Neighbours& its Neighbours

Socio- Scenario

Marianne is a symbol of the French Republic.

She is an allegorical figure of liberty and the Republic and first appeared at the time of the French Revolution.

France is a secular country.

Majority = Christians

Literacy:- 99%

• Fifth largest economy in the world.

• France joined the 11 EU member to launch EURO in

1999 and replace FRANC completely in early 2002.

Economic Scenario

Relevance in World Political Relevance in World Political & Economy& Economy

France is a member of the United Nations and serves as one of the permanent members of the U.N. Security Council with veto rights.

It is also a member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).

France is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation.

France retains strong political and economic influence in its former African colonies and has supplied economic aid and troops for peace-keeping missions in the Ivory Coast and Chad.

Relevance to IndiaRelevance to India

France established diplomatic relations with the newly-independent India in 1947.

France was one of the few nations who did not condemn India's nuclear tests in 1998.

Supported India's bid to become a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council as well as G-8.

India has purchased much military equipment from France, especially the French Mirage 2000 fighter aircraft and the Scorpène class submarines.

France is one of the largest suppliers of nuclear fuel to India.

JAPAN

Japan – An OverviewJapan – An Overview

• Area: 3,77,835 square kilometers in eastern region of Asia. • Capital: Tokyo

• Currency: Yen

• Population: 1,27,288,146

• Population growth rate: 0.15%

• literacy: 99%

• Neighboring countries: North Korea, South Korea, China

TopographyTopography

• It comprises several thousands of islands out of them major islands are Honshu, Hokkiodo, kyushu and shikoku.

• Areawise Japan is equivalent to that of Germany and California of the US.

• Japan is politically structured into 8 regions and 47 prefectures.

• More than 50 percent of country is mountaneous and covered by forests

Culture of JapanCulture of Japan

• Culture of Japan is evolved from prehistoric Jomon culture which combines influence from Asia, Europe, and North America.

• The language spoken mainly in Japan is an agglutinative language ( words formed by joining phonemes together).

• Visual arts are the major part of Japanese culture.

• Japanese have developed sophisticated and refined cuisines. Dishes such as Sushi, Tempora, and Teriyaki are commonly known.

Sports of JapanSports of Japan

• Martial arts

• Baseball

• Soccer

• Volleyball

• Rugby Union

History of JapanHistory of Japan

• Ancient history: Kofun period (AD 250) Asuka period (538-710) Nara period (8th century) Hein period (794-1185)

• Modern history: Kamakura period (1185-1333) Muromachi period (1336-1573) Azuchi momoyama period (1568-1600) Edo period (1603-1868)

Economy of JapanEconomy of Japan

• Second largest economy of world after the united states at around US$5 trillion in terms of nominal GDP.

• Workers of Japan ranked number 18th in the world in GDP Per hour worked as of 2006.

• According to Big Mac index wages in Tokyo is the highest among principal countries in the world.

• Japan’s service sector accounts for about three quarters of its total economic output.

Judiciary of Japan

• In 1947, constitution provides for the complete independence of the judiciary. All judicial power is vested to the courts.

• There are 438 summary courts, 1 district court, 8 high courts and Supreme court.

• In addition, there is also family court tied to district courts as well as in over 200 branch office throughout the world.

• Although, juries have not been used in Japan since 1943, a new Quasi - Juri system was passed into law in may 2004 to be implementedin 2009.

Relevance to World EconomyRelevance to World Economy and Politicsand Politics

• Japan is both major trading nation and one of the largest international investors in the world.

• Imports and exports totaling is equivalent of nearly US $522 billion in 1990.

• Japan is the member of the united nations, IMF, Organization for economic co-operation and development.

• Japan is the major exporter of machine tools, iron, steel that are exported to countries such as US and south korea.

Relevance to Indian EconomyRelevance to Indian Economy

• Japan is currently India’s third largest source of foreign direct investment.

• Japanese companies have made cumulative investments of around $2.6 billion in India since 1991.

• According to 2007 annual survey conducted by the Japan bank for international co-operation ranked India as most promising overseas investment destination for Japan.

• In recent years Japan has assisted India in infrastructural development such as Delhi metro rail project.

Relevance to Indian EconomyRelevance to Indian Economy

• Recently Japan has agreed to give financial support to India of $5 billion to build rail corridor between New Delhi and Mumbai and Delhi to Howrah to speed up infrastructure.

SAARC NATIONSSAARC NATIONS

Introduction of SAARCIntroduction of SAARC(South Asian Association of Regional Co-Operation)

It was established on December 8,1985.

Members• India• Pakistan• Bangladesh• Sri Lanka• Nepal • Maldives• Bhutan • Afghanistan

Origin of SAARCOrigin of SAARC

• The idea of regional cooperation in South Asia was first mooted in May,1977 by Bangladesh.

• The foreign secretaries of seven countries met for first time in Colombo in April,1981.

• A committee meeting in Colombo in August,1981 identified 5 broad areas for regional cooperation.

Objective of SAARCObjective of SAARC

• To promote the welfare of the people of South Africa & to improve their quality of life.

• To promote & strengthen collective self reliance among the countries of South Asia.

• To contribute to mutual trust, understanding & appreciation of or another’s problem.

• To accelerate economic growth, social progress and culture development in the region.

BANGLADESH

LocationLocation

• With an area of about 144,000 sq km, Bangladesh is situated between latitudes 20~34' and 26~38' north and latitudes 88~01' and 92~41' east.

• The country is bordered by India on the east, west and north and by the Bay of Bengal on the south.

• There is also a small strip of frontier with Burma on

the southeastern edge.

NeighboursNeighbours

• Bangladesh is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma (Myanmar) to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south.

• Together with the Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal.

Strategic ImportanceStrategic Importance

Despite her small size, Bangladesh does have certain geographical advantages that make her important to regional and extra regional powers which may drag her into a complex strategic scenario created due to rivalries between big powers.

Bangladesh may be seen as a key player in strategic game plans of India, Pakistan, the U.S.A. and China.

TopographyTopography

Bangladesh is a tropical country, situated mainly on the deltas of large rivers flowing from the Himalayas.

The Brahmaputra River, known locally as the Jamuna, unites with part of the Ganges to form the Padma, which, after its juncture with a third large river, the Meghna, flows into the Bay of Bengal.

Near the Myanmar border, in the extreme southeast, is the Keokradong, which at 1,230 m (4,034 ft) is the highest peak in Bangladesh.

Historical BackgroundHistorical Background

Remnants of civilization in the greater Bengal region date back four thousand years, when the region was settled by Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, and Austro-Asiatic peoples. The exact origin of the word "Bangla" or "Bengal" is unknown, though it is believed to be derived from Bang, the Dravidian-speaking tribe that settled in the area around the year 1000 BC.

DemographyDemography

Recent (2005-2007) estimates of Bangladesh's population range from 142 to 159 million, making it the 7th most populous nation in the world.

With a land area of 144,000 square kilometers, ranked 94th, the population density is remarkable.

EconomyEconomy

Despite continuous domestic and international efforts to improve economic and demographic prospects, Bangladesh remains a developing nation.

Its per capita income in 2006 was US$1400 (adjusted by purchasing power parity) compared to the world average of $10,200.

Military of BangladeshMilitary of Bangladesh

Emphasis on manpower than technology.

Has about 2,00,000 Personnel.

Has six parts:

• Sena bahini • Nou bahini• Biman bahini• Rapid action batallion• Bangladesh Rifles• Bangladesh national cadet core.

Is highest contributor to U.N peacekeeping operations.

It also help in internal affairs.

spend 1.8% of G.D.P.

Military of BangladeshMilitary of Bangladesh

CultureCulture

Language - Bangla

Bangla folk music

Gombhira

Bhatiali

Bhawaiya

Films - About 80 films produced in year

SportsSports

Kabbadi is the national game of Bangladesh, Football and Cricket are more popular with Cricket being the most popular sport in Bangladesh followed very closely by Football.

The Bangladeshi cricket team won the ICC Trophy in 1997 against Kenya which enabled them to participate in the 1999 Cricket World Cup. In their very first World Cup, Bangladesh beat Pakistan and Scotland in first round.

In 2011, Bangladesh is going to host the ICC Cricket World Cup jointly with India and Sri Lanka.

Relevance to World Political Relevance to World Political and Economyand Economy

Bangladesh pursues a moderate foreign policy that places heavy reliance on multinational diplomacy, especially at the United Nations.

In 1974 Bangladesh joined both the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations and has since been elected to serve two terms on the Security Council in 1978–1979 and 2000–2001.

In the 1980s, Bangladesh played a lead role in founding the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in order to expand relations with other South Asian states.

Relevance to AsiaRelevance to Asia

Bangladesh's diplomacy is characterized by its essentially reactive nature. It recognises China as a strategic partner, India as a difficult Neighbour and Muslim countries as potential source of support. It has a good relationship with Japan, Srilanka, Pakistan etc.

China's major imports from Bangladesh are raw materials like leather, cotton textiles, fish, etc. And major exports are: textiles, machinery and electronic products, cement, fertilizer, tyre, raw silk, maize, etc.

Relations with IndiaRelations with India

Areas of AgreementAreas of Agreement

Areas of Dispute

Areas of AgreementAreas of Agreement

India gave larger amount of aid to Bangladesh at the time of economic crisis after independence.

In 1972, both the countries signed a “Treaty of friendship and Peace”. An Indo-Bangladesh Trade Pact was also signed.

Areas of Areas of DisputeDispute

The most important for India are some security-related issues, whereas the most important issues on the Bangladeshi side are sharing of the waters of the joint rivers and the river linking project, trade, and a variety of border-related concerns, including smuggling.

KASHMIR ISSUE

IntroductionIntroduction

Early History :-

Existence of Kashmir

Some Early IssuesSome Early Issues

1947 :- At the time of partition the British allow several rulers to choose whether they want to stay in India or want to go to Pakistan. But they does not make a choice.

1948 :- existence of the of line of control.

1972 :- sign a peace agreement known as shimla agreement.

1990:- Violence intensifies in Kashmir. Islamic militants carry out ethnic cleansing in the Kashmir Valley, terrorizing non-Muslims, mainly Kashmiri pundits, causing large Numbers of people to flee, mainly to Jammu.

2001 :- A terrorist attack on the Kashmir state legislature in Srinagar. 38 people are killed.

Some Early IssuesSome Early Issues

Current ScenarioCurrent Scenario

Highlights Highlights

Hero given farewell

The informer

Kashmiri Pandits being called to the valley again

Taking India to the world

Kashmir Hindu Foundation

Hero Given farewellHero Given farewell

September 9, 2009 Major Akash Singh Samyal, who attained martyrdom after killing two militants at the time of preventing an infiltration bid by a group of heavily armed militants

Thousands descended on Shakti Nagar cremation ground late Wednesday afternoon to bid farewell to the army officer.

The moment the Indian tricolour wrapped coffin of Major Singh arrived at the cremation ground, people jostled to touch it.

Martyr Major Akash Singh

The InformerThe Informer

The city was agog with the rumours that informers were being hounded out, put to death. For the past fifty years the Valley had not known of even a single death but now four or five killings every day had become the order of the day.

People started questioning themselves 'Does my name appear in the list of informers?'...'Do they suspect me of connection with security forces?’

Everyone was working out plans to escape the inevitable death.

Kashmiri Pandits being Kashmiri Pandits being called to the Valley againcalled to the Valley again

The Finance Minister Abdul Rahim had offered liberal incentives to the migrant Kashmiris for return and resettlement at their homes and hearths in the valley, which they were forced to leave in 1990 and later

The minority Hindus and Sikhs were subjected to selective killings, looting of their property, desecration of their religious places, their women folk gang raped and honour of many plundered, besides holding of threats to them by the mischievous anti national and anti social elements.

the Revenue Minister, Raman Bhalla, who heads the Apex Committee, constituted to facilitate the return of the migrants to the valley said "we are not going to forcibly carry migrants back to the valley” those who were not willing to return would be entitled to cash relief and free ration

He also said that government has decided to give jobs to those pandit youths who returned to Kashmir

Continue…Continue…

Taking India to the Taking India to the WorldWorld

The young internationally acclaimed Santoor maestro and music composer Abhay Rustum Sopori has been awarded the prestigious ‘Bharat Shiromani Award’ for the year 2008 – 09.

The award is given in recognition of outstanding achievements and contribution made at international level to luminaries of Indian origin in different categories

Abhay Rustum Sopori, the eminent Santoor maestro and music composer, has the credit for creating a Cultural Revolution in the Jammu and Kashmir State bringing the youth together through music.

Kashmir Hindu Kashmir Hindu FoundationFoundation

Kashmir Hindu Foundation (KHF) has been launched today in the USA, with an ambitious plan to create a Kashmiri Cultural Center, the first such center outside India.

The Kashmiri Cultural Center will provide home to the expression of arts and culture, where the richness of Kashmiri Hindu heritage will be showcased.

It will provide an opportunity to the world to learn and experience the culture of Kashmir, with its spiritual gurus, soulful poetry and music, Kashmir Shaivism, arts, history and the humanities. This center will house a library with potentially the largest collection of books on Kashmir.

Thank you