1
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
STUDY MATERIAL FOR TERM-2
CLASS -V
CONTENT
CHAPTER- 1.
HISTORICAL MONUMENT OF INDIA
CHAPTER- 2.
STATES AND THEIR CAPITALS
CHAPTER- 3.
UNION TERRITORIES AND THEIR CAPITALS
CHAPTER- 4.
INDIA’S LARGEST
CHAPTER- 5.
GREATEST INVENTIONS
CHAPTER- 6.
KNOW OUR STATE UTTARAKHAND
2
HISTORICAL MONUMENT OF INDIA
Taj Mahal- The Taj Mahal is a white marble mausoleum
built by Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan in the year 1653. It is
built in the loving memory of Mumtaz Mahal, wife of
Emperor Shah Jahan. It is located in Agra near the river
yamuna. Taj Mahal is surrounded by attractive lawns,
trees and beautiful lakes. Taj Mahal is built by 20000 artisans in a span of 22 years. It is one
of the famous monument of India.
Qutub Minar- It is the tallest single tower (73 meters) in
New Delhi, India. Qutub Minar is the historical monument
of India, named after the famous Islamic emperor Qutub-
Ud-Din-Aibak. Qutub Minar is built using red sandstone
and marbles. It was built in order to celebrate the victory of
Mohammed Ghori over Rajputs.
Gateway of India- The Gateway of India is an arch
monument built during the 20th century in
Bombay(Mumbai). It was built to commemorate the arrival
of King George V. its foundation was laid by Duke of
Connaught in 1921 and was designed by Edwin lutyens.
India Gate - India Gate is one of the largest war memorials
in India. It is built of Red Sandstone and Granite. The "India
gate" is situated near "Rajpath in New Delhi". The height of
the monument is 42 m. It stands as a symbol of
remembrance of Indian soldiers who "lost their lives" for the
British in World War 1. India Gate serves as the venue of
the Republic day parade, which takes place on 26th January
every year.
3
Golden Temple - It is one of the oldest worship places
for the Indian Sikh. It is located in Amritsar Punjab. The
entire top of the temple is made up of pure gold, adding
to the beauty of the temple. It is mostly made out of
marble but is gold plated natural gold which cover most
of the outside portion. The foundation of the Golden
Temple was laid down by Muslim Saint Mian Mir.
Hawa Mahal - Hawa Mahal ("The Palace of Winds" or
"The Palace of Breeze") is a palace
in Jaipur, India approximately 300 kilometers from the
capital city of Delhi, Built from red and pink sandstone.
The structure was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap
Singh, the grandson of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, who was
the founder of Jaipur.
Red Fort- Red Fort was built by Mughal Emperor, Shah
Jahan in New Delhi, India in the year 1648. Red Fort is one
of the famous historical monuments in India. Red Fort is
popularly known as Lal Quila in Hindi. Red Fort is located at
the bank of Yamuna River in New Delhi, India. Red Fort has
been glory of India for many years because of its skilled
architectures. Prime Minister of India hoists national flag at
red fort every year on Independence Day.
Agra Fort- Agra Fort is a historical fort in the city
of Agra in India. It was the main residence of the
emperors of the Mughal Dynasty till 1638, when the
capital was shifted from Agra to Delhi. The Agra fort is a
UNESCO World Heritage site. It is about 2.5 km
northwest of its more famous sister monument, the Taj
Mahal.
4
Charminar- The Charminar is a monument and
mosque in Hyderabad, India. The structure was built in
1591 AD. It is the most famous building of Hyderabad
and also one of the most famous buildings in India. It
was built by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shahi to celebrate
the end of a deadly plague. Charminar is taken from
two words Char and Minar which translate as Four
Towers in English.
Jama Masjid- Jama Masjid is one of the
biggest mosques in Delhi, India. It was built by Mughal
emperor Shah Jahan. The mosque was completed in
1656. It is made up of red sandstone and marble. It took
about 5000 workers to complete the construction.`
5
STATES AND THEIR CAPITALS
S.No States Name Capital Founded on
1 Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad (Proposed Capital Amaravati) 1 Nov. 1956
2 Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar 20 Feb. 1987
3 Assam Dispur 26 Jan. 1950
4 Bihar Patna 26 Jan. 1950
5 Chhattisgarh Raipur 1 Nov. 2000
6 Goa Panaji 30 May. 1987
7 Gujarat Gandhinagar 1 May. 1960
8 Haryana Chandigarh 1 Nov. 1966
9 Himachal Pradesh Shimla 25 Jan. 1971
10 Jharkhand Ranchi 15 Nov. 2000
11 Karnataka Bengaluru (formerly Bangalore) 1 Nov. 1956
12 Kerala Thiruvananthapuram 1 Nov. 1956
13 Madhya Pradesh Bhopal 1 Nov. 1956
6
14 Maharashtra Mumbai 1 May. 1960
15 Manipur Imphal 21 Jan. 1972
16 Meghalaya Shillong 21 Jan. 1972
17 Mizoram Aizawl 20 Feb. 1987
18 Nagaland Kohima 1 Dec. 1963
19 Odisha Bhubaneswar 26 Jan. 1950
20 Punjab Chandigarh 1 Nov. 1956
21 Rajasthan Jaipur 1 Nov. 1956
22 Sikkim Gangtok 16 May. 1975
23 Tamil Nadu Chennai 26 Jan. 1950
24 Telangana Hyderabad 2 Jun. 2014
25 Tripura Agartala 21 Jan. 1972
26 Uttar Pradesh Lucknow 26 Jan. 1950
27 Uttarakhand Dehradun (Winter)
Gairsain (Summer)
9 Nov. 2000
28 West Bengal Kolkata 1 Nov. 1956
7
UNION TERRITORIES AND THEIR CAPITALS
Union Territories Names Capital Founded on
Andaman and Nicobar Islands Port Blair 1 Nov. 1956
Chandigarh Chandigarh 1 Nov. 1966
Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu Daman 26 Jan. 2020
Delhi New Delhi 9 May. 1905
Jammu and Kashmir Srinagar (Summer) Jammu (Winter)
31 Oct 2019
Lakshadweep Kavaratti 1 Nov. 1956
Puducherry Pondicherry 1 Nov. 1954
Ladakh Leh 31 Oct 2019
8
INDIA’S LARGEST
1 Largest populated city Mumbai
2 Largest freshwater lake Kolleru (Andhra Pradesh)
3 Largest saltwater lake Chilka (Orissa)
4 Largest state Rajasthan
5 Largest populated state Uttar Pradesh
6 Largest museum Indian Museum (Kolkata)
7 Largest zoo Zoological Garden (Karnataka)
8 Largest dome Gol Gumbaz (Karnataka)
9 Largest mosque Jama Masjid (New Delhi)
10 Largest desert Thar (Rajasthan)
11 Largest river island Majuili (Brahmaputra)
12 Largest monastery Tawang monastery (Arunachal Pradesh)
13 Largest cave temple Ellora (Maharashtra)
14 Largest animal fair Sonepur fair (Bihar)
15 Largest plateau Deccan Plateau
16 Largest river in South India Godavari
17 Largest prison Puzhal Jail (Chennai)
18 Largest planetarium Birla Planetarium
19 Largest GPO Mumbai GPO
20 Largest church St. Cathedral (Old Goa)
21 Largest cinema theater Thangam Theater
22 Largest exhibition ground Pragati Maidan (New Delhi)
9
23 Largest arch dam Idukki dam (Kerala)
24 Largest library National Library (Kolkata)
25 Largest aircraft carrier INS Viraat
26 Largest landing ship INS Magrar
27 Largest union territory Andaman Nicobar Islands
28 Largest gurudwara Golden Temple (Amritsar)
29 Largest residence Rashtrapati Bhavan
30 Largest river barrage Farakka Barrage
31 Largest open university Indira Gandhi Open University (New Delhi)
32 Largest ocean island Middle Andaman
10
GREATEST INVENTION
1. Printing press
The printing press is a device that allows for the mass production of uniform printed matter, mainly text in the form of books, pamphlets and newspapers. Created in China, the printing press revolutionized society there before being further developed in Europe in the 15th Century by Johannes Gutenberg and his invention of the Gutenberg press. The Diamond Sutra , a Buddhist book from Dunhuang, China from around 868 A.D. during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book.
2. Radio
The first edition of radio was patented in 1896 by Guglielmo Marconi. Marconi was a pioneer of wireless telegraphy. Born in Italy in 1874, he began experimenting with his inventions at the age of 20 after becoming aware of the work of Hertz in electromagnetic waves, also known as radio waves.
3. Telephone
It was at this time, 1876–1877, that a new invention called
the telephone emerged. It is not easy to determine who
the inventor was. Both Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray
submitted independent patent applications concerning telephones to
the patent office in Washington on February 14, 1876.
4. Computer
Charles Babbage, an English mechanical engineer and polymath,
originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered
the "father of the computer", he conceptualized and invented the
first mechanical computer in the early 19th century.
11
5. Electric bulb
Thomas A. Edison is solely credited with inventing the modern
incandescent light bulb after 10,000 attempts.
Long before Thomas Edison patented -- first in 1879 and then a year
later in 1880 -- and began commercializing his incandescent light bulb,
British inventors were demonstrating that electric light was possible with
the arc lamp.
6. compass
The compass was invented in China during the Han Dynasty
between the 2nd century BC and 1st century AD where it was
called the "south-governor”. The magnetic compass was not, at
first, used for navigation, but for geomancy and fortune-telling by
the Chinese.
12
6. KNOW OUR STATE UTTARAKHAND
1. When was the U.P. reorganization Bill passed in Lok Sabha ?
1st August, 2000
2. Main source of income of Uttarakhand is
Forest resources and tourism
3. Where is Lal Bahadur Shastri Academy situated?
Mussoorie
4. Corbett National Park is situated in which district of Uttarakhand ?
Nainital
5. Where is the Sat-tal lake situated at Uttarakhand ?
Nainital
6. What is the main cause of the formation of Uttarakhand ?
Backwardness, poverty, inconvenience and migration
7. How many types of forests are found in Uttarakhand ?
Four
8. Which is the Mini Switzerland according to Mahatma Gandhi?
Almora (Kausani)
9. At present what is the area of Uttarakhand ?
53.483 km2
10. How many universities are there in Uttarakhand ?
11
11. Who is the present chief Minister of Uttarakhand?
Trivendra Singh Rawat
12. At the bank of which river is Rishikesh pilgrim Centre in Uttarakhand
situated?
Ganga
13
13. Which is the small Kashmir of Uttarakhand ?
Pithoragarh
14. Who was the first Chief Minister of Uttarakhand?
Nityanand Swami
15. When did the earthquake occur in Uttarkashi?
In 1991
16. The origin of Pindar river is from
Pindari glacier
17. Where is the Tiffin Top situated?
Nainital
18. By which name is the Haridwar known?
Kumbh Nagri and Ganga Nagri
19. In which district of Uttarakhand is the state forest services college
situated?
Dehradun
20. The world famous 'Valley of flowers' is situated in
North Chamoli and Pithoragarh
21. Which temple is situated at Kedar Nath?
Shiva
22. Which one of the following is known as the queen of hills of
Uttarakhand?
Mussoorie
23. Where is the China peak situated?
Nainital
24. What is Lansdowne?
A tourist place
25. According to area which is the biggest district in Uttarakhand ?
Chamoli
14
26. Where is the tradition of Long and Bhella dance in Uttarakhand '?
Garhwal
27. Which is the capital of uttarakhand?
Dehradun (In winter)
Gairsain (In summer)
28. Who is the present Chief Secretary of Uttarakhand ?
Om Prakash
29. Who is the present chairman of Uttarakhand Public Service Commission?
Anand Singh Rawat
30. The national poet Sumitra Nandan Pant was the resident of-
Kausani (Almora)
