General Manifestations of Clients With Altered Oxygenation (

8/8/2019 General Manifestations of Clients With Altered Oxygenation (

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/general-manifestations-of-clients-with-altered-oxygenation- 1/21

By:

Mr. Charlie C. Falguera, RN



Objective:y Discuss the general signs/symptoms related to

alteration of gas transport.



Alterations in Cardiac System



Chest Painy A ngina Pectoris caused by myocardium ischemia.

y Timing: A ngina lasts 5-15 min, MI lasts >30 min

y

Quality describe the painy Quantity Scale of 1-10

y Location A ngina: retrosternal, felt slightly to the left of themidline or partly under the sternum. Radiates bilaterally across the chest into the arms, & into the neck & lower jaw.

y Precipitating or A ggravating Factors

y Relieving factors

y A ssociated Manifestations: SOB, N&V, Diaphoresis, Vertigo,Palpitations



Chest Painy A ngina Pectoris

y Irregularities of Heart Rhythm

y Palpitations sensation of rapid heartbeats, skipping,irregularity, thumping, or pounding maybe accompanied by anxiousness.

y Maybe Caused By:

y Tachycardia

y Increased force of myocardial contractiony Premature ventricular beats



Dyspneay Defined as shortness of breath or labored breathing.

y A cute dyspnea:y Caused by:

y Fever

y Exposure to high altitude

y A cute pulmonary edema

y Hyperventilation

y A nemia

y Pneumonia

y Pneumothorax

y Pulmonary emboli

y A irway obstruction



Dyspneay Chronic D yspnea

y Caused By:

y A nxiety

y Depression

y Left ventricular heart failure

y Pulmonary disease

y Pleural effusion

y A sthmay Obesity

y Poor physical fitness



Dyspneay Forms of D yspnea

y Exertional D yspnea (DOE)

y

Occurs during mild to moderate exercise or activity anddisappears with rest.

y Orthopnea

y Results from an increase in hydrostatic pressure in the lungs when the person is lying flat and is relieved when a person

assumes an upright or semivertical position.

y Paroxysmal Nocturnal D yspnea

y D yspnea during sleep



Syncopey Or Fainting a transient loss of consciousness related

to inadequate cerebral perfusion.

y

Cardiac dysrhythmiasy Valvular disorders



Fatiguey Related to decreased cardiac output.

y A nemia

y A nxiety y Chronic diseases

y Depression

y Thyroid dysfunction



Weight Gain & Dependent Edemay Result from heart failure



Other Manifestations:y Cyanosis subtle bluish discoloration.

y Differential cyanosis

y Peripheral cyanosisy Clubbing of Fingers

y Hemoptysis



Alterations in Hematologic System



Intermittent Claudicationy A n ischemic muscle pain precipitated by activity and

relieved by rest.

y

Caused By:y A ccumulation of Lactic A cid end products of anaerobic

cellular metabolism.

y Peripheral A rterial Disease



Edemay A ccumulation of fluid at the interstitial spaces.

y Results from: Venous Disorders



Skin Changesy Pallor

y Flushing

y Jaundice

y Cyanosis

y Excoriation

y Pruritus

y A ngioma

y Telangiectasis abnormal dilatation of the terminal skincapillaries

y Spider nevus characterized by a small center elevated reddot from which tiny blood vessels radiate.



Skin Changesy Purpura

y Petechiae

y Ecchymosisy Hematoma localized mass of blood, usually clotted,

within a tissue or body part.

y Chloroma solid mass resulting from collections of

leukemic cells.y Plasmacytoma a focal neoplasm consisting of plasma

cells



Changes in Sensationy Paresthesia of hands and feet numbness or tingling

resulting from nerve tissue ischemia.

yA taxia defective control and coordination of

voluntary muscles.

y Weakness

y Headache

y Nuchal rigidity stiffness of the neck



Ulcery A ssociated with arterial/venous insufficiency.





Thank You!!!!

Date post:	09-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	chfalguera
View:	213 times
Download:	0 times

General Manifestations of Clients With Altered Oxygenation (

Documents