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GENERATION OF MOBILES

By

Rushi

Akhil

Jerrin

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GENERATIONS ..

f Four Generations are running in the market.

f They are

f The First Generation (1G).

f The Second Generation (2G).

f The Third Generation (3G).

f The Fourth Generation (4G).

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THE FIRST GENERATION (1G)

f 1G refers to the first-generation of wireless telecommunication technology.

f The first commercially automated cellular network (the 1G generation) was

launched in Japan by NTT (NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE

CORPORATION) in 1980.

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f The second launch of 1G networks was the simultaneous launch of

the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system

in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1981

f The main difference between 1G and 2G, is that the radio signals that 1G

networks use are analog, while 2G networks are digital.

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FEATURES u..

f Allocates one 25 MHz frequency band for the signals to be sent from the

cell base station to the handset, and a second different 25 MHz band for

signals for vice-versa.

f These bands were then split into a number of communications channels,

each of which would be used by a particular caller.

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2G SUCCEEDING 1G ..

f With the introduction of 2G networks, the 1G phones were destined to becomeobsolete, as they were

f not adaptable to the new 2G standards .

f poor security due to the lack of encryption.

f the fact that anyone with a receiver tuned to the right frequency couldoverhear the conversation.

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Second generation telephone technology based on GSM or in

other words global system for mobile communication.Second

generation was launched in Finland in the year 1991.

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GSM has its original origin from the Groupe Spcial Mobile, in

Europe.

GSM is the most admired standard of all the mobile

technologies.

Second generation technologies are either TDMA or CDMA.

Now it is used in more than 212 countries in the world.

First one to help establish international roaming.

enabled the users to make use of the SMS to any mobile

network at any time.

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Availability of international emergency numbers.

GSM differs from its predecessor technologies in that both

signaling and speech channels are digital and thus GSM is

considered a second generation (2G) mobile phone system.

This also facilitates the wide-spread implementation of data

communication applications into the system.

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2G network allows for much greater penetration

intensity.

Provided the services such as text messages,picturemessages and MMS.

Holds sufficient security for both the sender and the

receiver.

All text messages are digitally encrypted.

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Digital signals require consume less battery power.

Digital coding.

Digital signals are considered environment friendly.

use of digital data service.

Digital encryption has provided secrecy and safety to the data and

voice calls.

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The use of 2G technology requires strong digital signals to help

mobile phones work. If there is no network coverage in any

specific area,digital signals would be weak.

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3g was first launched in Japan by NTT Docomo.

Its network had brand name FOMA.

It was introduced in May 2001 and the commercial

launch was on October 1,2001.

HISTORY OF 3G

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3G

3G is the third generation of wireless technologies.

Mostly used with mobile phones as a means to connect

to Internet.

Provides high-speed transmission, advanced multimediaaccess and global roaming.

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3G has the following enhancements overother two generations:

Several times higher data speed

Enhanced audio and video streaming

Video-conferencing support

Web and WAP browsing at higher speeds

IPTV (TV through the Internet) support

HOW IS3G BETTER?

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The first thing you require is a device (e.g. a mobilephone) that is 3G compatible.

3G compatible phone normally has two cameras.

Secondly we needed to be subscribed to a service

provider.

Device is connected to 3G network through simcard.

WHAT IS REQUIRED FOR USING

3G?

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Transfer rate for3G Networks depends on movement:(1)It is 128-144 kbps(kilo bits per sec) for

devices that are moving fast.

(2)It is 384 kbps for slow ones(eg:Pedestrian)

(3)For fixed wireless LANs speed is beyond 2

Mbps.

It is a set of technologies and standards that include W-

CDMA,WLAN and cellular radio, among others.

3G TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

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3G follows a pattern of G's that started in the early

1990's by the ITU.

The pattern is actually a wireless initiative called theIMT-2000 (International Mobile Communications

2000).

It includes General Packet RadioS

ervice (GPRS

),Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE),

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)

etc.

CONT..

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The cost is not very cheap because of itsservices.

It is worthwhile for users that need

connectivity on the move.

Most providers have plans where user pays for

amount of data transferred.

For example, there are service plans where there is a flat rate for the first

Gigabyte of data transferred, and a per minute cost for each additional Megabyte

3G COST

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1)Apple iPhone 3G S

Bands: GSM 850/900/1800/1900

Weight:135 g

InternalMemory:16/32GB shared memory

Network: Edge

WiFi : Wi-Fi 802.11b/g

3G Bands : HSDPA 850/1900/2100

Camera : 3MP,Auto Focus

Price:

$199 with AT&T and $599 for unlocked 16 GB Model$299 with AT&T and $699 for unlocked 32 GBModel

TOP 5 3G PHONES IN WORLD

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2) Nokia E71

2G Network : GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900

3G Network : HSDPA 900 / 2100 , HSDPA 850 / 1900

- American version

Display : Type TFT, 16M colors ,Size 320 x 240 pixel2.36 inches

Memory : 110 MB Storage, 128 MB RAM, 8GB MicroSD

supported

Camera : 3.1 MP, autofocus and LED flash

Price:$449

CONT

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3. Samsung i900 Omnia

2G Network : GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900

3G Network : HSDPA 2100

Display Type : TFT resistive touch screen, 256K colors

(65K effective)

Display Size : 240 x 400 pixels,3.2 inches

Accelerometer sensor for auto-rotate

Handwriting recognition

Memory : 8/16GB Storage, 128MB RAM

Camera : 5MP autofocus, LED Flash

Wi-Fi

Price:$469

CONT

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4) Nokia N96

2G Network : GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900

3G Network : HSDPA 900 / 2100 , HSDPA 850 / 1900

American version

Display : 16M Color TFT, 2.8 inches, 240 X 320 Pixels

Memory : 16 GB Storage, 128MB RAM

Wi Fi

Camera : 5 MP Autofocus, LED Flash, Carl Zeiss Optics

Price:$499

CONT

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5) Blackberry Bold 9000

2G Network : GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900

3G Network : HSDPA 850 / 1900 / 2100

Display : 2.6 inches, 480 X 320 pixels

Memory : 1GB Storage, 128 MB RAM,Micro SDHC Upto

8GB

WiFi

Camera : 2 MP,LED Flash

Price:$569

CONT

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Fourth generation would be ready for implementation by 2012.

Additional feature likeMultimedia Newspapers, live TV with

clarity of ordinary TV.

Infrastructure of 4g will only be packet based.

Technologies likeFlash-OFDM,802.16e i.e. mobile version of Wi-

max and HC-SDMA.

INTRO TO 4G

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