Generic Adaptation Process

Evgeny Knutov Evgeny Knutov Paul De BraPaul De BraMykola PechenizkiyMykola Pechenizkiy

GAF project: Generic Adaptation FrameworkGAF project: Generic Adaptation Framework

(project is supported by(project is supported by NWONWO)

Agenda

• Adaptation process modeling• AH classification and adaptation cycle• AHS evolution• GAF layers• Generic Flowchart• GAF sequence chart• Use-cases• Conclusions

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Adaptation process modeling:

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Classic loop user modeling - adaptation

Munich Model: Lifecycle of Adaptation

Generic Adaptivity Model

GOMAWE

Classification of AH methods and techniques; adaptation process highlights:

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• Classification of AH methods and techniques integrated with adaptation process cycle

• Basis for the AHS layered structure

AHS evolution:

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• Generalize AHS functionality in GAF• Enhance GAF layered structure with the process• Generalize adaptation process in GAF

Rotating GAF layered model:

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• GAF aligns the order of the layers in the system according to the classification of AH methods and techniques

• Rotate layered structure of GAF and match with adaptation process flowcharts

GAF layered structure

Adaptation process:

• Generic representation of the process• Aligned it with the traditional ‘adaptation questions’• Provides a flowchart diagram of a generic AHS• Align the layers of AHS in a sequence chart• Matched flow and sequence charts• Reference Adaptation Process

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Generic Flowchart (example):

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concept-content-adaptation interaction

saving goal to follow in UM

presentation generation

acquiring corresponding content/frame/info unit

store intermediate user progress

preparing instance of UM to work with and current goal (acquiring full user profile)

acquiring next concept(void in case one-at-a-step

adaptation)+ associated events

update user knowledge/properties

showing info/content to the user

current user goal is pre-stored in UM

processing information unit (content/links from frames/

pages/ etc.)

updating user goal progress

navigation adaptation

applying adaptation techniques

triggering a rule(from rule repository)

adaptation condition

true

content adaptation

acquiring corresponding content (info units)

proceed to the next step

false

...

Presentation

Model

User

model

(6)(7)

(4)

(8)

(5)

Adaptation

Model

(4)

• 3 main blocks:• goal acquisition,

• adaptive functionality

• test-feedback loop

• Mapped on the layered structure of GAF model

• Mapped on the Adaptation process sequence chart

(see process numbers and GAF sequence chart further)

Key elements of GAF sequence chart:

• Layered structure preserved in a sequence

• Layers aligned with adaptation questions

• Layers aligned with process and generic flowchart

• Layers determine (de) composition of the GAF model

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GAF sequence chart:

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Goa

l Mod

el

D

omai

n M

odel

Use

r M

odel

Con

text

Mod

el

Res

ourc

e M

odel

App

licat

ion

Mod

el

G

roup

Mod

el

Ada

ptat

ion

Mod

el

Pre

sent

atio

n M

odel

H

ighe

r O

rder

Ada

ptat

ion

Use

r C

onte

xt

U

sage

Con

text

Group formation

Defining usage context

Acquiring user context

UM-DM overlay

sustainability

Acquiring resources

(content) for the concept

Defining user goal

Interaction requires reply

Passing data/control to other

sub-system

Aligning goal with Domain Model

Considering usage context

Passing content to be rendered and

presented

Maintaining and

AcquiringAdaptive rules of higher order

Initiating adaptation

Invoking adaptation

methods and techniques

Retrieving/updating UM state

Maintaining and updating HOA with system usage data

Retrieving concept corresponding domain information (hierarchy,

resources, meta data, etc.)

Legend:

Why? What? To What?

Classification of AH Methods and Techniques;

adaptation process highlights

How?When?

Where?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(5)

(4)

(8)

(9)

(6)

(7)

Use-case 1: Adaptive course:

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rules repository

goal (detailing, hierarchy, trail)

concept adaptation (content/concept AE

functionality)

tests

concept-content adaptation sequence

(see Figure 10)acquiring rules

presentation generation(content sequence/goal

sequence, etc.)

DM

UM

goals acquisition/projects, etc.(mapped from DM)

As an output we have: - detailed goal sequence (matched with project, etc)- detailed sequence of content chunks, frames, etc.

- test sequence (covering designated course)

UM

ove

rla

y

yes

Rules repository:1) concept adaptation rules2) goal elaboration rules 3) test rules (rules to organize and follow up with the test procedures)Can be considered as a part of AE

user states goal

acquiring next step: (goal/test/concept)

translating goal into system internal

presentation

Adaptation finished?

go to the next step of adaptation, elaboration

User stated goal is translated into system internal goal (from what user chooses (link, project, etc.) to system conceptual representation)

UM retrieve/update

Granularity module

In case goal or concept structure is not detailed enough – goal elaboration rules will be applied

elaboration?

granularity module(detailed

elaboration)

not req.requiredcontent

acquisition

Resourcesrepository

• Generic Flowchart compliance

‘next’ goal / concept / test main loop

granularity module concept-content

adaptation sequence presentation

generation

Use-case 2: WWW Search:

• Sequence chart (GAP) compliance with the search process:• Goal Model – defines search query

• Domain Model – defines search index

• Resource model - WWW

• Context Models – defines user and usage context properties (IP, user profile, etc.)

• Group Model – defines user collaborative profile

• Adaptation and Application models – define search engine and ranking mechanisms

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Use-case 2: WWW Search sequence chart:

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Go

al M

ode

l

D

o mai

n M

ode

l

Us e

r M

ode

l

C

o nte

x t M

ode

l

Re s

ourc

e M

od e

l

Ap

plic

a tio

n M

ode

l

Gr o

up M

odel

Ad

apta

tion

Mo d

el

Pr e

sen t

atio

n M

ode

l

Hi g

her

Ord

er A

dap t

atio

n

Us e

r C

ont

e xt

U

s age

Co

n tex

t

parsing query

Group formation

Defining the usage context

Acquiring user context

UM-DM overlay

sustainability

Acquiring resources for the concepts

Defining user goal

Aligning goal with the Domain

Considering usage context

Passing content to be rendered and

presented

Maintaining and

AcquiringAdaptive rules of higher order

Initiating adaptation

Invoking adaptation

Methods and techniques

Retrieving/updating UM state

Maintaining and updating HOA with system usage data

Retrieving concept corresponding domain information (hierarchy, resources, meta data)

Crawler

index

User – stating the query

User Profile

IP, profile, etc.

www

Search and Result

history

Ranking User Interface:Presenting search results, snippets, ranking info., etc.

Search Engine

Search Query

Interpreting Query

(refolmulation, extern lex., etc.)

Accumulating user search history

Maintaining collaborative

profile

AHS OverlayModel

AH methods andtechniques

Conclusions:

• Generic Adaptation Process• Conformity of the adaptation process sequence and

flowchart approaches• Layered process-based (de)composition of an

adaptive system• Building Block of a User-Adaptive System process

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Further work:

• Elaborate process description and extend generic adaptation process emphasizing new developments in AH

• Align adaptation sequence chart with other user-adaptive systems (e.g. Recommender systems)

• Emphasize interoperability of the new AH developments in the context of the process (e.g. open corpus adaptation, higher order adaptation, etc.)

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Thanks!and

Questions?