Genetic Diseases

Genetic Diseases

• Genetic Diseases can result from many things such as mutations in the gene or mutations in chromsome number

• First lets recall a view facts…. - A female will have an two ____ chromosomes- A male will have an ___ and ___ chromosom- Also some diseases can be either __________

or sex-linked related

Down Syndrome

• Also known as Trisomy 21 • There is an extra 21st chromosome• This disease is an example of nondisjunction• Nondisjucntion - where the chromsomes fail

to ________ during meiosis• Polyploidy -

• Short in stature• Will develop many health

problems• Mental Retardation

Turner Syndrome

• Occurs in ________, they lack an X chromsome, so they are XO

• Females will be short in stature, infertile, have a webbed neck, and low ears

Klienfelter’s Syndrome

• Occurs in ________• They will be infertile• Tall, and possibly Mentally impaired

Pedigree’s

• Scientist used to study the inheritance patterns in a family and the possible offspring

• Can be used to predict the possibility of disease

Genetic Engineering

“Dad, can you pass the genetically modified corn please?”

Genetic Engineering

• Can used in various ways – to create transgenic animals, to help with medicines, in forensics (crime solving), in crop production

• Transgenic Organisms – contain genes from other ___________

• Glowing Fish

• Chickens engineeredTo have no feathers- Better poultry for the farmers

• Also transgenic plants - Plants and crops will be more resistant to

harsh weather- Resistant to diseases- Resistant to insecticides

Cloning

• Making an exact copy – genetically• Will take DNA from the organism and place

the DNA in an egg cell from another donor

• Dolly the sheep was The first successful Animal cloned

Ethical Issues

• Genetic Engineering raises many ethical concerns.

• Ethical meaning right vs. wrong

• Think about what makes genetic engineering ethical or unethical.

• Write a paragraph about your position

Other Applications

• PCR – Polymerase Chain Reaction – making more DNA from small amounts – amplifying the DNA

• Inserting human DNA into bacteria cells• Gene Therapy – replaces defective genes with

normal genes