GENETIC MUTATIONS

DNA and Mutations

Mutations are any changes that take place in DNA:

•Can change the genetic code, and be replicated when forming new body cells.

• Can be spontaneous or caused by other forces• ex: Chemicals, high temperatures, UV light, radiation

•Mutations can be inherited Parent to child

Significance of Mutations

• Most are neutral (no effect)• Eye color• Birth marks

• Some are harmful• Sickle Cell Anemia• Scoliosis

• Some are beneficial• Myostatin Deficiency• Immunity to HIV

Examples of Genetic Disorders

Down Syndrome- extra chromosome Hemophilia- blood doesn’t clot normally Cystic Fibrosis- severe mucus build up Color Blindness- inability to see certain colors Albinism- no color pigment in skin, hair, and eyes Muscular Dystrophy- deterioration of muscle tissue Scoliosis- curving of the spine Multiple Sclerosis- nerve condition that affects the brain

and spinal chord

Examples of Genetic Mutations