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Genetics TEST Review
Biology2010
What are non sex chromosomes called?
Hom
ologou
s
Dip
loid
Auto
som
es
Hap
loid
0% 0%0%0%
1. Homologous 2. Diploid3. Autosomes4. Haploid
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A mule is the result of a cross between a donkey and a horse. A mule is a
tetra
d.
phenotype.
genoty
pe.
hybrid.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. tetrad.2. phenotype.3. genotype.4. hybrid.
The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called
nondisjuncti
on...
X-chro
mosome i..
.
Turner’s
syndr..
.
Down sy
ndrome.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. nondisjunction.2. X-chromosome inactivation.3. Turner’s syndrome.4. Down syndrome.
Shaded symbols represent afflicted people. Males are squares; women are circles. If the trait is a sex-linked trait carried on the X chromosome, what is true about the mother represented by circle 1
She has t
wo al...
She has o
ne al...
She has n
o all...
She has t
he ge...
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. She has two alleles for the disorder.2. She has one allele for the disorder.3. She has no alleles for the disorder.4. She has the genotype XXY.
How many generations are shown in the pedigree
2 4 6 8
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. 22. 43. 64. 8
The trait has two alleles: P (dominant) and p (recessive). The black symbols show the dominant phenotype, and the white symbols show the recessive phenotype. What is the genotype of individual number 4?
PP Pp P pp
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. PP2. Pp3. P4. pp
The allele for the trait in the pedigree is dominant. What is the probability of the couple
labeled 2 of having a child with the trait?
25%50%
75%100%
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. 25%2. 50%3. 75%4. 100%
If a man with blood type A and a woman with blood type B produce an offspring, what
might be the offspring’s blood type?
AB or O
A, B, o
r O
A, B, A
B, or O
AB only
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. AB or O2. A, B, or O3. A, B, AB, or O4. AB only
Blood Types
Blood Type Combination of Alleles
A IAIA or IAi
B IBIB or IBi
AB IAIB
O ii
Which of the following statements is true?
Females c
annot..
.
A colorb
lind g.
..
A sex-lin
ked a...
A colorb
lind b...
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. Females cannot have hemophilia.2. A colorblind girl’s father must be
colorblind. 3. A sex-linked allele cannot be
dominant.4. A colorblind boy’s father must be
colorblind.
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is
dominant and lo
cated o...
rece
ssive
and loca
ted o...
rece
ssive and lo
cate
d o...
dominant and lo
cated o...
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. dominant and located on the X chromosome.2. recessive and located on the Y chromosome.3. recessive and located on the X chromosome.4. dominant and located on the Y chromosome.
What is used to determine if a child has a genetic disorder or gender
Hap
loid
Dip
olid
Bin
ary
fissi
on
Kar
yoty
pe
0% 0%0%0%
1. Haploid2. Dipolid3. Binary fission4. Karyotype
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Sex-linked genes are located on
the auto
somal ..
.
the X ch
romoso
...
the Y ch
romoso
...
both th
e X chr..
.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. the autosomal chromosomes.2. the X chromosome only.3. the Y chromosome only.4. both the X chromosome and
the Y chromosome.
How many TOTAL chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype
2 23 44 46
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. 22. 233. 444. 46
True or False- Karyotype can only show a child's gender
True
False
50%50%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. True2. False
ID the child
Klinefelte
r, m...
Klinefelte
r, f...
Turner s
yndrom...
Turner s
yndrom...
Norm
al boy
Norm
al girl
17% 17% 17%17%17%17%:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. Klinefelter, male 2. Klinefelter, female3. Turner syndrome,
male4. Turner syndrome,
female5. Normal boy6. Normal girl
what is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be male?
10%25%
50%75%
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. 10%2. 25%3. 50%4. 75%
Human males produce sperm cells that have
one X chro
mosome.
two X ch
romoso
mes.
one X or one Y ch
romo...
one X and one Y chro
m...
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. one X chromosome.2. two X chromosomes.3. one X or one Y chromosome.4. one X and one Y chromosome.
Variation in human skin color is an example of
inco
mplete dom...
codominance
.
polygenic
trai...
multi
ple allel...
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. incomplete dominance.2. codominance.3. polygenic traits.4. multiple alleles.
A cross of a black cat (BB) with a white cat (bb) produces all speckled offspring (Bb). This type of
inheritance is known as
inco
mplete dominance
.
polygenic
inheritance
.
codominance
.
multi
ple alleles.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. incomplete dominance.2. polygenic inheritance.3. codominance.4. multiple alleles.
one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are called
Complete domin...
inco
mplete dom...
co dominant.
multi
ple genes..
.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. Complete dominance.2. incomplete dominance.3. co dominant.4. multiple genes.
Gregor Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to
plants only.
animals
only.
pea plants onl...
all organism
s.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. plants only.2. animals only.3. pea plants only.4. all organisms.
T/F when doing a dihybrid cross – traits are independently assorted
True
False
50%50%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. True2. False RrYy
RY Ry rY ry
RY RRYY RRYy RrYY RrYySeed ShapeR = Round r =
Wrinkled
RrYy Ry RRYy RRyy RrYy Rryy Seed ColorY = Yellow y = GreenrY RrYY RrYy rrYY rrYy
ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy
which of the following is true about the offspring resulting from the cross?
About half a
re...
All are expect.
..
About thre
e fo...
All are expect.
..
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. About half are expected to be short.2. All are expected to be short.3. About three fourths are expected to be tall.4. All are expected to be tall.
T t
T TT Tt
T TT Tt
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are
hybrid.
homozygous.
hetero
zygous.
dominant.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. hybrid.2. homozygous.3. heterozygous.4. dominant.
When the two alleles are different
hyb
rid.
homozygous.
hetero
zygous.
dominant.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. hybrid. 2. homozygous.3. heterozygous.4. dominant.
T/F A genotype is the physical traits
True
False
50%50%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. True2. False
A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability that an F1 plant will be short is
25%. 50%.
75%.
100%.
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. 25%.2. 50%.3. 75%.4. 100%.
probability can be used to
determ
ine the ...
determ
ine whic.
..
decide w
hich o...
predict
the tr
...
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. determine the actual outcomes of genetic crosses.
2. determine which species should be used in genetic crosses.
3. decide which organisms are best to use in genetic crosses.
4. predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses.
When you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails
1 1/2 1/4 1/8
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. 12. 1/23. 1/44. 1/8
In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed with a short plant. Short plants
reappeared in the F2 generation because
the alle
le for s
hortness
...
the alle
les for b
oth hei...
the alle
le for s
hortness
...
33% 33%33%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. the allele for shortness becomes more common in the F2 generation.
2. the alleles for both heights were present in the F1 plants.
3. the allele for shortness becomes dominant in the F2 generation.
If a pea plant’s alleles for height are tt. What could we conclude about the parents?
Both pare
nts were
tall.
Both pare
nts were
short.
Both pare
nts co
ntribute
d..
Both pare
nts co
ntribute
...
25% 25%25%25%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. Both parents were tall.2. Both parents were short.3. Both parents contributed a
recessive allele.4. Both parents contributed a
dominant allele.
Questions about a Karyotype?
1. What term do we use to describe the pair of chromosomes?
2. How are the chromosomes that make up each number pair similar?
3. What chromosomes are autosomes?4. Which are sex chromosomes?5. Can you explain any abnormalities?
Chapter 11 and 14 Genetics 2010 33
Attached earlobes are recessive, person number 2 must be
Hetero
zygo
us
Homozy
gous d
om...
Homozy
gous r
ec...
33% 33%33%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. Heterozygous2. Homozygous dominant3. Homozygous recessive
What would the genotype of 14
EE Ee ee
33% 33%33%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. EE2. Ee3. ee
How many possible phenotypes are there?
1 2 3 4 10
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
RrYyRRYy
RY Ry RY Ry
RY RRYY RRYy RRYY RRYy
Ry RRYy RRyy RrYy RRyy
rY RrYY RrYy RrYY RrYy
ry RrYy Rryy RrYy Rryy
1. 12. 23. 34. 45. 10