Genius is one per cent inspiration, ninety-nine per

cent perspiration.

--Thomas Edison(1847 - 1931)

I. What can workers do?• Strike• Riot• Slow downs• Industrial sabotage• Protest

Collective Bargaining

• Union members represent the workers and negotiate with management

• DEC 6 , 2012 R.A.W.

• Why didn’t the

government do anything

to help workers?

•AIM: 36• How did

Unions fight back?

Early Unions: pg, 604-605• Knights of Labor• AFL• ILGWU

Founder?

Who was allowed in?

How big did it get?

What did they want?

Why were they formed?

• DEC 6 , 2012 R.A.W.

• What was the main

difference between the Knights of Labor and the AFL?

Why was the ILGWU

formed?

•AIM: 37What was

the result of most early

strikes?

“An injury to one is a concern for

all.”--Terrence V. Powderly

“Show me a country in which there are no strikes and I will show you a country in which there is no liberty.”

--S. Gompers

STRIKE!• Pg. 605-606• RR Strike.• Haymarket Riot• Homestead Strike• Pullman Strike

• Why?• Union response

• Company response• Government Action

• Public Feeling

Cotton Mill

I. Laissez-Faire• The belief that the government should not become involved in the affairs of business.

• Government has no role in helping working people.

• Hands Off!

II. The Rise of Labor Unions•Employers held too much power over the lives of their workers

•Could lower wages and fire them at will

• Injunction: Court order forcing striking workers back to work.

• In ALL disputes between workers and owners before 1900 the government will always side with the owners !!!

URBAN = City

NYC, 1900

RURAL = Country

America prior to the shift towards Business & Industry1600s-Civil War

I. What conditions were workers facing?

•Long hours•Low wages•Unsafe conditions•No benefits• Immigrant prejudice

I. Owners Fight Back

• Strikebreakers(Scabs): Workers hired to replace striking workers.

• Lockouts: Lock workers out of factory until union is broken.

• Yellow Dog Contract: Workers sign a contract promising not to join a union.

I.Haymarket Square Riot - May 4, 1886

• Chicago police advance on protestors (Knights of Labor)

• A dynamite bomb was thrown into the crowd killing several dozen including cops

• Knights of Labor were considered too violent and anarchists

II. Impact of the American Union• Between 1881-1900 there were 23,000

strikes involving 6,610,000 workers• $450 million dollars lost by workers &

employers• 1894 Congress passed Labor Day as a

national holiday• Most Industrial Owners came to fear

costly work stoppages

III. Results of Labor Unions• Shorter Hours: 8-10• More pay (Minimum wage.)

• Safer conditions(Building codes, fire laws.)

• Restriction of child labor.• Respect for working people.

I. Labor Unions• The Knights of Labor: 1869.

• Founded by Terence V. Powderly.

• Included all workers. Skilled/unskilled.

• Membership of 700,000 by 1886.

• The American Federation of Labor(AFL): 1881

• Founded by Samuel Gompers.

• Only Skilled workers allowed.

• Shorter hours, higher wages, better conditions.

• 1.6 million members by 1904.

• International ladies Garment Workers Union(ILGWU): 1911

• Founded by Mary Harris Jones.

• Safer working conditions.• Formed after Triangle Shirtwaist Fire.

• “there are no limits to which powers of privilege will not go to keep the workers in

slavery.”• Mary Harris (Mother) Jones

I. Laissez-Faire• The belief that the government should not become involved in the affairs of business.

• Government has no role in helping working people.

• Hands Off!

More !!

I. Labor Unions• The Knights of Labor: 1869.

• Founded by Terence V. Powderly.

• Included all workers. Skilled/unskilled.

• Membership of 700,000 by 1886.

• The American Federation of Labor(AFL): 1881

• Founded by Samuel Gompers.

• Only Skilled workers allowed.

• Shorter hours, higher wages, better conditions.

• 1.6 million members by 1904.

• International ladies Garment Workers Union(ILGWU): 1911

• Founded by Mary Harris Jones.

• Safer working conditions.• Formed after Triangle Shirtwaist Fire.

• Strike: Deliberate work stoppage.

• Boycott: Refusing to buy the products of a company.

• Picket Line: Staged protest in front of a business.

• Industrial Sabotage: Destruction of company machines.

• Publicity: Public criticism of a company. Newspapers.

• LABOR UNIONS

What do you want from management?

• Lets Play!!!!

VII. Impact of the American Union• Between 1881-1900 there were

23,000 strikes involving 6,610,000 workers

• $450 million dollars lost by workers & employers

• Under 50% of the disputes won by the unions

• 1894 Congress passed Labor Day as a national holiday

• Most Industrial Owners came to fear costly work stoppages

2 All Star Questions!!!!

!

• In most major labor disputes that occurred in the late 1800s, the federal government1.Supported organized labor unions

2.Supported management3.Did not become involved in strikes

4.Treated both sides fairly.

• Which development was a result of the other three?1. Poor working conditions

2. Twelve hour work day3. Formation of labor unions

4. Low pay for workers

Chicago at the turn of the Century

RAW : What do you see?

A. The Purpose of Unions:

• TO IMPROVE WORKING CONDITIONS• Keep wages respectable• Provide protection for workers ??• How do Unions achieve their goals?

“An injury to one is a concern for

all.”--Terrence V. Powderly

Haymarket Square Riot - May 4, 1886

• Chicago police advance on protestors (Knights of Labor)

• A dynamite bomb was thrown into the crowd killing several dozen including cops

• Knights of Labor were considered too violent and anarchists

More !!

A. Results of Labor Unions• Shorter Hours: 8-10• More pay (Minimum wage.)

• Safer conditions(Building codes, fire laws.)

• Restriction of child labor.

• Respect for working people.

“Show me a country in which there are no strikes and I will show you a country in which there is no liberty.”

--S. Gompers

• In most major labor disputes that occurred in the late 1800s, the federal government1.Supported organized labor unions

2.Supported management3.Did not become involved in strikes

4.Treated both sides fairly.

• Which development was a result of the other three?1. Poor working conditions

2. Twelve hour work day3. Formation of labor unions

4. Low pay for workers

• Dec 1, 2003 R.A.W. •List two ways that

Unions could fight back.

•AIM: 3 •How did

Unions begin to

fight?

• Dec 6, 2004 R.A.W.

• Vocab Quiz TODAY

•AIM: 4 • What were

the blessings

and curses of Industrial expansion

in America?

• Curses of Industrial Expansion

• -Working Conditions• -long hours, • low wages, • unsafe, • child labor, • no security, • poorly ventilated, • no fire codes, • broke down families, • no job protection, • no benefits

•Blessings• -makes the production of goods• -easier, faster, cheaper (assembly line)• -makes the transportation of these goods• -easier, faster, cheaper• -brings about the rise of• -cities, industry, big business, more

powerful weapons• -technological advancements (inventions)• -scientific discovery (medical)• -allowed for women to enter the workforce• -labor unions & reform laws