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GeographyGeography
5 Themes of Geography5 Themes of Geography
• Location– Absolute– Relative
• Place– Cultural characteristics– Physical characteristics
• Region• Movement• Human and Environment Interaction
LocationLocation
• Absolute– address
555 Trojan Trail
Glasgow, KY 42141– latitude/longitude
37ºN; 85°W
• Relative– What is it located
near?• Barren County is near
Warren County
Could you create a map that Could you create a map that shows the route you traveled shows the route you traveled from your house to BCMS?from your house to BCMS?
http://www.mapquest.com/directions/main.adp?do=nw&go=1&r=f&aoh=&aot=&aof=&1a=%5b1%2d572%5d%20MATTHEWS%20MILL%20RD&1c=GLASGOW&1s=KY&1z=42141&1n=BARREN%20COUNTY&1y=US&1l=AMr2TyD516rVhUZl2glgXQ%3d%3d&1g=pmNVKcdIUx8EKLx2qo8Odw%3d%3d&1v=STREET&2a=555%20Trojan%20Trail&2c=Glasgow&2s=KY&2z=42141&2y=US&2l=&2g=&2pn=&2pl=&2v=&2ffi=&2ex=&2n=
PlacePlace
• Cultural Characteristics– Kinds of houses,
means of transportation, recreational activities, jobs, languages, and religion
• Physical Characteristics– Climate, soil, plant life,
animal life, bodies of water
Hola HelloHello
RegionRegion
• Areas that have similar unifying characteristics
Gateway Gateway to the to the WestWest
Highest elevationHighest elevation
Smallest of the Smallest of the regionsregions
Grass looks BlueGrass looks BlueLargest cavesLargest caves
2/3rds of 2/3rds of coal in KYcoal in KY
Describe a favorite city, state, or Describe a favorite city, state, or country. How does the physical country. How does the physical
characteristics in the place characteristics in the place influence the customs?influence the customs?
Native Americans in Alaska wear different clothes, have different architecture, and have different lifestyles than the Native Americans in Florida.
Do hurricanes influence a region’s population and economy?
MovementMovement
• The movement of people, the import and export of goods, and mass communication
What places did your ancestors leave in order to settle in the US?
Why do you think they moved to America?
Human and Environment Human and Environment InteractionInteraction
• Humans adapt, depend, and modify the environment.
What are some more examples of ways that humans use and
modify the environment in places in which they live?
How does geography influence where businesses such as gas stations and malls are built?
Look at page 6 of your Glencoe book.
Homework due TuesdayHomework due Tuesday
• Illustrate the 5 themes of geographyIllustrate the 5 themes of geography
Latitude and LongitudeLatitude and Longitude
• Lines of Latitude and Longitude are Lines of Latitude and Longitude are measured in terms of degrees.measured in terms of degrees.
• Degrees (Degrees (°)°) are divided into minutes. are divided into minutes.– Minutes symbol is Minutes symbol is ΄́..– There are 60 minutes in a degree.There are 60 minutes in a degree.
• Latitude degrees are N and S. Latitude degrees are N and S. – 0° to 90°N/S0° to 90°N/S
• Longitude degrees are E and W.Longitude degrees are E and W.– 0° to 180°W/E0° to 180°W/E
Lines of Lines of Latitude Latitude are called are called parallels.parallels.
Lines of longitude are called meridians.Lines of longitude are called meridians.
180180° longitude = International Date Line° longitude = International Date Line
Two ways for a cartographer to Two ways for a cartographer to map:map:
1. Globe – 3D; has height, depth, and width
2. Map – 2D
Comparing Globes and MapsComparing Globes and Maps
• Which is more accurate?– Globe, because it is shaped like the earth.– Only accurate way to draw earth is a sphere.
• Which is easier to read?– Map– Because they show more about the world’s
people
Different Types of MapsDifferent Types of Maps
1. General purpose – shows a wide range of general information
2. Physical map – shows natural features
3. Political map – shows places that people have created
4. Special-purpose – shows information on specific topics
Mercator Projection-Mercator Projection-shows accurate land shapes but not accurate size and distance
Most popular; Most incorrect; distorted; Greenland and Alaska are huge on the map.
Interrupted Projection – Interrupted Projection – Mercator’s as a cut-up sphere; shows size more accurate but
difficult to calculate distances
Robinson projection – Robinson projection – gives fairly accurate view of most sizes, shapes, and directions; shows a fairly accurate picture of the relationship between land masses and
water; used more than the interrupted
Landforms and WaterLandforms and Water
TributariesTributariessmall waterways that feed
into larger watersi.e. creeks into rivers
TopographyTopographystudy of the surface; “top” of the earth
Elevation – height above sea level
Relief – difference in height
CLIMATE
Exit Slip: Match the description to the correct term
Address Culture Manmade lake
Similar characteristics Immigration States outlined
landforms defined Population map
Like a flatten globe correct sizes and shapes
accurate shapes but not sizes
1. Mercator 6. Special Purpose2. Interrupted 7. Location3. Robinson 8. Place4. Physical 9. Region5. Political 10. Movement
11. Human/Environment Interaction