REPUBLIC OF BOTSWANA

ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

DEPARTMENT

FOR THE YEAR

1975

PRICI,: ;)0 thebe

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PRIKTED BY THE GOVERKMEl'\T PRIl'\TER, GABOROKE, BOTSW,\l\A

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TRAINING I

DRILLER TRAINING SCHEME Instructors (2)

IN-SERVICE TRAINING Cartographers Technical Assistants

ADMINISTRATION Administrative officer (I) Senior Supplies officer Executive officer (3) Transport officer (!)

STAFF

STORES

I TRANSPORT

I REGISTRY

I ACCOUNTS

TYPING I PUBLICATION SALES

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF BOTSWANA - ORGANIZATION CHART

REGIONAL MAPPING Principal Geologist (I)

, Geologist (4) I

FIELD MAPPING

I REGIONAL STUDIES AND COMPILATIONS

I GEOTECHNICAL SURVEYS

I GEOCHRONOLOGY

I MINERALOGY / PETROLOGY

MUSEUM :

REMOTE S

GEOTECHNICAL DRILLING

STRATIGRAPHIC DRILLING

DI RECTOR ___________

DEPUTY 61RECTOR ___________ I ASSISTANT DIRECTOR I

OPERATIONAL DIVISIONS I TECHNICAL SERVICE BRANCHES

HYDROGEOLOGY Principal Geologist tIl Geologists (3)

I

REGIONAL HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER RESOURCE ASSESSMENT

I BORE HOLE PRODUCTION

ADMINISTRATION I

WATER BORE HOLE RECORDS

I JOINT WATER COMMITTEES

I SPECIAL WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS

I SLUDGE SAMPLE REPOSITORY

DRILLING BRANCH Drill Superintendent (I) Drillers and Technical Support staff (22)

I WATER BORE HOLE DRILLING

PUMP TESTS ETC.

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY Assistant Director (J) Geologists (4)

ADVISORY BUREAU ON MINERAL DEVELOPMENT

I EXECUTION Of PROSPECTING

LICENCES

I MINERAL INVESTIGATIONS

I REGIONAL GEOCHEMISTRY

I PROSPECTING RECORDS

I PRIVATE SECTOR MONITORING

I INDUSTRIAL' MINERALS

I CORE REPOSITORY

MINERAL EXPLORATION DRILLING

I

CHEMISTRY LABORATORY Sen ior Chemist (I) Chemists (2) Laboratory Technician (2)

I

GEOPHYSICS Senior Geophysicist (I) Geophysicist (I) Electronics Technician (!) Scientific Assistants (8)

I

DRAWING OFFICE Senior Cartographer (J) Cartographer (2) Drafting stoff (5)

I LAPIDARY W(lRKSHOP l I

LIBRARY. EDITORIAL TECHNICAL RECORDS

Technical Records officer (I)

J

1. GENERAL

1.1 Introduction

The Geological Survey Department at Lobatse continued to be, administratively, part of the Ministry of Mineral Resources and vlater Affairs in Gaborone.

'rhe Department has, as its primary function, the responsibility for gathering data on all aspects of the rocks and minerals of Bots1fana with the ultimate 8.im of encoure.ging the controlled exploi t­ation of mineral resources, including underground vlater. The data collected is dissemin2.ted in the form of regional geological maps, vlhich, with accompanying reports serve as an inventory of the country's mineral resources. The Economic Geology Division i>lorks in close cooperation "ith the Regional Mapping Division and is responsible for supervision of private-sector prospecting as vlell as for making its Ovm surveys of economic deposits.

Since underground "ater is a mineral, responsibility for its location and evalu.otion lies Vli th the Department's Hydrogeology Division. Siting of vlater boreholes, chiefly by geophysical exploration, is followed by drilling by Government or contracted drilling machines. Successful holes are equipped and maintained by the Department of Water Affairs. The Hydrogeologica.l Division is also committed to a research programme aimed at regional evaluation of 10ng-terlll ground"ater resources.

The highlight of 1975 viaS probably the commencement of an airborne magnetic survey financed under a loan agreement between the Government of Bots"ana and the Canadian International Develop­ment Agency. This important survey is expected to considerably improve knovlledge of the rock distribution and structure concealed beneath the Kalahari Sand blanket.

102 Summary of Year's work

Dr. G. Ro Jones assumod directorship of the Department on secondment from the British Civil Service early in January having formerly occupied. the post of Deputy Director to May 1974. The functioning of the Depc.rtment "as revievled and a number of orga.{,.isational changes "ero introduced where it viaS thought efficiency and output could be improved. The general strategy and long-term planning remained essentially unchanged, except in the field of regional exploration VJhere a revised programme of systematic ma"pping \.'li th emphasis on georesources "\'Jas introduced and a long-term plan for the exploration of the Kalahari, based on folloVl-up of the national aeromagnetic and gravity surveys, was draVJn upo

Organisation of the Dep:crtment has been rationalised in the form set out in Figo 10 The three main operational divisions,

1 . ..• /2

Economic Geology, Regional Mapfing and Hydrogeology, are supported by six technical service branches and an administrative wing. The technical service branches provide technological support for the operational divisions. In addition, services are supplied to other Government departments, the private sector and the public, where appropriate. Research is also c[~ried on in applied geoscience not necessarily associated with the production and research work of the operational divisionso The effectiveness of the Administrative Wing still falls well below the level where by professional and technical officers Can devote full time to their proper duties. In an attempt to improve this situation, additional senior posts in finance and supplies "ere approved, but the posts had not been filled by the end of the year.

The staffing situation other"ise remained fairly good through­out the year. T,IO vacancies for geologist "ere reserved for filling under v/est German aid and one post "as reserved for a local geologist scheduled to return in 1976. Due to housing shortage, four vacant posts of Drill Foreman "ere frozen by Presidential Directive.

Th.e rate of localisation of professional and technical posts remains very slo" due to the lack of qualified Bats"anao One post of senior geologist Vias filled by a citizen and a further citizen returned from the United Kingdom with chemist's qualifications o The local senior hydrogeologist Vias promoted to acting Principal Geologist, Hydrogeological Division, in October.

38 out of 41 professional and technical posts were filled by expatriates during the year. This situation results in a fairly rapid turnover of staff, as expatriates tend to stay in Botswana for only one or two tours o No improvement can be expected until the Dep,xtment is fully localised. During the last tVlo years, aid from overseas has been diverse and during 1975 posts were filled by exp8triates recruited under seven different terms of' service. Although there were advantages to be gained by the wide experience and rapid replacements that this situation provided, widely differ­ing terms of overseas service and disparities in pay scales caused some discontent amongst expe.triate staff Vlhich led to an increas-ing lack of coherence in the Department 0 The situation was further aggravated for several months during the year by the shortage of housing in Lobatse o In this context, it is unfOrtunate that changing Government policy on the allocation of housing has not allo"ed the' Department to retain housing for Vlhich it planned and sought financial provision in the pE.st. It is to be further regretted that the Department is no longer represented on the neVlly-constituted Lobatse Housing Allocation Committee, to "hich body it had been co-opted since 1950.

Planning and administrE.tion of the Depfl;rtment's routine, research and development work Vias the main preoccupation of the Director. In addition, the Director is responsible for that side of mineral concession administration involving negotiations "ith mining companies interested in mineral exploration, the issu.e of special prospecting licences, the monitoring of company prospect­ing and advising GoV'ernment on mineral development policy.

2.

Although the effects of global recession >lere felt in Bots>lana and there >laS some adverse reaction from the mining sector to Government's tougher stand on mineral exploitation, considerable activity continued in the exploration field. This >laS directed mainly at coal, diamonds and base-metals prospecting, but tOlfards the end of the year it appeared that a breakthrough >las imminent on plans to develop the vast and important brine deposits of the Makgadikgadi basin. The revived interest in exploration follo>l­ing improvement in ,l8stern economies led to applications for several ne>l prospecting licences in December. The results from the large acreage let to energy companies for coal prospecting sho;;ed that, although vast resourCes of coal exist under the Kalahari, the quality is mainly poor and the seams lie at depths >lhich preclude opencast mining. As a result, t;;o concessions >lere terminated and attention ;;as dralfU increasingly to the t>lO State reserves at Morupule and Mmamabula as the only areas >lhere early exploitation of coal on a major scale appears possibleo

A coal consultancy report prepared by Po;;ell Duffryn/NCB and sponsored by the U.K. Ministry of Overseas Development assisted Government in appraising the coal potential in Bots>lana and >lill provide the basis for a coal mining policy in the future.

In addition to visiting the Shell and BP coal concessions, the Director inspected diamond exploration activities at the De Beers Prospecting Bots>lana (pty) Ltd. grant areas in the Western Ng;;aketse (J;;aneng) and in the Kgalagadi (Middelpits)o A visit was also paid to Selibe-Pib18 and a talc prospect >lest of Kanyeo On three such ocoasions the Director or Assistant Director >las accompanied by the Minister for Mineral Resources and Water Affairs and the Permanent Secretaryo

Much of the routine administration connected >lith private sector vlOrk is carried out by the Economic Geology Division and a programme >las introduced >lhereby the 27 mineral exploration concessions operative during the year >lere visited at least t>lice by Departmental staff. The Division's three geologists also undertook investigations into iron ore deposits in the Central District and the mineralisation associated l<ith Gaborone grani teo Clay and limestone deposits for industrial development >lere investigated and vlOrk continued on the compilation of a geochemical atlas.

In the Regional Mapping Division, a programme directed towards the revision mapping and publication of standard l:125 000 geological sheets for the entire eastern strip waS implemented. Three geologists initiated a t>lo-year programme in the Mahalapye area l<here only one published standard sheet is available. In addition, geologists of the Division, assisted by geophysicists, >le re inVOlved in geotechnical surveys for environment planning at Mahalapye, Sero>le, Kasane and Duk>le (Sua Proj ect)

The capacity of the Hydrogeology Division was severely limited by the shortage of staff throughout the year, and it became necessary to plan a contract siting programme for cnrly 1976 0 The Division

3.

"las able to continue with regional evaluation of ground'lvater potential in parts of the Southern, Central and Kweneng Districts, and assist&'1ce in similar matters waS provided to the Sua Project. One hydrogeologist became increasingly involved in prepatory work for a national underground water evaluation project to begin under technioal assistanoe in 1976. A study Has initiated on the chemistry and pollution of groundwaters and the programme of dating groundwaters continued o

The Department I s water-well drilling capacity was supplemented throughoLlt the year by the contract drilling scheme, and a team of Royal Engineers well drillers undertook an overseas training exercise in Botswana between August and November, during >!hich seven boreholes were drilled with equipment loaned by the DepalCtmento The Driller Training Scheme completed its second full year of training and tVlO training rigs were operated by the trainees o

There Has continued progress throughout the year with a number of capital-fLlnded projects. To assist in mineral exploration in the deeply sand-covered areas, Hhere conventional diamond drilling is technically extremely difficult, a multi-purpose rig WaS ordered under the Mineral Exploration Project, GS 010 All compilation Vlork on the National Gravity Survey, GS 05, was completed and reports and maps were prepared for printingo The Building Programme, GS 08, encountered problems through lack of funds, but the construction of a modern Drawing Office and of 12 Field Equipment Lockers commenced. A project memorandum for a National Underground vlater Evaluation study, GS 11, "Ias compiled and p:reparatory counterpart activities commenced. An Aeromagnetic Survey, GS 12, of 80 per cent of the country covered by Kalahari sands started in October and some two-thirds of the 150 000 line kilometres had been flown by the year's end" Project Memoranda Here also compiled for a Rock Dressing Laboratory, GS 11, and a Ground\fater Evaluation of the Okavango Delta, GS 13 ",ere also drawn up, but lack of funds prevented these projects being implemented. A further four development projects >!ere conceived and progress waS made tow'lrds defining these in terms of project memoranda.

The activities of the Department were again demonstrated to the public at the Gaborone Trade Fiar in Julyo The frequency of parties of students visiting the Department increased and a number of lectures were given to schools and other organisations.

The Director visited Canada to negotiate a loan agreement and sign the contract for the Aeromagnetic Survey in July and also visited the British Petroleum Research Laboratories a~d the Ministry of Overseas Development in the United Kingdom during the same month"

Dro Co Ro Jones returned to the Department as Director in January on secondment from LG.S., London o

4.

Dr. R, D, Walshaw cea:3ed to act as Director on Dr. Jones' return and reverted to his substantive post of Deputy Director. He departed on overseas leave in December.

Mr. L. G. Hut ton, Senior Chemist, acted as Dcputy Dircctor during Dr, Walshaw's absence on lea're, Dr. J" W. Baldock, Assistant Director departed in August at the end of his tour of secondment from I.G.S.

Dr. J. C. Davies, recruited through the Canadian International Development Agency, joi'1ed the Department as Principal Geolo,",ist in February and WaS transferred to the post of Assistant Director in August. Dr, D, G. Gould, Geologist returned from overseas leave in January for a second tour of secondment from 1.G.S.

Dr. R. M, Key, Geologist returned for a second tour on second­ment having joined I.G.S.

Mr. J, M. Coates, Geologist depa"ted on overseas leave in March and returned in July.

Dr, I. F, Ermanovics, Geologist, began a two year tour of secondment from the Canadian International Development Agency in July,

Mr. R. J, Peart, Geologist (Geophysicist), joined the Department on secondment from I.G.S. in August.

Dr, M. L. Litherland, Geologist, departed in August on complet­ion of his tour of secondment from LG.S.

Mr. R. J, Malejane returned to the DepartmeClt in January as thc first qualified Mots>lana chemist after a t\fO year training period in the United Kingdom.

~Ir. J. Davies, Scientific Assistant, departed on completion of contract in Augusto

Mr, R. I,. F. Alley, Cartographer, arrived on first appointment in August.

Mr, P. Herbert, ScientifiC Assistant, joined the Department in April as an I.V.S. Volunteero

Mr. E. Milner, Senior Technical Officer (Electronics), arrived in May"

Mr. P. J. Murphy, Senior Diamond Driller, began on OSAS contract in ApriL He departed on compassionate leave to the UK in ~Iay but failed to return. His contract 'laS terminated o

~Ir. C. R. Phillips 'laS appointed as a Drilling Instructor in May but after the departure of P. J. Murphy, >!as given the post of Senior Diamond Drillero The vacancy for Drilling Instructor 1'/aS then fil.lcd by the promotion of Mr. D. S. Duke, Drill F'o.:'cmano

40 UJ\DERGROUND WATER DEVELOPKENT

4.1 Geological Survey Activities

4.1. 2

4.10 3

Mro So A. Holmberg, a UN appointee, handed over effective headship of the Hydrogeology Division to a local officer and continued to a.ct as adviser until his dep8rture in Febru8ry 1976.

During the year the Principal Geologist Hydrogeology Has visited by Dro Kanguatj ivi, UNOTC Programme Officer for Botsvlana, and subsequently by Dr. Leohnert, from EGA Natural Resources Division, Addis Ababa.

A considerab10 portion of the Principal Geologist's time was spent attending liaison meetings with C cntral Government, Local Government and other agencies. Owing to shortage of staff it became necessary for Mr. S. Ao Holmberg to site borcholes often at very short notice.

Borehole cD.talogues were compiled for all major villages and Districts 8,nd the division cor,tinued to advise Government and Councils on technical aspects of water develormeht; especially those aspects related to implemer:tation of the Tribal Grazing Land Policy.

Western Ngwaketse

Mro lan Gale selected. 21 borehole sites and continued to supervise the private drilling contractor.

SeroVle Proj ect

Mr. Bo Motsete selected sites for six production boreholes for the Serowe Village water reticulE-tion scheme, utilising hydrogeological data end electrical resistivity. The pumptest on borehole 3106 was studied in much detail and found to be unique with 8. yield of 4 500 gph and drawdown of only 204 metres.

Sua Pan Project

Six sites for exploration water boreholes were selected by geophysics surveys in the area eTound Dukwe gate for the Sua Pan Project township and abattoir \'later supply. Further work in the area was continued by SViECO, a Swedish Consulting firm under contract to the Sua Project Management Unit.

§outhern District

Mr. lan Gale analysed ground"later potential for the Southern District and presented a report, with a type programme, to the

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4.1.5

4.1. 6

4.1.7

4.1.8

4.1.9

committee for Tribal Grazing Land Development Scheme. Mr, S, A. Holmberg selected sites for vmter boreholes at Manyana, Mmankgodi and Lotlhakane.

Machaneng, N.W, District and FrancistoVln

Mr. Jeff Davies completed siting of boreholes at Machaneng and North West District and produced reports for the Ministry of Agriculture and Roads Department. High yielding boreholes "ere selected by means of magnetoffieter traverses in the Somerset area of Francistown. One borehole selected by Mr. S. A. Holmberg yielded 12 000 gph.

Kgatleng

Borehole siting for the Bodungwane Livestock Project waS undertaken by J. Davies and P. Herbert. Mr. S, A. Holmberg selected borehole sites for Bokaa and Pilane villages.

Kweneng

Mr. S, A. Holmberg selected sites at Thamaga village.

Ghanzi District and Degree Square 2524

Three boreholes "ere sited for the Ministry of Agriculture in the Ghanzi District. T"o boreholes "ere required for trek routes and ono for a proposed fattening ranch.

The Ministry of Agricul till'e requested an estimate of the ground"ater potential in the area east of the Molopo Farms. Existing data were collected, plotted and a preliminary evaluation of ground water potential made.

GS 10

1:125 000 vlater Source Location Maps

Master transparencies of all degree squares mapped, at this scale, have been produced and plotting of borehole locations and cut lines completed.

vlork commenced on production of maps for the "est ern part of the Central District. As there are no sui table maps for this area the maps v!ill be produced from the 1974 serial photo­graphy at 1:40 000 and then reduced to 1:125 000.

Hydrogeological data on sheet 2524 ,,&S collected and plotted to give an estimate of the groundwater potential area for the Southern District Council.

18.

4.1010

Data Collection by District Councils

Data and water sample collection WaS carried out by teams working in various districts of the country and a start has been made at correlation with existing data and plotting of boreholes.

~Iiscellaneous

Routine water rest level measurements were carried out under the supervision of Mr. Ian Gale in the Lobatse, Serowe, K;!eneng and Orapa areaS.

In tense nitrate pollution was reported by the Senior Chemist in boreholes situated in the centre of Serowe Village. A detailed report v/as presented to the Natural Resources Technical Committee for action.

4.2 Drilling Branch Activities

During 1975, a total depth of 4 286 metres waS drilled by the Department's Drilling Branch, ;!hile 14 379 metres were drilled under contre,ct to government. The depth drilled by government riGS increased with the acquisition of a Schramm rig. Six drill­ing rigs including the SchramID, were operational during the year and were supported by t;!O training rigs.

Only two boreholes were drilled by government for private farmers as the Borehole Group was compelled to rule that government rigs are not to drill public boreholes until the backlog in drilling boreholes is diminished. A total of 61 boreholes were drilled by government with 38 successful; and 136 boreholes with 112 successful were drilled under contract. A record success rate of 76 per cent was achieved by employing more scientific borehole siting methods.

Phasing out of contract drilling commenced during the latter part of the year as the backlog in borehole drilling diminished.

The Geological Survery Department assigned two percussion rigs and the Schramm rig to Duk;!e but the Schramm ;!as later returned to Francisto,m o;!ing to unstable ground conditions.

A departmental Geophysicist ;!as assigned full time to Duk"e to assist in locating structures by geophysical techniques for the Sua project. Nine boreholes "ere completed for purposes of groundwater exploration of the project area.

The Royal Engineers completed five boreholes along the Gaborone!Molepolole road under British Aid. Only tv/O of these ,/ere successful. The low success VIaS due to the absence of water bearing aquifers in the predominantly granite formation of the eastern Kweneng o Other Roads Department boreholes "ere

drilled along LObatse/Kanye Road (one successful) Ramatlabama/ Kanye Road (one successful). Three drilling attempts were unsuccessful on the Sebina-Tutume Roado The reaSon for the high percentage of unsuccessful drilling is that along all these roads the underlying rock is either solid granite, quartzite or felsi teo

Two rigs completed the drilling of 15 boreholes at Kuli­Nojane area for cattle ranch developmento The Kuli-Nojane field appears to have abundant groundwater supplies. vlater was struck in the Karroo sandstones and the quality is in most Cases suitable for human consumptiono

Drilling of 20 boreholes under contract was completed under the supervision of Nro ran Gale.

The Schramm rig drilled five, high-yielding boreholes in the Somerset area of Francistown with yields ranging from 820 gph to 12 000 gph. The target of increasing the town supply by 250 000 gph "as achieved.

Five successful boreholes "ere drilled by the Schramm rig for the Sero>le Water Supply Scheme. It >lill be necessary to add more casing in certain boreholes as a safeguard against pollution.

Statistics of boreholes drilled are given in Appendices 4 and 50

20.

and the field bases, and ensuring that supplies of aviation fuel were available at the operational airfields. In addition to ensuring that the facilities to be provided by the Government 1>l8re coordinated with the requirements of the contractor, the Liaison Officer was also responsible for the verification of data quality.

The analogue data, film and tapes ",ere delivered to Lobatse .from the operational areas at regular intervals. The analogue recordings "'ere checked for magnetometer noise and sections of lines ",ith an excessive noise enveloped marked for reflights. In Case "'here the noise envelope "'as marginal the magnetic tapes 1>l8re sent to Johannesburg to obtain computer printouts. Analysis of the printouts enabled the noise envelope to be determined more accurately and ensured that the digital recording equipment "'as working satisfactorily. Flight Path verification was handled in the field and then plotted accurately in Lobatse before transferring to 125 000 Landsat imagery 0

Once the Liaison Officer ",as satisfied of the data quality and the flight path recovery, the flights were accepted and passed for interim payment. All invoices received from Terra Surveys were certified by the Liaison Officer before payment.

·6.3 Underground ilater Evaluation GS 10

The pre-project phase commenced on July 1st 1975 and involved the colle.tion and reassessment of all relevant data within the department. Mr. Pea:rt took over the responsibilities of this project upon his arrival in August. Geophysical data related to underground water development 1>l8re filed according to districts for :ready access and their value assed.

A bibliography of inte:rnal reports, related to underground ",ater investigations, using geophysical methods, was compiled.

6 0 4 Sua Pro,ject

Mr. R. Peart spent over six "eeks in the Duk",e area siting boreholes for the Sua Development project. The survey concentrated on probable faults and a wide variety of geophysical methods "ere utilised to locate the fault zones. Several sites "ere selected and the drilling results are a1>laited before resuming field 1>lOrk in the Ne", Year.

6 0 5 Geotechnical Surveys

Mr. Hutchins conducted seismic refraction profiles for the Sua and Mahalapye Geotechnical Surveyso In March thirty reversed refraction profiles "'ere conducted using the Huntec FS 3 seismograph to determine the depth of soil/superficial cover and where possible the thickness of ",eathered bedrock. Addi tionc: l seismic coverage in the Dukvl8 area was conducted in June.

26.

A geotechnical survey of the Mahalapye area waS conducted in late June/early July. Seismic refraction profiles were con­ducted to indicate the thickness of superficial cover.

60 6 National and Kalatraverse Gravity Surveys

Throughout the year Mro C. V. Reeves computed the data at Leeds University. The final National Gravity and Kalatraverse listings were received in November. The National Gravity Survey Report ,"as edited and publication was envisaged in early 1976. The Kalatraverse gravity survey interpretation and final report cras due for completion before the end of March 1976.

6.7 Equipment and Electronics Workshop.

The arrival of Mr. Milner and the subsequent purchase of a function generator, frequency counter and oscilloscope enabled most of the department's geophysical and electronics equipment to be repaired at Lobatse.

Two battery packs for the Varian M50 magnetometers were received in November and the instruments serviced for field use. One McPhar GP 70 proton magnetometer was purchased in June and used on the Sua project and in the Mmamabula area by Mr. Coates o

The Gearhart OV18n well logger ViaS fully serviced and was due to become fully operational on receipt of spares ordered from U.S.A.

A McPhar 50 3E resistivity system v/as received in December and tested for field use o

One of the Sperry Land Navigators waS installed in EX 309A. This installation waS delayed due to lengthy servicing at C.T.O. Gaborone. The other navigator .will be installed in the neVl Land Rover BX 3955, after its release from the aeromagnetic survey.

6.8 Localisation and Training

Mr. Betsho and ~lr. Loabile joined the department direct from school and attended the VTC on day release. During the year they were involved with field proj ects and in service training will continue until the qualifications obtained from VTC enable them to attend technical courses overseas. In December, Mr. Loabile was assigned to the electronics workshop so that he could concentrate on his studies.

27.

Samples Determinations

Sodium Carbonate Crust 1 18 Mro To Dincer (UNDP /FAO MAUN)

(c) Miscellaneous 18 18 Specific Gravity

Total 160 401

'1rater Analysis

Analysis of >later borehole samples >las again the major routine analytical >mrk, both as part of a long term programme of investigation into the composition and geochemistry of ground>laters in Bots>lana, and also for the immediate assess­ment of the potability of supplies developed during underground l;ater development >lorl,o

Assis tance >las given to the follo;ling proj ects:

(a) Tona E8Xth Resource Associates - analysis of over 100 samples from Francisto;m to Nata road projecto

(b) Nuclear Physics Research Unit - age dating of borehole >laters.

(c) Okavango Investigations by UNDP /FAO Team in Maun -analysis of 30 1'1aters and their interpretation, -guidance on field methods of analysis.

Assistance >las also given on several smaller projects such as Pik>le effluent ponds, dissolved silica in river >later ect.

With the higher number of samples submitted and a re­appraisal of methods being made the follo"ing methods "ere developed:

(a) Calcium and Magnesium determination by A.A. S. using potassium chloride as an ionisation suppressor.

(b) Nitrate determination by specific ion electrode and also colorimetrically >lith sodium salicylate.

(c) Dissolved silica determination by ammonium molybdate.

(d) Nitrite determination colorimetricallyo

A portable bacterial tester ,/as obtained during 1976 and >lill be used to provide field checks of bacterial pollution.

Several computer programmes ;Iere >lri tten by Mr. Wo J. Le>lis to speed up the calcUlation of results of the "ater analyses using the He>llett Packard 9830A Desk Top computer. Junior staff \Vere trained in the use of the computer to perform these calculat­ions and much time l'laS saved.

30.

9.1. 3

9.1.4

The numbers of water samples analysed were:-

No. of Samples Determinations

Effluent Sampled 50 150

vlater Samples 1 108 13 406

Total 1 158 13 556

Air Pollution Analysis

The Department of Mines holds responsibility for Botswana's Clean Air Programme. With the departure of the Air Pollution Control Inspector in March 1975 and the Air Pollution Control Officer in August the project lost much of its impetus.

Samples are collected monthly by the Mines Department technical assistants and analysed for sulphur oxide levels by Geological Survey. Mr. Hutton visited Pikwe in May to install weather frames at candle sites and serviced the two continuous sulphur dioxide monitors. The maintenance of the moni tors was discontinued in June because of lack of spares and time.

Four reports were written by Mr. Hutton and Mr. W. J. Le'lis including an address to the Natural Resources Technical Committee by Mr. Hutton.

The analysis of dust fallout was discontinued in April after a full three year period.

The numbers of samples analysed were:-

No. of Samples Determinations

Dust Fallout 33 231

Sulphur Oxides 169 169

Total 202 400

Geochemical Analysis

With the completion of the instrument laboratory in MIJ,¥, geochemical analysis was resumed. The U.B.L.S. studcnts and technical assistants under the supervision of Mr. J. vi. Lewis and latterly Mr. R. J. Malejane made determinntions of copper, lead, nickel, cobalt, silver, zinc and chromium.

310

I:

9.1. 5

I I I

The de terminations belovr do not include repeated samples or control standard and control samples.

Pro.j ect Samples Determinations

Dr. Gould, Geochemical Atlas 1 800 8 929

Dr, Marengvra, Gaborone Granite 2 040 10 200

Dr, Litherland, Kalkfontein 750 3 750

Dr, Key 100 500

Mrs Hutton (Ferricretes) 60 360

4 750 23 739

Underground Water Resources Evaluation (GSIO)

In July 1975 the Pre-Project phase of GSIO vraS started and Mr, L. G, Hutton began assessing the extant chemical data on borehole vraters,

An assessment of the Serovre groundvrater regime vras made to test the methodology and to probe any difficulties that might arise vrhen checking older data,

The study shoVled several preliminary difficulties:­

(a) The older sulphate figures are inaccurate

(b) Calcium and magnesium determinations using the E.D.T.A. method are inaccurate

(c) Nitrates occur in groundvraters

To counteract these difficulties the barium chloride precipitation method vraS introduced. Calcium and magnesium "ere determined using the A.A.S. and nitrates determined colorimetrically,

The use of Piper trilinear diagrams and Schoeller diagrams to study the data vras explained by Dr, E, p, Loehnert of U.N.E.C .A. and has proved very ,rorthvrhile in delineating "recharged" water on the basis of chemical variations,

The age dating vrork with N.P.R.U. continued and enhanced the value of the chemical data assessed.

The Hevrlett Packard 9830A vras used to avoid tedious calCUlations of equivalent per million values and Mr, Lewis undertook to liaise ,ri th the Government Computor Bureau about a possible on-line terminal at the Geological Survey for data storage and recovery.

APPENDIX 4

Statistics of Drilling Operations carried out by the Drilling Branch and Under Contract during 1975 N.B. Boreholes for which no pumping rate is quoted in Appendix 5 are assumed to be unsuccessful.

. M lfl ,s +'

'" '" '" '" M " <!l <!l ID lfl M " '" '0 0 M M M C> 0 ... lfl C> 0 0 0 M .<1 lfl (}) " '0

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rl " ,.-i " " " W :> " ,.-i 'H 'H 0 e o C> o 0 °M~ OM OM OM " C> "

'" w+' WO W " '" .<1 w H W ~ ~, ,.-i '" oM

El W " W

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C> '" '0 ID '" lfl '0 lfl 'D co .0 El

0 C> C> ID+' ID '" M C> H ID H ID C> C> C> ()) C> .<1'0 ."?H 0 g ~ o 0 o C> '" e o~ o H .<1+' ,.-i H rl H rl H

C> '" o OM O+' 0 '" +' ID ,.-i +' rl+' rl+' H+' "'''' '" " H " H " " 0 Wrl 'O'd "';,;: OM ID OM C> OM C> o lfl §<'" +' " Ul C> lfl+' '" :> " '" '" <!)- H;';: H;';: H;';: '" <!) 0 ,.-i " lfl oM lfl IDrJl ID 0 '0 "'- 'O~ '" ~ +' '" '" OM 0 'H 0 e;...; .t-! 'H H 0 " OM 'H <D '" H .<1 00 OA o P. rl 0 . ill1 ,.-i .<1 lfl .<1 lfl .<1 lfl o H H H

+' ID '" g ~ '" +' " +' ID +' C> O>+' lfl H • H • H • H +'

'" 0 +' p.,.-i p.,.-i p.,.-i .'0 +' oM

°rl 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 0 "A .0 Q) 0 ID 0 ID 0 C> 0 ,g 8 '" ~1 A '" z"-' Z'" Z'" 8 p~ ,,8 8 A.<1 A.<1 A.<1 ""-

Central 71 18 12 30 41 5820 3052 2768 31 7233 Ghanzi 25 5 5 2l 1 4771 783 3988 991 Kgalagadi 10 1 1 9 988 37 951 460 Kgatleng 12 5 5 7 3 1660 441 1219 768 Kweneng 14 5 5 9 5 1759 477 1161 120 2020 North-East 34 8 1 9 25 1 3160 1066 2058 42 2478 North-West 16 6 1 7 9 1 746 257 489 1347 South-East 1 1 135 135 54 Southern 39 1 1 38 2 5625 85 5467 72 968

TOTAL 223 37 26 63 160 13 24699 6197 18237 265 16318 Drilled by Government 57 13 12 25 32 9 7266 3182 3891 193 6215 Drilled by Contractors 166 24 14 38 128 4 17433 3015 14347 72 10103

APPENDIX 5

DETAILS OF BOREHOLES DRILLED DURING 1975

Total Depth Static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water Water Yield Quality Geology Number Struck Level (l/min) (m) (m) (m) ( TDS/PPM)

2858 Kuli Nojane Ghanzi IPMU 1692 132 77 Good Ghanzi Sandstone

2859 Kuli Nojane Ghanzi IPMU 189 146 142 46 Good Mudstone (Karroo?)

44 2860 Matebeleng Kgatleng Council 156 66 20 80 Good Gaborone Granite

122

2861 26km North of North-West Veterinary 81.4 Kalahari sands Nokaneng and Clays

2862 Gamare North-vi est Council 33.5 9.1 7 136 1596 Kalahari sands and Clays

2863 Gomare North-West Council 34 27 Kalahari sands

2864 36km North of North-West Veterinary 64.3 Kalahari sand Tsau

2865 Gomare-Sepopa North-West Veterinary 7.0 58 52 15 Saline Kalahari sand

2866 Nokaneng North-West Council 40 29 26 114 496 Kalahari sand

2867 Gomare-Sepopa North-West Veterinary 74 67 52 8 10244 Kalahari sand

2868 Tsau-Nokaneng North-West Veterinary 53 43 30 340 Kalahari sand

2869 Bopelo (Kodumelapye) Kweneng COU1l.cil 239 123 122 45 Good Waterberg Sand-Molepolole stone

2870 Sekuma Ng>raketse Agriculture 142 88 88 102 3192 Karroo Sandstone

2871 25km West of Ngwaketse Agriculture 154 82 79 Saline Karroo Sandstone/ Mabutsane Dolerite

2872 Morwamusu Ngwaketse Agriculture 152 107 67 53 10608 Karroo Sandstone/ Dolerite

2873 Pitsakgolo Ngwaketse Agriculture 152 101 96 68 Saline Karroo Sandstone

Total Depth static vi ater

Official Locality District Customer

Water Water Yield Quality Geology

Number Depth Struck Level (l/min)

(ill ) (m) (m) ( TDS/PPM)

2874 Fox <'an vlest Ngwaketse Council 72 Abandoned ?

2875 20 miles North of Ngvlaketse Agriculture 152 103 105 9 12500 ? Mabutsane

2876 Morvla Kgatleng Council ? 30 31 11 ?

2877 Motok"e K~reneng Council Abandoned ?

2878 Motok"e Kifeneng Council 160 119 115 120 Good Karroo

2879 Radisele Central Council 38 14 5 227 Good v/aterberg

2880 Makoro Central Council 169 49 35 2 Saline D"Yka

14 2881 Lentswe-La-Mori ti Central Council 165 21 5 +379 Good Cave Sandstone

37 152

2882 Maun North-West Council 30 11 3 195 492 Kalahari Beds

2883 Maun North-1'/est C01.U1cil 30 10 4 195 Good Kala-loari Beds

2884 Maun North-West Council 30 9 4 195 664 Kalahari Beds

2885 Maun North-v/est Council 30 11 4 195 Good Kalahari Beds

2886 Pila11e Kgatleng Council Abadoned

12 2887 Buffles-Drift Central Customs 105 18 12 91 828 Waterberg Shales

88 and Sands tones

2888 Sha.kwe Central Council 26 Basement gneiss

2889 'palapye Central Council 136.3 11403 8.8 12808 Good Waterberg Sand-stone

2890 NV1!lber Not Allocated

2891 Tsau Horth-West Council 33.5 20.4 15 06 2207 492 Kalahari Beds

2892 Tsau North-West Council 42.7 33.5 24.4 ? Kalahari Beds

2893 Tsau-Nokaneng North-West Veterinary 36.6 24.4 18.6 ? Kalahari Beds

Total Depth Static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water v/ ater Yield

Quality Geology Number Struck Level (l/min) (m) (m) (m) ( TDS/pPM)

2894 Xai-Xai North-v/est Council 64.0 45.7 7.6 227 Good Damara Amphi bol-ite

2900 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2901 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2902 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 187.8 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2903 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 131.1 85.3 77.7 15.2 Fresh Ghanzi Quartz-88.4 ites

2904 Kalkfon te in Ghanzi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2905 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 157.6 Ghanzi Quartzites

2906 Kalkfon tein Ghanzi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartzites

2907 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 262.1 Ghanzi Quartzites

2908 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 214.0 Ghanzi Quartzites

2909 Kalkfon te in Ghanzi IP~!u 304.8 Ghanzi Quartzites

51.8 2910 Rasesa Kgatleng Council 79.2 62.2 42.2 80 1080 Waterberg

74.7

2911 Bokspits Kgalagadi Council ? ? ? ? 852

2912 Motlhaba Kgalagadi Council 170 152 121 76 Good ? Sandstone

2913 Shaln'le Central Council 64 3.7 3.0 272.8 776 Basement Complex 24.4 Gneiss

2915 Hukuntsi Kgalagadi Council 33.8 12.2 10 40 Good Kalahari Clays

2917 Gabane Kweneng Council Abadoned

2918 Boeshoek Kgalagadi IPMU

=~,"",=--""""",~~..=~="""'=>=~-F'·~"'/="""'M~='"'",·/",,,,'-~e-.-----'~'

Total Depth Static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water Water Yield Quality Geology Number (m) Struck Level (l/min) ( TDS/pPM) (m) (m)

2919 Ramonaka Kgatleng COilllcil 38 14 12 300 Good Pegmatitic 21-24 Granite

2920 Vaal Roek Kgalagadi IPMU 94 18 18 31 Saline ? Sandstone

2921 Makoro Central COilllcil 152.4 64.0 36.9 151.5 Good Dl''Yka-Lower Ecca

2922 Rukuntsi Kgalagadi Council 33.6 10 10 35 Good Kalahari Clay

2923 Mabutsane Ng'laketse Agriculture 213.4 112.8 100.6 95.5 13229 Ecca Sandstone

24.9 2924 Serowe Central Council 183.6 62.5 18.8 191. 3 500 Dolerite and Cave

76.2 Sandstone

2925 Lone Tree Kgalagadi COilllcil 152.2 115 115 60 Good Karroo Sandstone

2926 No Details

2927 Tswaanyaneng Barolong COilllcil 114.3 Granite

2928 No Details

2929 Mabutsane Ng"aketse Agriculture 152.4 Dolerite

2930 Tsabong Kgalagadi Council 36.6 27.4 21. 3 140.9 Good Waterberg Quartzite

2931 Ghanzi Ghanzi IPMU 49.5 21.5 18.5 80 Ghanzi Quartzite

2932 Kuli-Noj ane Ghanzi IPMU 183.5 127.4 126.8 40.9 Good Karroo Muds tone

2933 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 46 Dolerite

2934 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 25 Dolerite

2935 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 33 Dolerite

2936 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 37 Amphibolite

2937 Gerald Estates Francistovm Roads 48 Dolerite

2938 Gerald Estates Francisto1;m Roads 40 17 32 Good Amphibolite 22

Total Depth Static Water

Official Locality District Customer Depth Water Water Yield Quality Geology Number Struck Level (l/min) (m) (m) (m) (TDS/PPM)

2894 Xai-Xai North-iTest Council 64.0 45.7 7.6 227 Good Damara Arophibol-ite

2900 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2901 Kalkfon te in GhaJ1Zi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2902 Kalkfon te in Ghaxlzi IP~!u 187.8 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2903 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 131.1 85.3 77.7 15.2 Fresh Ghanzi Quartz-88.4 ites

2904 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartz-ites

2905 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 157.6 Ghanzi Quartzites

2906 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 182.9 Ghanzi Quartzites

2907 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 262.1 Ghanzi Quartzites

2908 Kalkfontein Ghanzi IPMU 214.0 Ghanzi Quartzites

2909 Kalkfon te in Ghanzi IPMU 304.8 Ghanzi Quartzites

51.8 2910 Rasesa Kgatleng Council 79.2 62.2 42.2 80 1080 Waterberg

74.7

2911 Bokspits Kgalagadi Council ? ? ? ? 852

2912 Motlhaba Kgalagadi Council 170 152 121 76 Good ? Sandstone

2913 Shabre Central Council 64 3.7 3.0 272.8 776 Basement Complex 24.4 Gneiss

2915 Hukuntsi Kgalagadi Council 33.8 12.2 10 40 Good Kalahari Clays

2917 Gabane KI'leneng Council Abadoned

2918 Boeshoek Kgalagadi IPMU

__ ~~~_==.===,="'="'~'''~.'.w ..

Total Depth Static

Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water 1'Iater Yield

Geology Number Struck Level (l/min)

Quality (m)

(m) (m) ( TDSjPPM)

2919 Ramonaka Kgatleng Council 38 14 12 300 Good l'egmati tic 21-24 Granite

2920 Vaal Roek Kgalagadi IPMU 94 18 18 31 Saline ? Sandstone

2921 Makoro Central Council 15204 64.0 36.9 151.5 Good Dwyka-Lower Ecca

2922 Rukuntsi Kgalagadi Council 33.6 10 10 35 Good Kalahari Clay

2923 Mabutsane Ngwaketse Agriculture 213.4 11208 100.6 95.5 13229 Ecca Sandstone

2409 2924 Seroi'i8 Central Council 183.6 62.5 18.8 191. 3 500 Dolerite and Cave

7602 Sandstone

2925 Lone Tree Kgalagadi Council 152.2 115 115 60 Good Karroo Sandstone

2926 No Details

2927 Tswaanyaneng Barolong Council 11403 Granite

2928 No Details

2929 Mabutsane Ngwa...'l(etse Agriculture 152.4 Dolerite

2930 Tsabong Kgalagadi Council 36.6 27.4 21.3 140.9 Good Waterberg Quartzite

2931 Ghanzi Ghanzi IPMU 49.5 2105 18.5 80 Ghanzi Quartzite

2932 Kuli-Nojane Ghanzi IPMU 183.5 127.4 126.8 40 09 Good Karroo Mudstone

2933 Gerald Estates Francisto~'m Roads 46 Doleri te

2934 Gerald Estates Fr a.."1.C is to I'm Roads 25 Dolerite

2935 Gerald Estates FrancistO'lffi Roads 33 Doleri te

2936 Gerald Estates Francistoiill Roads 37 Amphibolite

2937 Gerald Estates Francistm·m Roads 48 Dolerite

2938 Gerald Estates Francistoml Roads 40 17 32 Good Amphi boli te 22

Total Depth Static Water Official \'later Water Yield Number Locality District Customer Depth Struck Level (l/min) Quality Geology

(m) (m) (m) (TDS/PPM)

2939 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 30 20 H07 75 Good River Gravels/ Amphibolite

2940 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 35 18 75 Good Amphibolitic Schist

2941 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 42 16 16 Good Amphibolite

2942 Gerald Estates Francisto'lffi Roads 40 28 75 Good Amphibolitic Schist

2943 Tati River Francistown Roads 30 Blank Dolerite

2944 Tati River Franc is town Roads 14 Blank Doleri te

2945 Tati River Francistown Roads 83 Blank Amphibolitic Schist

2946 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 76 17 306 Good Granitic Schist

2947 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 76 Blank Granitic Schist

2948 Gerald Estates Francistown Roads 56 Blank Grani tic Schist

2949 Tati River Francistown Roads 14 Blank Dolerite

2950 Tati River Francisto'lffi Roads 13 Blank Dolerite

2951 Tati RLrer Francistown Roads 35 1.0 Fresh Granitic gneiss

2952 Mai tengvlane North-East Roads 50 12-22 75 Fresh Pegmatitic Granite

2953 Maitengwane North-East Roads 40 14-22 226 Fresh Pegmatitic Granite

2954 Maitengwane North-East Roads 38 14 6 Fresh Grani tic Gneiss

2955 Mai tengvlane North-East Roads 35 14-22 75 Fresh Pegmatitic Granite/Gneiss

2956 Mai teng"ane North-East Roads 35 10-30 226 Fresh Pegmatitic Granite/Gneiss

W>""""'='~'~"~~'''~''W'''.~'''''<;''-~''''A'"'='~='''''''''''''~_''''''''''''''''~_"'~~""*,"""WO."'i;,"wm''MW'=='"x<0<'''_'m'W''''''-0''''''''Jffi"-\"J>t'''"'_"~"""., .. ". '.''''''W_,,''''-'C''W'''''~''''''''-''~/''''}''~'''''_"'''.''''C\M''''''')'f;!H,J)'<W~W~

Total Depth Static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water Water Yield Geology Number Struck Level (l/min) Quality

(m) (m) (m) (TDS/PPM)

2957 Maitengwane North-East Roads 35 19-20 15 Fresh Granitic Gneiss

2958 Maintengwane North-East Roads 35 7.4 250 Fresh Granitic Gneiss

2959 Sebina Central Roads 39 16-23 17 Fresh Granite

2960 Sebina Central Roads 30 19-25 16 Fresh Amphibolitic Schist

2961 Sebina Central Roads 42 24-32 120 Fresh Granite/ Amphibolite

2962 Sebina Central Roads 50 26-42 70 Fresh Gra..YJ.i tic Gneiss

2963 Sebina Central Roads 40 Grani tic Gneiss

2964 Sebina Central Roads 50 Coarse Granite

2965 Sebina Central Roads 42 1.6 Mylonised Granitic Gneiss

2966 Sebina Central Roads 60 35-50 135 Fresh Grani tic Gneiss

2967 Mosetse Central Roads 45 29-45 70 Fresh Granite

2968 Mosetse Central Roads 35 19-35 18 Fresh Amphibolitic Schist

2969 Mosetse Central Roads 64 28-34 56 Fresh Amphibolitic Schist

2970 Mosetse Central Roads 50 28 2 Fresh Granite

2971 Mosetse CeYltr.ql Roads 57 22 9.5 Fresh Amphibolitic Schist

2972 Mosetse Central Roads 64 26-27 45 Fresh Granite

2973 Mosetse Central Roads 58 14-28 30 Fresh Amphibolitic Schist

2974 Mosetse Central Roads 65 30 30 Fresh Amphibolitic Schist

2975 Mosetse Central Roads 60 6.2 0.8 Fresh Pegmatitic Granite/Schist

Total Depth static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water Water Yield Number Level (l/min) Quality Geology

(m) Struck (TDS/PPM) (m) (m)

2976 lYlosetse Central Roads 65 32-40 53 Fresh Amphibolitic Schist

2977 Dukwe Central Roads 60 47.5 0.8 Fresh Granitic Schist

2978 Duklfe Central Roads 40 Gneissic Schist

2979 Dukwe Central Roads 69 24-66 600 Brackish Karroo Sandstone

2980 Dukwe Central Roads 70 46-60 900 Brackish Karroo Sandstone

2981 Dukl,e Centr21 Roads 69 50-64 600 1808 Karroo Sandstone

2982 Dukwe Central Roads 82 47 ? 2.5 Fresh Middle Ecca

2983 Dukl;e Central Roads 89 53 ? 2.5 Fresh Middle Ecca

2984 Du.klle Central Roads 100 68 ? 2.5 Fresh Middle Ecca

2985 SemolVlane Central Roads 90 37-48 ? 30 Brackish Ecca

2986 Semolwane Central Roads 75 35-68 ? 30 Brackish Ecca

2987 Semolwane Central Roads 71 47-65 ? 30 Brackish Ecca

2988 Nata Central ROtids 32 17 ? 13 V. Saline Kalahari Beds

2989 Nata Central Roads 34 15 ? 13 V. Saline Kalahari Beds

2990 Nata CentrE,l Roads 30 17 ? 7 V. Saline Kalahari Beds

2991 Sebina-Mosetse Central Roads 58 37-50 ? 90 Brackish Pegmatitic Granite/Dolerite

2992 Sebina-Mosetse Central Roads 35 ? Schistose Gneiss

2993 MokCl,tse Kgatleng Council 182 ? ? 40 8

2994 TS>laanyaneng Barolong Council 100.9 Blank

2995 TSvlaanyaneng Barolong Council 100.6 62.5 24.4 13.7 Brackish Granite

2996 Seg>Iate Kgatleng Council 182.9 49.1 48.8 7.6 Good Granite

2997 Boat1aname Kweneng Council 123.9 67.6 9.1 80 ? Do1erite

Total Depth Static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth

,later Water Yield Quality Geology Number Struck Level (l/min) (m) (m) (m) (TDS;PPM)

27 2998 SerOlfle Central Council 113.2 61 12 134- Fresh Cave Sands tone /

75 Dolerite

3000 Mabutsane Ngwaketse Agriculture 216.4 105.2 96.0 45.5 14464 Dolerite

3001 Mabutsane Ngwaketse Agriculture 131.1 Karroo

3002 Kwisa Ngwaketse Agricul ture 15204 112.3 110.3 5832 Dolerite

3003 Mokgomane Ng,·,aketse Council 80.8 48.8 43.9 56.8 Good Granite

3004 Sephope- Central Roads 205.4 21. 3 11.9 227+ Good Basalt/Sandstone Bobonong 20103

3005 Serolrre Central Council 106.3 2404 8 303 Good Dolerite 61.0

.75

3006 Bokspits Kgalagadi Agriculture 211.8 105.2 103.6 18.2 62520 Sandstone/Shale

3007 Bokspits Kgalagadi Council 4507 15 15 135 Saline Shale

3008 Motlhaba Kgalagadi Council 154 Kalahari Clays

3009 Kuli-Nojane Ghanzi LPMU 18503 134-.7 132.9 4505 Good Karro Muds tone

3010 Nojane Ghanzi LP~IU 21304 139.3 13001 45.5 632

3011 Serowe Central Council 10702 2404 5.5 303 Good Doleri te/Cave 61.0 Sandstone 75.0

3012 Lotlhakane Ngwaketse Council 73.2 42.7 210 3 2605 Good Granite

3013 Gabane Krreneng Council 96.7 47.6 6.9 61 Good Granite

3014 Seg>lati Kgatleng Council

3015 Manya'la Klrreneng Council 85.3 27.4 5.2 114+ Good Waterberg Sand-stone

3016 Ser011Te Central Council 211.2 54.9 5.5 330 452 Basalt/Karroo 91.4

183

Total Depth Static 'Ilater Official Water ,later Yield Number

Locality District Customer Depth Struck Level (l/rnin ) Quality Geology

(m) (ID) (ID) (TDS/PPM)

3017 Nojane Ghanzi LPMU 199.6 164.6 161.5 54 06 508

3018 Keng Ngw-aketse Agriculture 21304 108.2 98.1 26.5 15504

3019 Bokspits Kgalagadi LPMU 81 ? ? ? Good Waterberg Sand-stone

3020 Mankgodi K1'reneng Council 112.8 8.12 4 8000 Good 18.50 73

3021 Pilane Kgatleng Council 182.9 33.5 33.5 13.6 Good Kanye Volcanics-Felsite

3022 Kuli-Nojane Ghanzi r.J'MU 183.5 127.4 126.2 4009 Good

3023 Kang Kgalagadi Council 163.7 ? ? " 86920 Black Shale

3024 Keng Ng,raketse Agriculture 176.8 9405 9405 37 13460 Transvaal Shale

3025 Bokaa K1'Ieneng Council 182.9 75 45 26.5 Good Gaborone Granite

3026 Molepolole Kweneng Council 246 02 222.5 61.0 004 Waterberg Sandstone

3027 Mabutsane- Npraketse Agriculture 143.3 117 98 47 24348 Dolerite Selruma

3028 Ser01[Je Central Council 143.3 51.8 12.6 170.5 396 Dolerite/ Sandstone

3029 Mankgodi Kweneng Council 76 02 15.2 12.8 230 Good '11 aterberg 19.8 Sandstone 65.5

3030 Mankgodi Kl'leneng Council 67.1 14.6 13.1 345 Good Waterberg 18.3 Sandstone 57.9

3031 Mogonye Ng;raketse Council 71.0 Blank Kanye Volcanics-Felsite

Total Depth Static

"later Official "later viater Yield Number

Locality District Customer Depth Struck Level (l/min) Quality Geology (m) (m) (m) ( TDS/PPM)

3032 Mogonye Ng>raketse Council ll5.8 Blank Kanye Volcanics-Felsite

3033 Nojane GhaxlZi LPMU 211.2 153.6 107.9 68.2 Good Karroo

3034 Nojane Ghanzi LPMU 185.6 142.3 137 .1 45.5 824 Karroo

3035 Somerset Francistown Council 180.4 15 10.0 145.8 392 Granite 28

llO

3036 Sebina-Tutume Central Roads 61.0 Blank Granite

3037 Sebina II Central BLDC 183 Blank

3038 Se bin a Central BLDC 183 Blank

3039 Gulubane North-East Council 183 Blank

3040 Mogonye Ng>raketse Council 6100 Blank Kanye Volcanics-Felsite

3041 Lobatse-Kanye Ngwaketse Roads 135.3 81.1 64.9 53.5 ? Granite 129.5

3042 Somerset North-East Council 4108 15.2 ? 341 Granite 17.7

3043 Somerset Francisto-vITl Council 183.7 12.2 9.1 62.2 Good Schist 27.4

106.7

3044 Motoble K>leneng Council 15204 125.0 12407 4903 Good Mudstone

3045 Nojane Ghanzi LP~lU 19804 121.9 ll403 45.5 10952

3046 Motlhaba Ghanzi Council 15408 128.1 11805 ll3.6 7052 Kalahari/Karroo 134 01

3047 Lobatse- Ng>raketse Roads 151.2 Blank Gaborone Granite Kanye

Official Total Depth Static Vlater Locality District Customer Depth Vlater vlater Yield Number (m) Struck Level (l/min) Quality Geology

(m) (m) ( TDSjpPM)

3048 LObaLse-Kanye Ngwaketse Roads 151.2 Blank Gaboroue Granite

3049 Pi tsane-1101opo Southern Council 70 01 ? ? 53.0 440 Granite

3050 Tshidilamolomo Southern Council Gl"O Hole 30.3 abandoned

3051 Tswaanyaneng Barolong Council 172.5 67.1 ? 6 Saline

3052 Sekoma-~lolopo VI est Ngliaketse Agriculture 15204 Blank Transvaal Quartz-ite/Dolomite

3053 Bokspits Kgalagadi Agriculture 2140 0 Blank 6312 Shale (Waterberg?)

3054 Bokspits Kgalagadi Agriculture 74.0 ? ? ? 40092

3055 Nojane Ghanzi LPMU 184.7 125.0 103.6 6802 2128 Karroo

3056 Somerset Francistown Council 179 15 6 62 344 Schist 28 45

3057 SE of Sekuma Ng1'laketse Agriculture 152.4 137.2 87.8 64.4 4896 Transvaal Quartz-i te and Shale

~

3058 Sekuma Area Ngwaketse Agriculture 15204 115 08 101.5 34.1 7797 Sandstone 0

(Transvaal

3059 Dukwe Central Sua Project 86.3 51.8 50.0 17.1 1052 Ecca Shales and Sands tones

3060 Se bina-Tutume Rd. Central Roads 50.3 ? ? 7.6 ?

3061 Metsemotlhaba Kweneng Roads 3007 Abandoned River Gravels

3062 Mogoditshane Kweneng Roads 34.5 31 23 ? Gaborone Granite-Decomposed

3063 Letlhakane Ng,'aketse Roads 182.9 10.7 13 6.8 ? ? 150.0

... ~,"~~".~",,,=~=,,,,,,,_,-,_",,.~~,,,,,,=u_,.,..~~~,,,,~=",=,,,,,,,w,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,""'.c',' ''''''''''''''","""",~,.",, ... '_ ""':"':",,-,,~

Total Depth Static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water Water Yield Quality Geology Number Struck Level (l/min) (m) (m) (m) (TDS/PPM)

3064 Marobadilepe South-East Roads 152.4 61.0 ? 1.9 400 Granite

3065 Naloli'lane Kgatleng Council 158.9 Blank Kanye Volcanics-Felsite

3066 Dubre Central Sua Project 73.2 Blank Eec a Sands and Shales

3067 Dukwe Central Sua Project 160.3 ? 41.7 227.3 688 Ecca Sandstone and Mudstones

3068 Keng Npraketse Agriculture 182.9 118.9 104 32.3 7204 Waterberg Sand-169.2 stones and

Shales

3069 Mogoditshane Kweneng Roads 35.3 31.1 ? Blank Granite

3070 Metsemotlhaba KI'leneng Roads 29.5 17.3 17.5 60 Good Decomposed Granite

3071 Dukwe Central Sua Project 75 59-60 47.4 10 Good Ecca

3072 Da1a1e North-East Council 93 Blank Granite

3073 Mhakwane North-East Council 155.4 Blank Granite

3074 Dukwe Central Sua Project 88.4 Blank 1580 Gneiss

3075 Mal ol;ran e Kgatleng Council 146.3 15 23 44 964 Dolerite and 27 Quartzite

3076 Budung>lane II Kweneng 323 Collapsed 45.1 ? Ecca

3077 Mmamhoke Kweneng Roads 34.2 Blank Gaborone Granite

3078 Somerset Francistovm Council 111.9 15 6 909.2 480 Schist 27 72

3079 Mosojane Francistown Council 53.0 21.3 7.6 51.1 Granite

3080 Gulubane North-East Council 183 Blank

3081 SAME AS 3266

/---~-

Total Depth Static Water Official Locality District Customer Depth Water Water Yield Quality Geology Number Struck Level (l!min) (m) (m) (m) (TDS/PPM)

3082 Mmanoko Bridge Kweneng Roads 54.1 26.7 25.5 22.8 236 Gaborone Granite

3083 Mokgopeetsane Kweneng Roads 48 ? ? 0.8 Waterberg Sand-s.tone

3084 Mokatse Kgatleng Council 146.6 96 43 66 740 Granite 109.7 131.1

3085 Bolado Kgatleng Council 106.7 1803 14 87 772 Granite 64.0

3086 Mabutsane Ng>laketse Agriculture still in progress 1-3-76

3087 Duk>le Central Sua Project 89.7 60,6 48.9 9.2 Good Ecca

3088 Somerset Francistovm Council 246.8 4 8 378 28 Schist 6

34

3089 Ntlhantlhe Ngwaketse Council 130.8 21. 3 13 30 516 Kanye Volcanics 100.6 (Felsite)

3090 r~lagotllrwane Ngw"aketse Council 183.8 39 06 2404 1.9 Good

3091 Kolebwa Ngwaketse Agricul ture 152.4 11208 94.5 20.4 21580

3092 Magotlhwane Ngwaketse Council 184 45 35 Blank ?

3093 Senamane Kgatleng Council abandoned

3094 Sam Estates Francistown Private 213 27 9 56 Good Granite 173 197

3095 Gulubane North-East Council 59.4 ? ? 9407 Granite

3096 11akaleng North-East Council 183 Blank ?

3097 Takatok:''lane Kweneng Council 55.2 abandoned 51 000 Ecca

3098 Dukwe Central Sua Project 102.7 39.6 24.4 9.5 1184 Ecca

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Total Depth Static Water Official Water Water Yield Number Locality District Customer Depth Struck Level (l/min) Quality Geology

(m) (m) (m) (TDS!FPM)

3099 Dukwe Central Sua Project 48.3 abandoned Ecca

3100 Jakalas No. 1 North-East COlLl1cil 152 Blank Granite

3101 East of Kalkfontein Ghanzi LPMU still in progress 1-3-76 ?

3102 Senamane Kgatleng Council 70 38 33 136 Fresh Granite

3103 Tshidilamolomo Southern Council 152.4 24.4 1109 40 607 ? 36.6

3104 Boro badilepe Southern Council' 18104 Blank ?

3105 Jakalas No. 1 North-East Council 175.2 57 30.4 0.7 Fresh Granite

3106 Dukwe Central Sua Project 186.7 27-30 14 ll8.8 2136 Ecca