1

Geometry Measurement

2

Gauge

3

Cluster Camera Sensor

4

Cluster Camera Sensor

5

Cluster Camera Sensor

6

Light Sectioning

7

Laser/Camera Rail Sensor

8

Light Sectioning

9

Image Processor

V ide o Inpu t

S yncS eparator

V ideoD igitiz er

T im ing

V ide o M e m o ry

486 P C

V M E B U S

V G A /K e ybo ard

S hare dM e m o ry

A nalo g V ide o D ig itize d Im age R ail P ro file /M e asu re m e nts

10

Calibration Target

11

Calibration Image

12

Geometry Measurement from Profiles

13

Curvature

14

Superelevation

15

Simple Superelevation

Car and rail.pcx

16

Not So Simple Superelevation

17

Fully Compensated Superelevation

18

Twist

19

Chord Based Top

20

Chord Based Top Problems

• Car body is the cord – body flex

• Distorts track signature

• Requires six rail sensor

• Cannot see certain faults

21

Periodic Faults

22

Space Curve Top

23

Top - TrackLine

24

Top – LR3K & UGMS

25

Top Filtering – Why?

26

Top Filtering

• Filtering limits response of long track features

• Solves the problem of signal noise

27

Top Filtering

• Low speed track – short filters (10 – 30m)

• High speed track – long filters (50 – 120m)

• Butterworth, Bessel ?

• Linear phase response, sharper cutoff

• Your mileage may vary

28

Simple Alignment

29

Partially Compensated Alignment

30

Fully Compensated Alignment

31

Inertial Package

32

Inertial Package Electronics

33

Inertial System Block Diagram

34

Laserail VME Chassis

35

LR3K Data Flow Diagram

Im age P ro c e sso r

Im age P ro c e sso r

Im age P ro c e sso r

Im age P ro c e sso r

Im age P ro c e sso r

Im age P ro c e sso r

Im age P ro c e sso r

Im age P ro c e sso r

LT C 3 L as er C T R L

G eometry P roc es s or

C ollec ts all real- time dataP roduc es R A W data

rec ordsC alc ulates G E O M E T R Y

IO P roc es s or

S ys te m S ta rtupO pe ra to r In te rfa ce (V G A )

C o lle c ts fins ihe d da ta fro mG E O P ro c

N e two rk C o mmsD is k I/O (R A W , B IN , L O G )C a lib ra tio n / D ia gno s tics

C a me ra

C a me ra

C a me ra

C a me ra

C a me ra

C a me ra

C a me ra

C a me ra

V M E B us

T ac h

IM U

G P S S ync N et D is k

N e two rk

R S -232

R S -232

L as er

L as er

36

Inside of Laserail Beam

37

CP 63 GRMSGeometry Car Consist

38

Box Car

39

Unloaded Gauge

40

Tube Laser

41

CP 63 GRMSGeometry Car

42

Laserail Beam

43

CP 64Observation Area

44

CP 64Operators Station

45

CP 63Geometry Car Interior

46

Inertial Package Mounting Detail

47

Geometry Strip Chart

48

Equipment Requirements

Reliability

• Reliability– High Reliability to achieve frequency of test

• No moving parts

• Withstands extreme shock

• Custom designed lasers / MTBF of 10,000 hours

• Hardened CCD cameras

• Complete recording season without corrective maintenance

49

Laserail Camera on bogie

50

Locomotive Installation

51

Location Information

52

• GPS– Low cost GPS receiver

• Accurate location information

• No differential GPS

• Determine switches and track features

• Accurate calibration of the tachometer

Location Information

GPS

53

Location Information

Switch Detectors

• Switch Detectors– Determine the location of frogs in switches

• One detector on each rail

• Repeatable markers

• Switch direction indicated by Geometry

54

Location Information

Tachometer

• Tachometer– Axle mount tachometer

• Calibrated in real-time