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George H. Atkinson, Ph.D.Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary
of State
Science, Technology, EngineeringScience, Technology, Engineering
And 21And 21stst Century Foreign Policy Century Foreign Policy
Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary
(STAS)
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
Integrating Foreign Policy and Science
• S & T advancements have an immediate and S & T advancements have an immediate and enormous influence on economies and enormous influence on economies and international international relations relations
• Thus, many of the major issues that challenge our Thus, many of the major issues that challenge our global societies demand scientifically sound global societies demand scientifically sound policiespolicies
• In the increasingly global world, science must In the increasingly global world, science must effectively inform foreign policy and foreign effectively inform foreign policy and foreign policy must effectively advance sciencepolicy must effectively advance science
“In the 21st century, American foreign policy must have a sound scientific foundation. And we must build on that foundation to stem the spread of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDs, to stop proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, to lift people out of poverty, and lead states onto the path of sustainable development. Now more than ever, American science must enlighten American statecraft. But the partnership between science and statesmanship is a two-way street. American diplomacy must also help advance world science.”
Secretary Powell – May 26, 2004 – U.S. Department of State Introduction of the first Jefferson Science Fellows
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
S&T in 21st Century U.S. Foreign Policy
STAS Core ObjectivesScience and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
1. Enhancing the S&T literacy and capacity of the DoS: increasing the number of scientists in the DoS and the exposure of non-scientist DoS personnel to S&T issues
• American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellowships
• Professional Science Society Fellowships
American Institute of Physics, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, American Chemical Society
• Jefferson Science Fellowships
• S & T Student Internships (in the U.S and abroad)
• Embassy Science Fellows
CAPACITY BUILDINGJEFFERSON SCIENCE FELLOWS PROGRAM (JSF)
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
Tenured U.S. academic research faculty come to the DoS for 1 year of service followed by 5 years of consultancy
• A new model for engaging the U.S. academic STE communities in the formulation and implementation of U.S. foreign policy - Creates a new relationship between the U.S. academic community and the U.S. Department of State.
• A public-private partnership between U.S. philanthropic foundations (MacArthur Foundation and Carnegie Corp.), the U.S. universities and the STE academic community, professional scientific societies, and the U.S. DoS.
• Over 60 U.S. universities have executed agreements with the DOS to participate in the JSF program.
CAPACITY BUILDINGJEFFERSON SCIENCE FELLOWS PROGRAM (JSF)
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
Tenured U/S. academic research faculty come to the DoS for 1 year of service followed by 5 years of consultancy following their
return to their academic careers
The five 2004-05 Jefferson Science Fellows, selected from about 40 applicants, will begin in August, 2004
• Dr. Julian Adams – U of Michigan – Evolutionary Biology
• Dr. Bruce Averill – U of Toledo – Biochemistry
• Dr. Melba Crawford – U of Texas at Austin – Remote Imaging
• Dr. David Eastmond – U of California at Riverside – Toxicology
• Dr. Kalidas Shetty – U of Massachusetts at Amherst - Microbiology
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
JSF
AAAS Renewal
AAAS new
ProfessionalScientificSocieties
Nearly 500% increase in Science Fellows serving in State Department in Washington D.C. over a four year period
2003 AAAS Science and Professional Science Society Fellows
(shaded in gray)
Locations of AAAS
Fellows in 2000
2. Building partnerships with the outside S&T community: throughout the USG, with partners abroad, and in foreign embassies in the US
3. Providing accurate S&T advice to the DoS: the Secretary of State, other senior DoS officials, and embassies on emerging and “at the horizon” S&T 4. Developing initiatives to enhance a “forward looking”
international leadership by DoS on S&T issues: both current and future perspectives to create a “proactive, anticipatory” environment for decision making (contrasting “crisis management”)
STAS Core Objectives
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Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
Global Dialogue on Global Dialogue on Emerging Emerging
Science and TechnologyScience and Technology
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
GLOBAL DIALOGUE ON EMERGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (GDEST)
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
Scientific conferences held outside of the US to identify emerging S&T by convening US scientists with their international
counterparts for topical discussions
• Focuses on emerging technology outside the US. GDEST conferences held only outside the US
• Specific research topics for each conference selected in recognition of existing or emerging strength of the S&T research community in the host country
• Participation includes ~15 selected distinguished US and ~ 15 host country senior scientists and/or engineers, but also junior (associate and assistant professors, postdoctoral researchers, and graduate students) scientists and engineers, whose attendance is facilitated by the host country. Event is open to public
• STAS provides funding to National Academies (NA) and the National Research Council (NRC) to design, organize, and conduct each GDEST conference
Japan Sensors,
Nanomaterials & Nanostructures
Alternative Energy
Biomedical engineering & Bioscience
Artificial Intelligence
Designer Materials
Massive Multiplayer Online Gaming (Simulation) Technology
India Biomedical
engineering & Bioscience
Alternative Energy
Information Technology
Space Technology
China Biometrics &
Genetics Advanced
Computer Technologies (HPCs and Grid Computing)
Nanotechnology Bioinformatics
Europe Quantum
Cryptography and Communications
Alternative Energy
Nanotechnology Cyber Security
LONG TERM POLICYGLOBAL DIALOGUE ON EMERGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (GDEST)
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
PRIORITY TOPICSEarly 2005 20052005 20052005 20062006
The Journal of Physical ChemistryThe Journal of Physical Chemistry
AA
2003 Contributions by Country2003 Contributions by Country
Countries Contributing to JPC ACountries Contributing to JPC A
ArgentinaArgentinaAustraliaAustraliaAustriaAustriaBelarusBelarusBelgiumBelgiumBrazilBrazilBulgariaBulgariaCanadaCanadaChileChileColombiaColombiaCroatiaCroatiaCzech Czech RepublicRepublic
DenmarkDenmarkFinland Finland FranceFranceGermanyGermanyGreeceGreeceHong KongHong KongHungaryHungaryIndiaIndiaIrelandIrelandIsraelIsrael ItalyItalyJapanJapanKoreaKorea
LebanonLebanon
LithuaniaLithuania
MexicoMexico
MorrocoMorroco
NetherlandsNetherlands
New New ZealandZealand
NorwayNorway
PolandPoland
PR ChinaPR China
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico
RussiaRussia
Slovak Slovak
SpainSpain
SwedenSweden
SwitzerlandSwitzerland
TaiwanTaiwan
TurkeyTurkey
UkraineUkraine
UruguayUruguay
United KingdomUnited Kingdom
United States United States ((41%)41%)VenezuelaVenezuela
Of the 12,543 pages published in 2003, 59% were contributed by authors working in countries outside the
United States
Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary
(STAS)
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
SCIENCE BENEFITS FROM INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND EXCHANGE
Science (827 research papers)
37% from outside the U.S. (63% U.S.)
Consider 2003 publication data from other scientific journals
Journal of Biological Chemistry (>53,000 pages)
55% foreign contributors (45% U.S.)
Journals of the American Physical Society (14,687 papers)
71% foreign contributors (29% U.S.)
In 2001, students without permanent residence or citizenship (i.e., foreign students) comprised
• ~38% of the total enrollment in all graduate science and engineering programs in the U.S.
• Foreign students comprised more than 50% of the total enrollment in the following graduate fields (NSF data):
• Computer Sciences• Aerospace Engineering• Chemical Engineering• Electrical Engineering• Industrial Engineering• Mechanical Engineering• Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
Science and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
FOREIGN GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE U.S.
STAS WEBSITEScience and TechnologyAdviser to the Secretary
www.state.gov/g/stas