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GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE

PRESENTED BY

WAQAS AHMED

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INTRODUCTION OF

GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE

A geostationary satellite is anysatellite which is placed in ageostationary orbit. Satellites ingeostationary orbit maintain aconstant position relative to thesurface of the earth.

Geostationary satellites do this byorbiting the earth approximately22,300 miles above the equator. Thisorbital path is called the Clarke Belt,in honor of Arthur C. Clarke.

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INTRODUCTION CONTINUE

In other words, if a satellite in a

geostationary orbit is in a certain

place above the earth, it will stay in

that same spot above the earth. Itslatitude stays at zero and its

longitude remains constant.

Geostationary satellites are

commonly used for communicationsand weather-observation.

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INTRODUCTION CONTINUE

The typical service life expectancy of ageostationary satellite is ten to fifteenyears.

Because geostationary satellites circle the

earth at the equator, they are not able toprovide coverage at the Northernmost andSouthernmost latitudes.

Geostationary orbits are often referred toas geosynchronous or just GEO.

A geo-stationary orbit is alsosometimes called: stationary, orsynchronous orbit.

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DIAGRAM OF GEO SATELLITE

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CLASSIFICATION

LEO (LOWER EARTH ORBIT)

MEO (MEDIUM EARTH ORBIT)

GEO (GEOSTATIONARY

ORBIT)

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HISTORY OF GEO ORBIT

The concept of the geostationary orbit has beenaround since the early part of the twentieth century.

The person most widely given credit for the conceptof using this orbit for communications is ARTHURC. CLARKE.

In an article he published inWireless World

inOctober 1945 titled "Extra-Terrestrial Relays: CanRocket Stations Give World-wide Radio Coverage?"Clarke extrapolates from the German rocketresearch of the time to a day when communicationsaround the world would be possible via a network ofthree geostationary satellites spaced at equal

intervals around the earth's equator.

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GEO ORBIT DIAGRAM

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ADVANTAGES

High coverage area.

Five geostationary satellites are

enough to cover all of the regions

of the Earth.

One ground segment is enough for

the satellite monitoring.

No problem with frequency

changes.

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DIS-ADVANTAGES

Polar regions are not observed.

One big problem with Geostationarysatellites is that since they are always

positioned above the equator they can'tsee the north or south poles and are oflimited use for latitudes greater than 60-70 degrees north or south.

Weak signal after traveling over 35,000km.

Signal sending delay.

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GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE

ARE USEFUL FOR MANY

APPLICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATION:-

World wide operationaltelecommunication systems fortelephones, TV and digitized

transmission lines. ARMY:-

Alarm systems - detection of rocketlaunches.

Geostationary satellites are alsocommonly used for communicationsand weather-observation.

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THANK YOU!