40
German Environmental Survey (GerES) Kerstin Becker Marike Kolossa-Gehring Federal Environment Agency Oakland, CA, 9 th June 2008 Action Programme Environment and Health
German Environmental Survey(GerES)
Kerstin BeckerMarike Kolossa-Gehring
Federal Environment Agency
Oakland CA 9th June 2008
Action Programme Environment and Health
2
About 30 years ago
Startingbull more than 100 cows died after exposure
to heavy metals close to a lead worksbull lead in children living near a battery
production plantbull lead in blood of children near a smelting
works
Challengebull scientific basis for protection of the
environment and health bull internal and external exposurebull exposure sourcesbull health impactsbull policy measures
3
GerES study design
Cross-sectional population study
Background level of exposure for a defined group
of the general population Reference values
Inclusion of severalmedia and parameters
Identificationquantificationof pathways and sources
4
20 years of GerES
Survey Period Population sample
GerES I 1985 - 1986 2700 adults
GerES II 1990 - 1992 4000 adults730 children
GerES III 1997 - 1999 4800 adults
GerES IV 2003 - 2006 1790 children
5
Today
Health Related Environmental Monitoring
EnvironmentalSpecimen BankGerES
Action Plan Environment amp Health
Environmental Monitoring
WHOEurope
UNCEDAgenda 21 Ministry for Environment
Ministry of Health
Specific studies
Political Commitments
6
GerES IV Population sample
1790 children ( 3 to 14 years)
representative with regard to age gender community size
and region
150 sampling locations
7
GerES IV time frame
91999-32001 Planning phase
32001-32002 Pilot study
52003-52006 Field work
52003-42008 Chemical analyses
52006-92008 Basic evaluation
92008 Public use file
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
2
About 30 years ago
Startingbull more than 100 cows died after exposure
to heavy metals close to a lead worksbull lead in children living near a battery
production plantbull lead in blood of children near a smelting
works
Challengebull scientific basis for protection of the
environment and health bull internal and external exposurebull exposure sourcesbull health impactsbull policy measures
3
GerES study design
Cross-sectional population study
Background level of exposure for a defined group
of the general population Reference values
Inclusion of severalmedia and parameters
Identificationquantificationof pathways and sources
4
20 years of GerES
Survey Period Population sample
GerES I 1985 - 1986 2700 adults
GerES II 1990 - 1992 4000 adults730 children
GerES III 1997 - 1999 4800 adults
GerES IV 2003 - 2006 1790 children
5
Today
Health Related Environmental Monitoring
EnvironmentalSpecimen BankGerES
Action Plan Environment amp Health
Environmental Monitoring
WHOEurope
UNCEDAgenda 21 Ministry for Environment
Ministry of Health
Specific studies
Political Commitments
6
GerES IV Population sample
1790 children ( 3 to 14 years)
representative with regard to age gender community size
and region
150 sampling locations
7
GerES IV time frame
91999-32001 Planning phase
32001-32002 Pilot study
52003-52006 Field work
52003-42008 Chemical analyses
52006-92008 Basic evaluation
92008 Public use file
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
3
GerES study design
Cross-sectional population study
Background level of exposure for a defined group
of the general population Reference values
Inclusion of severalmedia and parameters
Identificationquantificationof pathways and sources
4
20 years of GerES
Survey Period Population sample
GerES I 1985 - 1986 2700 adults
GerES II 1990 - 1992 4000 adults730 children
GerES III 1997 - 1999 4800 adults
GerES IV 2003 - 2006 1790 children
5
Today
Health Related Environmental Monitoring
EnvironmentalSpecimen BankGerES
Action Plan Environment amp Health
Environmental Monitoring
WHOEurope
UNCEDAgenda 21 Ministry for Environment
Ministry of Health
Specific studies
Political Commitments
6
GerES IV Population sample
1790 children ( 3 to 14 years)
representative with regard to age gender community size
and region
150 sampling locations
7
GerES IV time frame
91999-32001 Planning phase
32001-32002 Pilot study
52003-52006 Field work
52003-42008 Chemical analyses
52006-92008 Basic evaluation
92008 Public use file
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
4
20 years of GerES
Survey Period Population sample
GerES I 1985 - 1986 2700 adults
GerES II 1990 - 1992 4000 adults730 children
GerES III 1997 - 1999 4800 adults
GerES IV 2003 - 2006 1790 children
5
Today
Health Related Environmental Monitoring
EnvironmentalSpecimen BankGerES
Action Plan Environment amp Health
Environmental Monitoring
WHOEurope
UNCEDAgenda 21 Ministry for Environment
Ministry of Health
Specific studies
Political Commitments
6
GerES IV Population sample
1790 children ( 3 to 14 years)
representative with regard to age gender community size
and region
150 sampling locations
7
GerES IV time frame
91999-32001 Planning phase
32001-32002 Pilot study
52003-52006 Field work
52003-42008 Chemical analyses
52006-92008 Basic evaluation
92008 Public use file
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
5
Today
Health Related Environmental Monitoring
EnvironmentalSpecimen BankGerES
Action Plan Environment amp Health
Environmental Monitoring
WHOEurope
UNCEDAgenda 21 Ministry for Environment
Ministry of Health
Specific studies
Political Commitments
6
GerES IV Population sample
1790 children ( 3 to 14 years)
representative with regard to age gender community size
and region
150 sampling locations
7
GerES IV time frame
91999-32001 Planning phase
32001-32002 Pilot study
52003-52006 Field work
52003-42008 Chemical analyses
52006-92008 Basic evaluation
92008 Public use file
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
6
GerES IV Population sample
1790 children ( 3 to 14 years)
representative with regard to age gender community size
and region
150 sampling locations
7
GerES IV time frame
91999-32001 Planning phase
32001-32002 Pilot study
52003-52006 Field work
52003-42008 Chemical analyses
52006-92008 Basic evaluation
92008 Public use file
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
7
GerES IV time frame
91999-32001 Planning phase
32001-32002 Pilot study
52003-52006 Field work
52003-42008 Chemical analyses
52006-92008 Basic evaluation
92008 Public use file
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
8
GerES partners involved
German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
N = 18000 0 to 17 years
Robert Koch Institute
universities
laboratories
Scie
ntifi
c ad
viso
ry b
oard
German Environmental Survey
N = 1800 3 to 14 years
Federal Environment Agency
ESBIO
federal agencies
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
9
Environmental factorsbull biological (mould and fungi)bull physical (noise)bull chemical (pollutants)
Main Instruments
bull Human biomonitoringbull Ambient monitoringbull Questionnaires
Instruments and factors
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
10
Instruments HBM
Blood Cd Pb Hgpersistent organochlorinesmould specific IgE
Urine As Cd Hg Ni Unicotine cotininePCP and other chlorophenolsPAH metabolitespyrethroid metabolitesmetabolites of phthalatesbisphenol Atrialkylphosphatescreatininestress hormones
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
11
Instruments ambient monitoring
House dust DDT HCH HCB PCBs PCP chlorpyrifos(vacuum cleaner bags)
Drinking water Pb Cd Cu Ni U
Indoor air VOC and formaldehyde(passive sampling)
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
12
bull indoor and outdoorenvironment
bull health informationbull socio-economic statusbull food consumptionbull exposure relevant habits helliphellip
Instruments questionnaires
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
13
Field work
bull Cooperation with the National Health Survey (KiGGS)
bull 3 field teams (trained medical personnel and interviewers)
bull Randomised sequence of sampling location visits to avoid regional or seasonal effects
bull Visit of participants in an examination center (blood samples)
bull Visit at home by interviewers to collect samples of the indoor environment and to perform the interviews
bull Internal and external quality control
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
14
Budget and resources
Field work (recruitment sampling questionning qualtiy control)
12 mill Euro
Chemical analysis (blood urine house dust indoor air)
20 mill Euro
Management and evaluation(design supervision sample management qualtiy control of field work
and chemical analysis development of hypotheses evaluation reporting to the government and the public scientific publications)
Staff of the Federal Environment Agency
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
15
General objectives
1 Comparable data concerning external and internal exposure to environmental pollutants and contaminants
2 Identification and quantification of (primary-) exposure pathways
3 Evaluation of the impact of environmental factors on childrenlsquos health
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
16
Comparable data
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
17
Exposure pathways
Variable pcreatinine in urine lt 0001 age lt 0001 grilled food consumption lt 0001East vs West Germany 0002ETS exposure at home 0012exposure to traffic 0044chocolate consumption 0047
Factors influencing 1-OH-Pyr levels in urine multiple regression model (GerES IV-Pilot-study)
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
18
Links between environment and health
Allergic sensitisation against indoor specific mould spores (N=600)
Irritation of eyes and respiratory system due to formaldehyde other aldehydes and VOC in indoor air (N=600)
Allergies due to nickel chromium or scents (N=1800)
Noise hearing and stress (N= 1050 aged 8 to 14)
Health Survey
EnvironmentalSurvey
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
19
Criteria for selection of pollutants
bull toxicological properties of concern
bull potential influence on childrenlsquos health
bull relevance for environmental policy
bull widespread exposure of the general population
bull reliable sampling procedures
bull analytical methods available
bull costs
General criteria
Discussion in expert groups the scientific advisory board
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
20
Pollutants selected
bull Metals (Pb Cd Hg As Ni U)
bull Organochlorine compounds (DDTDDE HCH HCB)
bull PCB (28 52 101 138 153 180)
bull Pyrethroids (Cis-Cl2-CA trans-Cl2-CA Br2CA 3-PBA F-PBA)
bull Organophosphates (DMP DMTP DMDTP DEP DETP DEDTP )
bull Phthalates (metabolites of DEHP DiNP DnBP DIBP DBzP)
bull PAH (1OH-Pyr 1OH-Phen 29OH-Phen 3OH-Phen 4OH-Phen)
bull PCP and other chlorphenols (2-MCP 4-MCP 24-DCP hellip)
bull Bisphenol A
bull Nicotine cotinine
bull IgE (mould fungi) stress hormones
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
GerES I198586
GerES II199092
GerES III1998
GerES II199092
GerES IV200306
Lead
in b
lood
in micro
gL
(GM
95
-CI)
Adults Children
Lead Success of political measures
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
22
DDE
Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethylen
Exposure sources fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neurotoxic hepatotoxic endocrine disruptor
Carcinogenicity Group 2B might be carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned since 1972 (in East-Germany some applications until 1989)
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
23
DDE East and West Germany
450
143
415
190
110
050
100150200250300350400
GerES III(adults)1998
GerES IV(children
3-14 years)200306
NHANES III(12 years and older)
2003
DD
E in
Bllo
d (n
gg
lipid
) East
West
West
362East
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
24
0
01
02
03
04
low medium high
DDE Sum of PCB
p lt 0001(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
DDE and Σ PCB in blood and socio-economic status
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
25
Polychlorinated biphenyles (PCB)
Exposure sources indoor (sealing compounds) fatty foodstuff from animals
Chronic toxicity neuro- immuno- and reprotoxic
Carcinogenicity Group 2A probably carcinogenic in humans
Legal status banned for use in open systems since 1978 completely banned since 1989
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
26
00
01
02
03
04
lt25years
25 - 29years
30 - 34years
gt 35years
DDE (ns) Sum of PCB (plt0001)
PCB age of the mother
Age of the mother at time of birth and DDE and sum of PCB in blood of children
(GM in microgl 7 to 14 years)
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
27
Phthalates
Exposure sources nutrition (food contact materials) consumer products (plasticiser in PVC cosmeticspersonal care products) pharmaceuticals medical devices house dust
Chronic toxicity endocrine and reprotoxic
Legal status in use in a wide range of productsthe EU prohibited the marketing of toys and childcare articles
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
28
DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate
DEHP di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate
DiBP di-iso-butyl phthalate
BzBP butylbenzyl phthalate
DiNP di-iso-nonyl phthalate
DnBP 14 intakes above the TDI value (EFSA)
Wittasek et al Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (3-4) (2007) 319-33
Environmental Specimen Bank
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
29
Tolerable daily intake (TDI) 48microg(kgd)20microg(kgd)
999 DEHP Daily uptake
Rel
ativ
e cu
mul
ativ
e fre
quen
cy [
]
Estimated daily uptake DEHP [microgkgd]1 10 100 1000
1
5102550759095
99
N = 5 (196)
N = 31 (122)
RfD
(US
EPA
)TD
I (EU
RA
R)
TDI (
EU R
AR
)
new borns adults
DEHP identification of Need for Action
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
30
565
610
949
1764
4014
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5 of 254 (2 ) children
exeed the HBM value
Sum of 5OH-MEHP and 5oxo-MEHP in urine [microgL]
Exceedance of the HBM value for DEHP (500 microgL)
GerES IV Pilot study
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
31
Human Biomonitoring Value DEHP
bull ADI TDI 4 - 66 microgkg bwdbull NOAEL 29 - 20 mgkg bwdbull derived in 1994 - 2005
bull Human-Biomonitoring-KommissionNOAEL 48 mgkg bwd Wolfe and Layton (2003) testicular effects developmental toxicity
Human Biomonitoring Value Ibull children (6-13 years) 500 microglbull women of childbearing age 300 microglbull rest of population 750 microgl
bdquoBundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 2007ldquo
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
32
HBM-Values httpwwwumweltbundesamtdegesundheit-emonitorindexhtm
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
33
GerES website
httpwwwumweltbundesamtdesurvey-e
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
34
Reglementation of PBTvPvB in the EU
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
35
PBTvPvB
bull Dodecylphenol (CAS 27193-86-8)
bull Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (CAS 556-67-2)
bull 2266-Tetra-tert-butyl-44-methylenediphenol (CAS 118-82-1)
bull Hexabromocyclododecan (CAS 25637-99-4)
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
36
Towards HBM in Europe
map wikimedia commons
Starting position- different chemicals- different methods- different objectives- different population samples- different study designs- different questionnaires
- no comparable data- insufficient knowledge
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
37
ESBIO proposed biomarkers
- Lead in blood- Cadmium in urine- Mercury in hair- Cotinine in urine
1 Metabolites of PAHs in urine2 Phthalate metabolites in urine3 Perfluorinated und polybrominated chemicals in blood4 Polybrominated flame retardents in blood5 Organochlorine compounds in blood6 Metabolites of organophosphates in urine7 Metabolites of pyrethroids in urine
ldquoBasicrdquoSzenario 1
ldquoShoppinglistrdquo
Szenario 2
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
38
ESBIO results
Basic documents
bull Proposals for objectives of EU HBM approach and for pilot project including a justification of recommended priorities
bull Proposal for pollutants and biomarkers including a justificationof recommendations
bull Protocol for population sampling recruitment and biological monitoring
bull Questionnaires for the Pilot Project
bull Protocol for harmonised way of collecting and analysing selected pollutants and for data management
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
39
ESBIO internet
httpwwweu-humanbiomonitoringorg
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
40
marikekolossaubadekerstinbeckerubade
Special thanks to ourteam members
Andreacute ConradAndreas Huumlnken
Margarete SeiwertChristine Schulz
Thank you for your attention
