GERMAN NATIONALISM

?? WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ??

• 1.) This German state, plays the largest role in unification?

• 2.) 3 events significantly influence the landscape of what will become Germany, name them please.

• 3.) This individual is the leader of Germany?

The country does not exist….yet!!

• Five major German areas– Prussia, Bavaria, Hanover, Saxony, Austria

• THE GERMAN EMPIRE• Prussia became leader

–Strong army–Good industry–largest German group

Agricultural States

• Mostly agricultural industry in German states. But soon it will be industrializing.

• To unite that states, Zollverein created in 1830. (Sawl - Fuh - RINE)

• Zollverein ---- Economic Union ended tariffs between German states. Not too successful!

• Perhaps force may be necessary to unite Germany….

??Future Leader??

• King William Iof Prussia

• Will he become king of a united German Confederation?

Otto Von BISMARCK

~~Appointed by William I to lead lawmakers.

• Was part of the “JUNKER” class of people. Meaning a landowning noble.

• Realpolitik – use of “Realistic politics” based on the needs of the state. **I.E. Power over principles.

Otto Von Bismarck

• “Germany does not look to Prussia’s liberalism, but to her power….The great questions of the day are not to be decided by speeches and majority resolutions – that was the mistake of 1848 and 1849 – but by BLOOD AND IRON!”

• ??What does he mean with this statement??• Sets the tone for unification.

The Bismarck Identity

•Hated Democracy•Built Prussian army into #5 world power

•Started 3 wars to unify Germans

DANISH WAR -- 1864

• Austria and Prussia hated Denmark’s control over Schleswig and Holstein

• Denmark was not a world power.

• Winner-Winner Chicken Dinner–Easy victory for Prussian forces.

SEVEN WEEKS WAR -- 1866

• 500,000 Austrians–VERSUS

• 300,000 Prussians–Plus 200,000 Italians

• Winner-Winner Chicken Dinner–Prussia wins in 7 weeks

AUSTRIAN CONTROL

PRUSSIAN CONTROL

Now much of region is under German/Prussian control.

France vs. Germans -- The Rivalry Intensifies

• Germans remembered invasion of Napoleon.• Bismarck plays this up to create NATIONALISTIC

FEELINGS among Germans.• But how can they get France to fight?????

• Bismarck intercepts a telegram from King William I to the French Ambassador. He makes changes to it and then releases it to the press.

• His edits make it seems as though William has insulted the French.

• Napoleon III declares war on Prussia – This makes whom happy?

FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR -- 1870

• Germans vs. French• Payback for Napoleon’s actions. • 500,000 French• 600,000 Germans• Winner –Winner Chicken Dinner…

• Germans win in 2 months

1866

1867

1866

1871

RESULTS

•By 1871German Empire was created and expanded.

•Germany was dominated by Prussians.

BIGGEST RESULT•German Empire gains control over Alsace-Lorraine–Area rich in coal and resources–We will hear of this area again….with Hitler!!

The Second Reich• King William I of Prussia takes on the

title of KAISER (Emperor).• Constitution created by Bismarck sets

up a 2-House legislature.– Bundersrat – Upper House;

appointed by Leaders of German Government/states.

– Reichstag – Lower House; elected by Universal Manhood Suffrage.

• Bundersrat could veto any decision of Reichstag.

• Real power still remained with Emperor and his Chancellor

The Emperor and his

Apprentice

Who actually did the work??

?? WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ??

• 1.) This German state, plays the largest role in unification?

• 2.) 3 events significantly influence the landscape of what will become Germany, name them please.

• 3.) This individual is the leader of Germany?