Germany's current situation regarding hybrid and electric...

Germany's current situation regarding hybrid and

electric vehicles – update April 2015

IEA-IA HEV Task 1 Information exchange

April 30th, 2015

Gwangju, South Korea

Stephan Schmid

Jens Brokate

Benjamin Frieske

Florian Kleiner

Matthias Klötzke

www.DLR.de • Slide 1

Introduction

Industry

On the road

Policy and legislation

Charging infrastructure

Research

Summary

Contents


Introduction

DLR.de • Slide 3

Global warming

and reduction of

CO2 emissions

EU CO2 emission target of 95 g/km in 2021

particularly challenging for German OEMs with

high share of large, premium cars

Electrification of powertrain important lever to

avoid CO2 penalties

Energy transition (‘Energiewende’) High share

of renewable energies; Nuclear power phase-out;

Embedding triad goals in European climate and

energy context for 2030

THG reduction targets of -40% in 2030 (EU),

min. -80% in 2050 (GER)

Renewables power consumption share to

reach 30% in 2030 (EU), 80% in 2050 (GER)

Decrease of total primary energy consumption

with “binding and ambitious goals” (EU),

by 50% until 2050 (GER)

Limited fossil

resources

Increase of

renewable

energies

Growth of

emerging

markets

Global megatrends Motivating factors for HEVs and EVs in Germany

Electricity generation in Germany

Po

wer

gen

era

tio

n

• Audi A4 e-tron

• Audi R8 e-tron

• BMW 328e

• BMW 530Le

• Mercedes-Benz C350 e

• Mercedes-Benz GLE 500 e 4MATIC

• VW Passat GTE

DLR.de • Slide 4

Source: Audi, auto-news.de, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen

German PEVs new at the dealer in 2015

BEV

DLR.de • Slide 5

The number of PEV-models at the dealer

is rising

2013

2017

2014

2015

2016

Audi BMW Daimler Porsche Volkswagen

A3 e-tron

A4 e-tron R8 e-tron

A2 e-tron Q3 e-tron

i8

328e 530e

X5 xDrive40e

i5

X1

B-Class ED S 500 PHEV

C 350 e GLE 500 e

GLC

Panamera

S E-Hybrid Cayenne

S E-Hybrid

Macan

Golf GTE XL1

Passat GTE

T7 Q6 e-tron

Q7 e-tron Smart Fortwo ED

2018

i3 i3 REx SLS AMG ED 918 Spyder e-UP! e-Golf

A6 e-tron 7series C Coupé GTE

BEV PHEV

Introduction

Industry

On the road - statistics on EVs in Germany



Research

Summary

Contents


Germany‘s car market

DLR.de • Slide 7

New

lice

nse

d p

asse

nge

r ca

rs in

Ge

rman

y (u

nit

/a)

Source: www.kba.de

New vehicles in 2014: 3.04 million

(+2.9% compared to 2013)

of this

Private: 36.2 %

Diesel: 47.8 %

Alternative powertrains: 1.7%

Avg. CO2 emission: 132.8 g/km

Short-term licensing: 110,959

The number of new BEVs

increased by ~41% in 2014

compared to 2013:

8,522 new units

The number of new PHEVs

increased by ~227% in 2014

compared to 2013:

4,527 new units

0,0%

0,2%

0,4%

0,6%

0,8%

1,0%

1,2%

1,4%

1,6%

Mar Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez Jan Feb Mar

EVs

Plug-In Hybrid

Hybrid

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

4.000

4.500

5.000

Mar Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez Jan Feb Mar

EVs

Plug-In Hybrid

Hybrid

Current sales of HEVs, PHEVs, and BEVs

DLR.de • Slide 8

New registrations in 04/2014-03/2015

Hybrids: 22,005 (w/o PHEV)

PHEVs: 6,271 (22% of HEVs)

BEV 9,050

Conventional

SI 1,553,911

CI 1,476,939

Change in registration in 04/2014 -03/2015

Hybrids -12%

Plug-Ins +302%

BEV +32%

Sales per month, 03/2014 to 03/2015

Sales as percentage of total market

0,000%

0,050%

0,100%

0,150%

0,200%

0,250%

0,300%

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Hybrid

EVs

Share of HEVs, PHEVs, BEVs in the car stock

DLR.de • Slide 9

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

140.000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Hybrid

EVs

Stock (1st Jan 2015)

- HEV: 102,740 (up x1.2) - PHEV: 5,058 (up x3.7) - BEV: 18,948 (up x1.6)

Share in vehicle stock (1st Jan 2015)

Hybrids 0.243%

BEV 0.043%

CNG 0.183%

Conventional

SI 67.2% (29.8 mio)

CI 31.2% (13.8 mio)

Enormous increase in registrations

The goal of 1,000,000 on the road will be reached only few years after 2020

Introduction

Industry

On the road

Policy and legislation – the new electric mobility law


Research

Summary

Contents


Purpose

• Increase EV attractiveness 1 million EVs on the road in 2020

• Create legal framework for electric mobility

What‘s new?

• Definition of privileged vehicles (≤ 50 g/kmNEDC or >30/40 km AER)

• Labeling via number plate

• Parking Privileges §

• Use of bus lanes §

• Access to restricted areas

What‘s next?

• Special depreciation of EVs? ~ 50% commercial registrations

• Framework for EV infrastructure installation

Electric Mobility Law (EmoG) enacted

DLR.de • Slide 11

§ EmoG sets the legal framework, the municipalities decide

Introduction

Industry

On the road



Research

Summary

Contents


Public accessible charging points

(February 2015)


18%

49%

32%

1%

AC 1-phase type 2 AC 3-phase type 2 AC 1-phase type 2 & AC 3-phase type 2 others

• Others are DC Combo 2 & DC CHAdeMO & AC 3-phase type 2

• In total 5.553 public accessible charging points, whereof 102 DC charging points

• Mainly AC 3-phase type 2 charging points with max. power of 22 kW

• +17.6% total public accessible charging points comparing status of June 2014 and

February 2015

Ref: Bundesverband der Energie- und Wasserwirtschaft e.V. (BDEW)

Max. 22 kW

Max. 3.7 kW

Max. 3.7 kW & 22 kW

Max. 62.5 kW (CHAdeMO)

Max. 170 kW (DC Combo 2)

Max. 22 kW (AC 3-phase Type 2)

Fast charging network for key highways

and metropol regions - project SLAM

Motivation

• To allow for EV trips through GER

Key objectives

• Covering metropol regions and

key motorways

• Availability of 600 CCS fast

charger until mid of 2017

• Enabling business cases for

charging station operators

• 63 stations completed today

Source: http://www.slam-projekt.de/karte.php


Electric Mobility Showcase Programme


Overview Showcase Programme

Logo Title -

Location Projects # EVs EVSE

Funding b

Living Lab BWe mobil

Baden-

Württemberg

34 core projects

1,000 d 800 d 45 Mio. €

Electromobility Connects

Bavaria-Saxony

~40 projects

3,000 c n/a 39 Mio. €

International Showcase of

Electric Mobility

Berlin-Brandenburg

~20 projects

1,800 500 37 Mio. €

Our Horsepower Turns Electric

Niedersachsen

~30 projects

~4,500 a (1,700 BEV)

n/a 38 Mio. €

Sources: http://schaufenster-elektromobilitaet.org a registered EVs in the metropol region as of September 2014; b Support by the Federal Government only; c

registered EVs in Bavaria and Saxony (NPE, 2014); d supported by the projects (NPE, 2014)

Links: http://www.livinglab-bwe.de ; http://www.elektromobilitaet-verbindet.de ; http://www.emo-berlin.de;

http://www.metropolregion.de

More Information: www.livinglab-bwe.de ; www.elektromobilitaet-verbindet.de ; www.emo-berlin.de; www.metropolregion.de

Sources: http://schaufenster-elektromobilitaet.org a registered EVs in the metropol region as of September 2014; b Support by the Federal Government only; c registered EVs in Bavaria and Saxony (NPE, 2014); d supported by the projects (NPE, 2014)

Transport logistic demonstration projects


• Urbaner logistischer Wirtschaftsverkehr

• NANU!

• DisLog

• ElektroAES

• efleet

• E-Lieferung Allgäu

• EleNa II

• KV-E-Chain

• Smart-E-user

• komDRIVE

• ENUBA II

• GeNaLog

• InneROBE

• Elektrische Schwerlastlogistik im urbanen Raum

– Stadt Mannheim

• ElmoE-City-Logistik

• ENUBA

• EMIL

• EMKEP

• B-AGV

• IKONE

In total 20 activities • All vehicle categories are adressed

(N1, N2, N3)

• Fleets dominated by all electric light

commercial vehicles (N1 category)

• Deutsche Post DHL Group

operates over 300 electric vehicles

Source: Deutsche Post DHL Group

Research – Project Visio.M


Source: TU München

• Joint project development by TUM, BMW,

Daimler, Continental, Siemens, BASt, TÜV,

etc.

• Objectives:

• Integrated 3-year development of small EV

for second car usage in central Europe

• Ultra lightweight, very efficient and high

driving dynamics

• Proven safety concept

Results:

• Weight: 535kg (incl. battery of 85kg)

with the use of a hybrid carbon fiber

and aluminum structure

• Range: 160km (13,5 kWh, Li-Ion)

• Power: 15 kW (induction machine)

• The number of PEV-models of German OEMs is steadily increasing

• Number of PEVs and HEV on German roads has increased in 2014 with the

strongest growth in PHEVs

• New electric mobility law in Germany adopted, to make PEVs more attractive,

but without monetary incentives

• Positive trend in charging infrastructure, fast charging is adressed

• Electrified commercial vehicles get more and more in the focus

Summary

DLR.de • Slide 18

Dr. Stephan Schmid > October 17th, 2012, Slide 19

Institute of Vehicle Concepts

Institute of Vehicle Concepts

[email protected]

+49 711 6862 533

+49 173 26 39 127

Thank you very much for your attention!

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