Date post: | 22-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | theodora-willis |
View: | 251 times |
Download: | 2 times |
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Sentence
• A sentence is a group of words containing a subject and a verb and expressing a complete thought
– So, three things are needed for a sentence to be complete:
• Subject• Verb• Expresses a complete thought
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Subject and Predicate
• A sentence consists of two parts: the subject and the predicate. The subject of the sentence is the part about which something is being said. The predicate is the part that says something about the subject.
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Predicates
• The Simple Predicate and the Complete Predicate
– The predicate of a sentence is the part that says something about the subject.
– Its official name is the complete predicate
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Predicates
• Within the complete predicate, there is always a word or a word group that is the main part of the predicate.
– Presents the key word in completing the statement about the subject
– This is called the simple predicate or verb.
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Predicates
• Example – The students worked very hard
throughout the entire quarter.• worked very hard throughout the entire
quarter is the complete predicate• worked is the simple predicate
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Predicates
• More difficult example:– Has Richie helped you?
• has helped you is the complete predicate• has helped is the simple predicate• The simple predicate consists of the entire
verb phrase
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Predicates
• Another example:– The student will not fail this class.
• will not fail this class is the complete predicate
• will fail is the simple predicate
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Subjects
• The Simple Subject and the Complete Subject
– The subject of a sentence is the part about which something is being said
– Its official name is the complete subject
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Subjects
• Within the complete subject, there is always a word or a group of words that is the main part of the subject.
– It is called the simple subject
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Subjects
• Example– A student with an impressive work
ethic will do well in class.• A student with an impressive work ethic is
the complete subject• A student is the simple subject
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
How to Find theSubject of a Sentence
• The subject can appear at almost any point in the sentence
• The easiest way to find the subject is to find the verb first
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
How to Find theSubject of a Sentence
• Example– Gum was placed on the desk
• The verb is was placed• Ask yourself who or what was placed?• The answer (gum) is the subject of the
sentence
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
How to Find theSubject of a Sentence
• More difficult example– Beyond the classroom door walks an
assistant principal.• What is the verb?
– Walks• Ask yourself who is walking?• The answer (assistant principal) is the
subject of the sentence
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
How to Find theSubject of a Sentence
• Very Helpful Hint– The subject is never in a prepositional
phrase
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
How to Find theSubject of a Sentence
• Example– One of my friends plays on the team.
• What is the verb?– Plays
• Ask yourself who is doing the playing?– Friends?
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
How to Find theSubject of a Sentence
• Not correct—friends functions as the object of the prepositional phrase (remember, a prepositional phrase is made up of the preposition, any modifiers and the noun or pronoun which functions as the object of the prepositional phrase)
• The correct subject of the sentence is One
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
The Subject in an Unusual Position
• Sentences beginning with There or Here
– When the word there or here comes at the beginning of a sentence, it may appear to be the subject, but it is not.
– Remember to ask yourself who or what is doing the action
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
The Subject in anUnusual Position
• Example – There are two desks in the classroom.
• The verb is are• Ask yourself who or what are?• The answer: desks• The subject of the sentence is desks
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
The Subject in anUnusual Position
• Sentences that ask a question– Questions usually begin with a verb– Also, they frequently begin with words
like what, when, where, how and why.– The subject usually follows the verb
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
The Subject in anUnusual Position
• Examples– Why is he running?
• The subject is he
– How do you feel?• The subject is you
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
The Subject in anUnusual Position
• When questions begin with a helping verb, the subject always comes between the helping verb and the main verb.
– Remember to find the verb and ask who or what is doing the verb
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
The Subject in anUnusual Position
• Example – Were the students late?
• The subject is students• Helpful Hint: You can turn questions into
statements in order to help you find the subject
• The students were late.
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Sentences in Which theSubject is Understood
• In requests and commands, the subject is usually left out of the sentence.
• The subject of a command or request is you
– Understood but not expressed
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Sentences in Which theSubject is Understood
• Example – Clean up this room!
• The verb is clean• Who is doing the cleaning?• The subject is you
– A subject of this kind is said to be understood.
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs
• Compound Subject– Two or more subjects connected by
and or or and having the same verb are called a compound subject
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs
• Example– The boy and the girl studied for the
test.• The verb is studied• Who studied?• The subject is boy and girl
– Compound subject
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs
• Compound Verb– Two or more verbs joined by a
connecting word and having the same subject are called a compound verb
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Compound SubjectsAnd Verbs
• Example – The students talked and whispered
during class.• The verbs are talked and whispered• Who talked and whispered?• The subject is students• talked and whispered are called a
compound verb
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Assignment
• Please rewrite the following sentences. Underline the simple subject once and the simple predicate twice.
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Assignment
1. There were eight students in class.2. My mom and dad enjoy driving
across country.3. The student studied for the test.4. When should we go to the
restaurant?5. Pick up your clothes.
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Assignment
6. An article about the new plans for downtown was published in the newspaper.
7. He bought a broken C.D. player and installed it in his car.
8. During the summer months, many children participate in the summer reading program.
Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and
Predicates
Assignment
9. Here are the missing pieces to the puzzle.
10. Only one of many students loudly proclaimed his protest to the cafeteria’s lunch menu.