Getting Started

Getting Started

Disclaimer Delcam plc has no control over the use made of the software described in this manual and cannot accept responsibility for any loss or damage howsoever caused as a result of using the software. Users are advised that all the results from the software should be checked by a competent person, in accordance with good quality control procedures. Information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment by Delcam plc. The software described in this manual is furnished under licence agreement and may be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such licence. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express permission of Delcam plc. Copyright © 1982 - 2007. Acknowledgements This documentation references a number of registered trademarks and these are the property of their respective owners. For example, Microsoft and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Patent Applications The emboss functionality is subject to patent applications.

Patent number: GB 2389764 Generation of a computer model using parametric surfaces and polygonal meshes.

Patent pending: US 10/174524 Surface-Emboss integration. Patent pending: GB 2410351 Wrapping complex textures onto 3D

CAD models. Morphing functionality is subject to a patent application.

Patent pending: GB 2401213 Altering a CAD model.

PowerSHAPE Version: 7.1 Date: 06/02/2007 13:13

Getting Started Contents • i

Contents

Welcome to PowerSHAPE 1

Introduction....................................................................................................1

Getting Started 2

What is PowerSHAPE? .................................................................................2 PowerSHAPE options....................................................................................2

PS-Surfacer ............................................................................................3 PowerSHAPE.........................................................................................4 PowerSHAPE Pro..................................................................................4 PowerSHAPE-e .....................................................................................5 Delcam Designer ...................................................................................5 More about PowerSHAPE.....................................................................5

What is PowerSHAPE-e? ..............................................................................5 Exporting a model from PowerSHAPE-e......................................................6 Importing an e-model to PowerSHAPE ........................................................6 Using Vouchers..............................................................................................7

Voucher Wizard - Registration..............................................................7 Voucher Wizard - Login........................................................................8 Manage Account - Account Deposit .....................................................8 Voucher Wizard - Address ....................................................................9 Voucher Wizard - Card Details .............................................................9 Voucher Wizard - Deposit Receipt......................................................10

How do I install PowerSHAPE?..................................................................10 Before you begin..................................................................................11 Installing PowerSHAPE ......................................................................11 Installing your Product Authorisation File (PAF) ...............................13 Installation options for advanced users ...............................................13 Changing the drawing standard ...........................................................16 Upgrading an Existing version of PowerSHAPE................................17 Installation problems ...........................................................................17 General Installation Information .........................................................18 Uninstalling PowerSHAPE..................................................................18

Starting PowerSHAPE.................................................................................18 Starting PowerSHAPE in different modes ..........................................19

ii • Contents Getting Started

Table of PowerSHAPE start modes.....................................................20 What is the Browser? ...................................................................................22

Opening the Browser ...........................................................................23 Using the Browser ...............................................................................23 Closing the Browser ............................................................................24

Getting Help with PowerSHAPE.................................................................25 Tooltips ................................................................................................25 Status Bar Help ....................................................................................25 Standard on-line Help ..........................................................................26 PowerSHAPE Learning Assistant .......................................................26 Manuals................................................................................................28 Tutorials ...............................................................................................28

Example data................................................................................................33 Further information......................................................................................33

Training courses...................................................................................33

Getting Started Welcome to PowerSHAPE • 1

Introduction This manual is divided into two sections:

Getting Started What's New in PowerSHAPE7.1

Getting Started This section is for the new or infrequent user and explains:

the different PowerSHAPE options how to install PowerSHAPE how to start PowerSHAPE the Help that is available within PowerSHAPE

If you are an existing user, you will probably miss out this section and move straight to What's New in 7.1. What's New in PowerSHAPE7.1 This section details all the new functionality available in PowerSHAPE7.1.

Welcome to PowerSHAPE

2 • Getting Started Getting Started

What is PowerSHAPE? PowerSHAPE is a powerful hybrid solid, surface and wireframe modeller for the design of products with complex shapes.

PowerSHAPE can be used to design products from scratch; particularly those with sculptured shapes. It is also ideally suited to preparing existing product models for manufacture - by importing a model from another CAD system and adding features for manufacture such as fillets, split and draft surfaces.

PowerSHAPE options The PowerSHAPE product is available in the following forms:

1. PS-Surfacer - A standalone product that includes wireframe modelling and surfacing commands.

2. PowerSHAPE - The standard product, including wireframe, surface and solid modelling.

Getting Started

Getting Started Getting Started • 3

3. PowerSHAPE Pro - This includes PS-Render, PS-Assembly, PS-Draft, Morphing and Delcam's unique "Total Modelling" functionality for adding 3D artwork and textures to designs.

4. PowerSHAPE-e - A completely free version of PowerSHAPE-Pro.

5. Delcam Designer - This includes morphing, wrapping, solid modelling and surface modelling.

The following additional modules are available: 1. PS-Electrodemaker. 2. PS-Moldmaker - This includes Assembly modelling and PS-

Draft functionality. 3. PS-Draft. 4. PS-Shoemaker.

If you have not purchased a licence for any option, you can still try the functionality by running Powershape-e.

PS-Surfacer

A standalone product that includes all the lines and arcs features of PowerSHAPE, plus most curve and surfacing commands. Converting surfaces to solids and solids to surfaces is also included.


PowerSHAPE

This contains the core functionality, including basic surface, solid and wireframe modelling.

PowerSHAPE Pro

This contains:

1. PowerSHAPE 2. Assembly Modelling - connects components together 3. PS-Render - creates photo-realistic images 4. PS-Draft - generates engineering drawings 5. Morphing - for whole body edits 6. Total Modelling - adds wrapped 3D artwork and textures to

designs.


PowerSHAPE-e

PowerSHAPE-e is a free version of PowerSHAPE-Pro that can be used to evaluate design concepts, or share models with your supply chain. It is ideal for use in education for CAD teaching or research and can also be used to evaluate PowerSHAPE functionality before buying. You can only print small drawings (not full engineering drawings) and you cannot export files (for example for manufacture) except on a pay-per-use basis.

Delcam Designer Delcam Designer is a low cost version of PowerSHAPE-Pro. It is intended for users designing models from scratch, rather than working from imported models.

The following are NOT included:

model fixing,

modelling for manufacture commands (such as creation of draft curves and draft surfaces) or

flattening/unwrapping of curves and surfaces.

More about PowerSHAPE You will find the latest information on PowerSHAPE from Delcam's PowerSHAPE web site www.powershape.com.

What is PowerSHAPE-e? PowerSHAPE-e is a free version of PowerSHAPE that lets you design and share your design with others. You can create a design using,


Wireframe modelling Surface modelling Solid modelling Assembly modelling Triangle modelling

When you are happy with your design, you can export it to another application using the voucher system.

Exporting a model from PowerSHAPE-e

You can export a model from PowerSHAPE-e as follows: 1. Create your model. 2. Save your model. 3. Export your model to IGES, STL OR full-PowerSHAPE's psmodel

format. 4. The Voucher Wizard starts.

When you have purchased a voucher, you can do any number of exports of that model - but as soon as you change your model, you need to buy a new voucher.

Importing an e-model to PowerSHAPE You can import an existing e-model into PowerSHAPE as follows:

1. Locate the model to import using the Open Model option that is displayed when you select the Open option of the File menu.

2. The Voucher Wizard starts.


Using Vouchers You can manage your Voucher account and make a deposit into your account by selecting Manage Account from the Voucher option of the Tools menu.

Each page of the Voucher Wizard is explained in this section.

Voucher Wizard - Registration The first time you use the Voucher Wizard the Registration page is displayed. Enter the details requested.


Voucher Wizard - Login If you wish to see your remaining credit, or purchase additional vouchers, you need to connect to the Voucher Server. Enter your password.

Manage Account - Account Deposit Use this page to enter the amount of credit you wish to purchase and the currency to be used (Sterling). The table helps you work out the bonus credit you will acquire (if any), based on the amount of your deposit.


Voucher Wizard - Address Enter your details in the sections below

Voucher Wizard - Card Details Enter you card details into this page of the Voucher Wizard. The amount of money you asked to deposit in your account on page 2 of the wizard is indicated in the panel below the currency drop down list.


Voucher Wizard - Deposit Receipt This shows the amount of credit you have purchased, your balance and order reference number.

Print - Prints a copy of the information on the page. This is your receipt. Finish - leave the Voucher Wizard.

How do I install PowerSHAPE? This section includes:

1. Before you begin 2. Installing PowerSHAPE 3. Installing your Product Authorisation File (PAF) 4. Installation options for advanced users

Installing the shared database Setting the shared database on a different drive using the

Registry Editor 5. Changing the drawing standard 6. Upgrading an Existing version of PowerSHAPE 7. Installation problems 8. General Installation Information 9. Uninstalling PowerSHAPE


Before you begin 1. To start PowerSHAPE, you will require a Product

Authorisation File (PAF). Please contact your Sales Agent for more details. This is not necessary to run PowerSHAPE-e.

2. By default, the installer will set up each user with their own private centralised shared data area. If you are happy with the default setup, proceed with installing PowerSHAPE. For further details, see Installing PowerSHAPE (on page 11). However, if you are a system administrator and want to control where centralised shared data files are installed on your network, you need to set up registry entries before installing PowerSHAPE. For further details, see Installation options for advanced users (on page 13).

In PowerSHAPE, the centralised shared data files are called the shared database (DB) or shareddb for short.

Installing PowerSHAPE 1. Log in to your system as an administrator. 2. Insert the DVD in the drive and wait a few seconds. The language

selection screen is displayed.

3. Click on the flag for the language you want to install.


4. The Install PowerSHAPE Products window is displayed.

5. Select the PowerSHAPE product you wish to install :

Product Design PowerSHAPE PRO PowerSHAPE PS-Surfacer Delcam Designer

Shoe Design Sole Design Upper Design

Tool Design PS-Moldmaker PS-Electrodemaker PowerMILL Modelling Estimating/Quoting

PowerSHAPE-e Customise Service Packs

6. Follow the InstallShield Wizard instructions on the screen.


7. Select an installation option: Minimum - installs the basic components to run PowerSHAPE. Custom - installs the components you specify.

All installed program features will be removed at uninstall. 8. Follow the InstallShield Wizard instructions on the screen to

install PowerSHAPE. 9. Restart your machine.

Installing your Product Authorisation File (PAF) After PowerSHAPE's InstallShield Wizard has finished and you have restarted your computer, you need to install your Product Authorisation File (PAF) provided by your sales agent. You should have received this as an attachment to an email and full details of how to install the file are inside the email. Contact your sales agent for more information. If you are only installing free PowerSHAPE-e then no PAF is required. You can now start PowerSHAPE. For further details, see Starting PowerSHAPE (on page 18).

Installation options for advanced users The following information is provided for advanced users with specific PowerSHAPE installation requirements.

Installing the shared database (on page 14) The shared database is installed by default during the installation process. Skip this section unless you are a system administrator wanting to control the location of shared data files on a network.

Setting the shared database on a different drive using the Registry Editor (on page 14) The location of the shareddb does not need to be changed for PowerSHAPE to work. Skip this section unless you are familiar with using the regedit command to edit the registry and you want to set the shared database database or parts directory on a different drive.


Installing the shared database

Important: The shareddb is installed by default during install. Skip this section unless you are a system administrator wanting to control the location of shared data files on a network.

PowerSHAPE allows a group of users to share information that is applicable to everyone in that workgroup. For example the index of models being created, company standards, etcetera. This information is stored in a shared database (DB) area called shareddb. When you install PowerSHAPE, by default, everyone has their own private shared database area and their own parts areas where models are stored by default. The InstallShield Wizard will install these folders in the following locations by default.: c:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Shared Documents\Delcam\shareddb c:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Shared Documents\Delcam\parts c:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Shared Documents\Delcam\drawings If you want to use these folders, proceed with installing PowerSHAPE. For further details, see Installing PowerSHAPE (on page 11). If you want to install the shared database and parts directory onto a different drive or directory, you need to make sure the paths have been set in the registry before installing. For further details, see Setting the shared database on a different drive using the Registry Editor. (see "Setting the shared database on a different drive using the Registry Editor" on page 14)

Setting the shared database on a different drive using the Registry Editor

WARNING: This section should only be attempted if you are familiar with using the regedit command to edit the registry. Incorrectly editing the registry may severely damage your system. At the very least, you should back up any valued data on the computer before making changes to the registry.

This is a guide to setting the shared database database or parts directory on a different drive using the Registry Editor.


The location of the shareddb does not need to be changed for PowerSHAPE to work. Skip this section unless you specifically want to set the shared database database or parts directory on a different drive and you are familiar with the regedit command.

The installation path examples given use D: as the installation drive. The drive on your system may be different. If the shared database is intended to be shared, for example on a network, the path should include the following: \\name of machine\location of parts directory or shareddb\ The following are some example paths : \\server1\d\dcam\parts\ \\server1\d\dcam\shareddb\

1. In the Registry Editor, open the following directory to see if a Delcam branch exists: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE If a Delcam branch exists continue with the following instructions. If a Delcam branch does not exist, create a new key in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE and call it Delcam.

Continue with the following instructions:

2. Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Delcam and create a key called config.


3. Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Delcam\config and create a key called node.

4. Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Delcam\config\node and create a new string called parts.

5. Set the Value data of parts to be, for example \\server1\d\dcam\parts\

6. Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Delcam\config\node and create a new string called shareddb.

7. Set the Value data of shareddb to be, for example \\server1\d\dcam\shareddb\

8. Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Delcam\config\node and create a new string called drawings.

9. Set the Value data of drawings to be, for example \\server1\d\dcam\drawings

10. Exit the Registry Editor and proceed with PowerSHAPE installation. For further details, see Installing PowerSHAPE (on page 11).

Changing the drawing standard The shared database contains details of all the drawing standards supported by PowerSHAPE; one of which is set up as standard, so that every CAD model created will have this standard set by default. The standard contains the units that you are working in. So, for example, if you work to ANSI standard in inches it is important to choose the correct standard. The drawing standard can be selected at installation time from the feature Drawing Standards. If no standard is selected, PowerSHAPE will be installed with the default drawing standard of BSI (working in mm). If, when you start PowerSHAPE, you find the default drawing standard is not the one you want, do the following:

1. From the Control Panel (Windows Start menu) select Add or Remove Programs.

2. Select Change. 3. Select Modify. Other options are Repair or Remove. 4. Deselect the standard which is currently selected in the feature

Drawing Standards. 5. Select the standard required from the following:


Only ONE standard should be selected. ISO ANSI BSI DIN JIS USDD BDC

6. Select Next. 7. Select Install. 8. The new standard will be used the next time you start

PowerSHAPE.

Upgrading an Existing version of PowerSHAPE If you have an older version of PowerSHAPE (for example 6.0) and wish to install PowerSHAPE7.1, simply insert the DVD into the disk drive and follow the instructions described in Installing PowerSHAPE (on page 11). The InstallShield Wizard will guide you through installing the new version.

Installation problems Installation problems usually only happen if you attempt to bypass the installation process: For example, copying files manually rather than using the InstallShield Wizard. The InstallShield Wizard does extra work, such as setting up registry entries and should always be used in preference to manual copying. If you experience problems with your installation try the following:

1. Uninstall PowerSHAPE and re-install it using the InstallShield Wizard procedure provided.

2. Use the Repair option from Add/Remove Programs to try to resolve the problem.

If you still experience problems contact your sales agent.


General Installation Information 1. There is only one uninstall file for PowerSHAPE in Add/Remove

Programs. This means everything is bundled into one package with no separate uninstalls.

2. If you want to install other files from the DVD select Change from the Add and Remove Programs screen then select Modify in the InstallShield Wizard.

3. If you regularly update your version of PS-Exchange a useful tip is to deselect this option when you install PowerSHAPE and install it separately. PS-Exchange will then have its own entry in Add and Remove programs. The PowerSHAPE installation will not remove it when it is uninstalled.

4. PowerSHAPE versions 5.7 onwards can be installed to the Program Files directory. Previous versions are installed to the dcam\product directory.

5. The installation should recognise the language you are running and install that language and documentation for you.

6. Shortcuts are created on the desktop and the other options are added to the Start menu.

Uninstalling PowerSHAPE 1. To uninstall PowerSHAPE go to Add and Remove programs. 2. Select PowerSHAPEXXX and select Remove.

This will remove PowerSHAPE and any sub products that were installed with it. It will NOT remove the shareddb directory or the parts directory which are left permanently on the machine. The PAF file directory will not be affected either.

Starting PowerSHAPE 1. From the Start menu select All Programs. 2. Select Delcam. 3. Select PowerSHAPE. 4. Select the PowerSHAPE version number.


You can also double click the PowerSHAPE icon on your desktop. After a brief wait, the program starts up. A new large window appears on the screen. This is PowerSHAPE.

Starting PowerSHAPE in different modes You can start PowerSHAPE in different modes.

1. Click on the PowerSHAPE icon on your desktop using the right mouse button.

2. Select Properties from the pop-up menu.


The PowerSHAPE Properties dialogue box is displayed, showing the following Target path:

3. At the end of the Target path enter a space followed by the switch

for the required start mode. The example below shows the switch -designer "C:\Program Files\Delcam\ 17\sys\exec\*\DelcamLauncher.exe" -designer where * is the product installed, for example, POWERSHAPE-PRO, PSHAPE, PS-MOLDMAKER. This will start PowerSHAPE in PowerSHAPE Designer mode. For further details, see Table of PowerSHAPE start modes (on page 20).

The availability of start modes is subject to obtaining the relevant product licence.

Table of PowerSHAPE start modes The available start modes are described in the following table.

The availability of start modes is subject to obtaining the relevant product licence.


Start mode Switch Products

Start in designer mode -designer

Start in designer evaluation mode -designere Start in drafting mode -draft

-df Start in electrodemaker mode -electrode Start in estimator mode -estimator Start in jewelsmith mode -jewel Start in jewelsmith evaluation mode -jewele Start in pressmaker mode -press

Start in powerMILL modelling mode -mill Start in PowerSHAPE-e mode -e

-free Start in PowerSHAPE-Pro mode -pro

Start in sketcher mode -sketcher Start in surfacing mode -surfacer

-su Commands

Start with n check level (-1->4) -check_level n

Start with database core of n size in MB (1 or more)

-db_core n

Import given file -import filename

Load named model file -file filename

Run macro file -macro filename

View these options -help

Window sizes

Start normal size -normal Start maximised -max Start minimised -min Set window position, width and height

size x,y,w,h


Type the switch for the start mode in the Target path of the product Properties dialogue box before starting the program. For further details, see Starting PowerSHAPE in different modes (on page 19). To use a combination of start modes (for example -designer -normal) type them in the Target path leaving a space between them. To view the available start modes in PowerSHAPE, use the switch -help in the Target path before starting the program. The dialogue box shown below is displayed:

What is the Browser? The Browser is an additional support window in PowerSHAPE where the on-line help, interactive help and tutorials are displayed.


Opening the Browser To open the Browser select one of the options from the PowerSHAPE Help menu, shown below.

You can also select Browser from the Windows option on the View menu.

Using the Browser Navigation buttons are provided to assist you find the help you require.

Click on a tab in the Browser to display the information:

Home - This displays a welcome information page for the PowerSHAPE product you are using.


Learning Assistant - This tab is inactive if a PS Moldmaker wizard if running. For further information on the Learning Assistant see Getting Help with PowerSHAPE.

Tutorial - For further information see Getting Help with PowerSHAPE (on page 25).

Help - For further information see Getting Help with PowerSHAPE (on page 25).

Delcam.com browser.

PS-Team - This displays PS-Team (Delcam's web-based collaborative project management system) if you have it installed and configured. Use the PowerSHAPE Options page to configure PS-Team.

PS-Team History - This displays the revision history of your current model within , if you have PS-Team installed and configured (using the PowerSHAPE Options page) for revision history control.

PS-Moldmaker. This tab is only active when a PS-Moldmaker wizard is running in the Browser.

Closing the Browser To close the Browser click the cross shown below:


Getting Help with PowerSHAPE You can get help with using PowerSHAPE in one the following ways:

1. Tooltips (on page 25) 2. Status Bar Help (on page 25) 3. Standard on-line Help (on page 26) 4. PowerSHAPE Learning Assistant (on page 26) 5. Manuals (on page 28) 6. Tutorials (on page 28)

Tooltips Placing the cursor over a button will display a brief description of the function of the button.

Status Bar Help Placing the cursor over a button will display information about the button in the status bar.


Standard on-line Help 1. Select Help from the PowerSHAPE menu to display the options.

2. Select Contents And Index to display the help in the Browser. 3. You can change the display by selecting the following:

Displays the help in the full width of the Browser.

Displays the Contents or Index.

PowerSHAPE Learning Assistant Start the Learning Assistant in one of the following ways to display the options in the Browser:

1. Select Learning Assistant from the PowerSHAPE Help menu.

2. Select tab in the Browser.

The Learning Assistant explains the steps required to use each main PowerSHAPE function. Click on the steps to display drop down interactive help to guide you through the tasks.


The help is context sensitive and updates automatically as you use PowerSHAPE.

Using the Learning Assistant to create a single line 1. Select Creating Objects to display the drop down menu.

2. Click Lines .


3. Click Single Line . You can get help on creating a single line by clicking How?

4. Create the line in the graphics window.

5. Click Exit line creation to end line creation. 6. The Learning Assistant displays Editing Lines options.

Manuals Adobe® Acrobat® versions of the individual PowerSHAPE manuals can be downloaded from http://updates.delcam.com (http://updates.delcam.com) To print the manuals you must have Adobe® Acrobat® Reader installed. You can download a free copy of Adobe Acrobat Reader from Adobe's web site www.adobe.com (http://www.adobe.com)

Tutorials PS-Tutorials is a free add-on module, some now available in different languages. If you are running a non-English language version of PowerSHAPE, the page showing the tutorial list will be in your language but some of the actual tutorials may be in English. The following tutorials are available:

PowerSHAPE Basic line creation and entering positions Line and arc creation 2D curve editing Surface and solid modelling Decoration and texture Rendering Fixing problems in imported models Editing the solid tree Drafting

PS-Moldmaker Fixing problems in imported models Designing a moldbase


(Only avis and data imports are provided for this tutorial) Delcam Designer Basic line creation and entering positions Line and arc creation 2D curve editing Surface and solid modelling Rendering Modelling with wrapped triangulated artwork Drafting

PS-Shoemaker AVIs and data imports only are provided for the PS-Shoemaker tutorials Modelling Editing the solid tree Decoration and texture Grading Drafting Punch modeller

Installing Tutorials PS-Tutorials will be installed as part of the normal installation process. The type of PowerSHAPE licence you have will determine the tutorials that are initially installed. The other tutorials can be installed by modifying your installation. You can download tutorials from the PowerSHAPE web site www.powershape.com.

Accessing Tutorials Start the tutorials in one of the following ways:


From the Help menu:

1. Select Tutorials to display the tutorials.

2. Select Contents and Index then select the Tutorials tab in the browser window.

Select Browser from the Windows option of the View

menu.window.

Click on the Tutorials tab in the browser window.


Using a Tutorial 1. Select an option from the Tutorials menu displayed in the Browser,

as shown below:

2. The Introduction is displayed and has two sections of

information for the tutorial you have selected.


3. Select a section to work through, as shown below:

4. Select the step you wish to work through, as shown below:

5. You can use the tutorial in the following ways:

Watch a demonstration of each step by selecting View the AVI. This gives an overview of the functionality in this step.

Import a model by selecting Import Data (where this option is available) in readiness for working through the step.

Select Step by step instructions to work through this step of the tutorial. This gives you hands-on experience of the functionality.


Example data You can import sample data to use in PowerSHAPE. These samples are all deliberately simple models to make it easy for you to experiment with them.

1. From the File menu, select Examples. 2. Select a file and the data is imported.

In some cases, a dialogue box is displayed to use with the data. The following example data is available:

1. Concept aircraft 2. Perfume bottle 3. Jigsaw piece 4. Milk bottle 5. Shoe sole

Further information For details of the complete functionality, refer to the set of PowerSHAPE User Manuals that are available on-line. You can access these from the Help menu in PowerSHAPE.

Training courses Training courses are available. Please contact your Delcam Sales Partner for further details.

Date post:	22-Nov-2014
Category:	Documents
Upload:	khalid-abd-elghany
View:	538 times
Download:	1 times