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Platzhalter für Bild, Bild auf Titelfolie hinter das Logo einsetzen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Marc-O. Löwner, 29. April 2013
Grenzüberschreitendes 13. Sächsische GI/GIS/GDI-Forum am 29.-30. April in Dresden
Geo data for private transportation questions
Our daily hazard on the streets
2.361.457 accidents on German
streets in 2011
306.266 accidents causing
personal injury
4.722 fatal accidents
Damages to persons in 2011 [%]
killed badly injured slightly
injured
build up areas out-of-town highway
Statistisches Bundesamt 2012
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 2
Accidents caused by influence of weather (in total)
bad weather
crosswind
dazzling sun
hail or snow storm
fog
[No
. o
f p
ers
on
s]
Statistisches Bundesamt 2012
1.54% of all accidents
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 3
Accidents by influence of weather (killed persons)
bad Weather
crosswind
dazzling sun
hail or snow storm
fog
[No
. o
f p
ers
on
s]
Statistisches Bundesamt 2012
2.16% of all accidents
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 4
dazzling by low sun conditions is a danger
to private transportation
today, no warning service is available,
either by public authorities or private
navigation system providers
Risk assessment of dazzling is
possible for transport infrastructure
networks !
Small application project supported by the
Verein zur Förderung der Geoinformatik in
Norddeutschlang GiN e.V.
„Massenkarambolage von 259 Autos auf der A2 Bei einer Massenkarambolage auf der Autobahn A2 in Niedersachsen wurden mehr als 60 Menschen verletzt, zehn davon erlitten schwere Verletzungen. Nach heftigen Regenfällen verloren im Bereich Peine mehrere Fahrer die Kontrolle über ihre Autos. Der Sachschaden soll in die Millionenhöhe gehen. […] Ein Grund für die Vielzahl der Beteiligten war nach erster Einschätzung der Polizei auch, dass viele Fahrer bei dem schlechten Wetter zu schnell unterwegs waren und zu wenig Abstand zum Vordermann hielten. Die tiefstehende Sonne behinderte die Sicht erheblich, sagte ein Sprecher der Braunschweiger Autobahnpolizei. […]“
20.7.2009 www.welt.de
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 5
Risik assesment of dazzling by low sun conditions
Risik assesment of dazzling by low sun conditions
main target:
Modelling of dazzling effects on the highways of Lower Saxony for one year with high
temporal resolution
model components
street data
position of the sun in a high temporal resolution
vehicle model
result
Movie of street segments under risk
not considered
digital terrain model
surrounding infrastructure
weather effects (reflection from the lane)
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 6
Street information from OpenStreetMap
started 2004
Volunteered Geographic Information
user-generated Content
non-professionals may add coordinates,
objects and attributes. They also may
change existing ones.
pPublished under ShareAlike 2.0 Generic
(CC BY-SA 2.0)
users are allowed to use and share data,
even for commercial purposes
Zimmermann & Löwner (2012)
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 7
position of the sun
angle and azimuth of the sun (AstAlm 2006;
Meeus 2000) for every 15 minutes
26.200 pairs of angles for one geometry
h
N
Vertikalwinkel
Horizontalwinkel
0103 9:45 143.871086524855 7.5960694032043
0103 10:00 147.105451090724 8.88208963931512
0103 10:15 150.393674576367 10.0626732182494
0103 10:30 153.734117939271 11.1306801587273
0103 10:45 157.124065211231 12.0798261642064
0103 11:00 160.559715910859 12.9045201956266
0103 11:15 164.036211005061 13.5998340957865
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 8
vehicle model
three main danger classes
dazzling from forward view
dazzling from forward view in spite of put
on solar screen
dazzling from behind
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 9
data infrastructure
OSM Data PostgreSQL osm2pgsql
Ja
va
angle of
the sun
Risk assesment
Ja
va
visualization
Arc
Ob
jects
result pgsql2shape
SQ
L
split
polylines
orientation of
street segments
SQ
L
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 10
results
733.600.000 evaluations of single
geometries
403 km (43 %) of highways are
affected in Lower Saxony
Highway interchange Osnabrück
forward view: 171 h/a (75 h/a)
forward view in spite of put on solar
screen: 133 h/a (28 h/a)
from behind: 63 h/a (44 h)
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 11
can we go any further?
Advises from ACE Auto Club Europa e.V.
put on solar sreen
approach crossings slowly
use trafic lights not expossed to direct sun
use sun glasses
clean front window
keep savety distance
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 12
Architecture of a solar risk service
start
end
PSnPZn
tn
t1
PS1PZ1
route (http)
Solar Risk
Service
split geometry
time stamp City-DB
position of the sun
evaluate geometry
deliver evaluated route
synchronize
CityGML
X3D
KML
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 13
Automotive risk service
Start
Ziel
PSnPZn
tn
t1
PS1PZ1
route (http)
Solar Risk
Service
split geometry
time stamp City-DB
position of the sun
evaluate geometry
deliver evaluated route
synchronize
CityGML
X3D
KML
field of vision field of vision
building
Automotive risk
service
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 14
Further requirements
semantical enriched 3D-city models: CityGML
geometries for line of sight analysis (CityGML’s LoD 2 Building model would be best)
semantical information on function and usage of buildings (attributes are partly available
in the Building class)
fusion of infrastructure information (geo data) and vehicle sensors used in Advanced
Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS)
precise position
interaction with driver
communication infrastructure
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 15
Thank you for your attention !
29.04.2013 | Marc-O. Löwner | Geo data for private transportation questions | Seite 16