GIFTS - The Precursor Geostationary Satellite Component of a GIFTS - The Precursor Geostationary Satellite Component of a Future Earth Observing SystemFuture Earth Observing System

W. Smith1, H. Revercomb2, G. Bingham3, F. Harrison1, P. Regeon4, R. Petersen5, and J. Dodge1

1NASA, 2UW, 3USU,4 Navy, 5NOAA; An Earth Science Vision: Technology Pathways And Challenges For 20252002 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (23-28 June, Toronto CA)

A 20/20 Vision (Weather in Our Palm)A 20/20 Vision (Weather in Our Palm)

By the year 2020, mankind will have the By the year 2020, mankind will have the technology (observations and models) to technology (observations and models) to

digitize the earth’s surface and its atmosphere digitize the earth’s surface and its atmosphere with a resolution of 1 km and 1 minute with a resolution of 1 km and 1 minute

AndAnd

Every individual on earth will have personal Every individual on earth will have personal and timely access to weather observations and and timely access to weather observations and accurate weather forecasts through a “palm” accurate weather forecasts through a “palm”

computer/display unitcomputer/display unit. .

Vision RequirementsVision Requirements

• Global continuous earth observing system

• Computer system capable of continuous real-time 4-d assimilation of global

data to create a “Digital Earth”

• Accurate model of the Earth system

• Global real-time data/information delivery system

• Personal (i.e., hand held) data access and display system

Sensor/Communications/Computational WebSensor/Communications/Computational Web

ESE Vision Sensor WebESE Vision Sensor Web

Low Earth Orbiting:Low Earth Orbiting:• Global coverage• High spatial resolution• Microwave sounding • GPS density profiles • LIDAR for winds, H2O, O3, CO2 Geostationary Earth Orbiting:Geostationary Earth Orbiting:• High temporal resolution (weather dynamics)• Tracer wind velocities• Synergism with ground-based observations • Lightning and microwave precipitation

4-d Digital Camera:4-d Digital Camera:

•

Horizontal:Horizontal: Large area format Focal Plane detector Arrays

Vertical:Vertical: Fourier Transform Spectrometer

Time: Time: Geostationary Satellite

New Technology for Atmospheric Temperature, Moisture, & Winds

EO-3 “GIFTS-IOMI”

GGeostationary IImaging FFourier TTransform SSpectrometer GIFTS GIFTS – – A revolutionary weather forecast toolA revolutionary weather forecast tool

GIFTS Sampling CharacteristicsGIFTS Sampling Characteristics

• Two 128x 128 Infrared focal plane detector arrays with 4 km footprint size

• Two 512 x 512 Visible focal plane detector arrays with 1 km footprint size

• Field of Regard 512 km x 512 km at satellite sub-point

• Ten second full spectral resolution integration time per Field of Regard

Shortwave IR Focal Plane: (4.4 to 6.1 microns)

• Water vapor sounding

• Carbon Monoxide profiling

• Boundary layer temperature sounding

• Surface temperature

• Cloud Properties

GIFTS IR MeasurementsGIFTS IR Measurements

Wavenumber(cm-1)

Wavelength (m)

Wavenumber(cm-1)

Wavelength (m)

Longwave IR Focal Plane:

(8.8 to 14.6 microns)• Temperature sounding

• Ozone profiling

• Cloud altitude

• Surface temperature

• Cloud Properties

GIFTS – Water Vapor Airborne ValidationGIFTS – Water Vapor Airborne Validation

Alt

itu

de

(km

)

Relative H

um

idity (%

)

Distance (75 km)

3km

Airborne Demonstration of Concept: 1-2 km vertical resolution water vapor profile measurements

NASTRaob

Wavenumber(cm-1)

H2O Radiance SpectrumWavelength (m)

Water Vapor Flux (3 x 3 GIFTS Cubes)Water Vapor Flux (3 x 3 GIFTS Cubes)

Roadmap to Next GenerationRoadmap to Next Generation

Studies Laboratory Demonstration

Future Geo-Sats

Aircraft

Water Vapor Tracer Wind Demonstration

EO-3 (GIFTS-IOMI)

GIFTS-IOMI Program ConceptGIFTS-IOMI Program Concept

Imaging InterferometerCryogenic Michelson Interferometer

Laser Metrology System

On-Board Calibration

LFPA and Cryogenic Cooling128 x 128 Infrared Detector Arrays

Redundant Cryo-Coolers

High Speed Signal ProcessingRad-Hard Analog to Digital Converters

PowerPC Rad750

Data Compression Rad-Hard Processors

Pointing and ControlStar Tracker

512 x 512 Visible Detector Arrays

Lightweight Optics

SiC Telescope

TECHNOLOGY

VALIDATION

Indian Ocean Ops

NASA - Demonstrate Wind Sounding Measurement Concept & Validate the Technologies

NOAA - Demonstrate Operational Utility & Infuses Technology into NOAA instruments

Navy - Provides Advanced Imaging/Sounding Data Products for Fleet Operations

INFUSION

GIFTS Fills Geostationary Data VoidGIFTS Fills Geostationary Data Void

GIFTS-IOMI

(India)83 E

(USA) 75º E

GIFTS – The Geostationary ComponentGIFTS – The Geostationary Component

GIFTSGIFTS

CALIPSO

Aqua

CloudSat

PARASOL

Aura

NPP/NPOESS

The Significance of GIFTSThe Significance of GIFTS

Observation Capability Will Observation Capability Will Revolutionize Weather &Revolutionize Weather & Air Quality ForecastingAir Quality Forecasting

• Hurricane landfall (steering wind profiles)

• Tornadic storms (stability change monitoring)

• Nowcasting (rapid measurement update)

• Numerical prediction (initial p,T,q,V data)

• Air quality forecasts (O3 and CO transport)