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NG9-1-1 / LAND MOBILE RADIO & LTE / EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Lights, Camera, NG9-1-1!
Diana Gijselaers
September 24, 2014
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Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
TODAY
•GIS
•Brief History of 9-1-1
•NG9-1-1 Basics
•How GIS is used in NG9-1-1
•NG9-1-1 Call Flow Skit
3
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 4
WHAT IS GIS?
Geographic Information Systems
According to Esri: „A geographic information system
(GIS) integrates hardware, software, and data for
capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all
forms of geographically referenced information.‟
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 5
WHAT DOES GIS DO?
Store, reference, combine, and analyze multiple
layers
Allows you to query based on geographic location
Allows you to Visualize data
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 6
WHAT DOES GIS DO?
GIS works with geographic features and their
corresponding attribute information.
• Vector - Point, line, polygon representations of real
world features with associated attributes
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
WHAT IS 9-1-1?
According to NENA: The three-digit telephone number "9-1-1" has
been designated as the "Universal Emergency Number," for
citizens throughout the United States to request emergency
assistance. It is intended as a nationwide telephone number and
gives the public fast and easy access to a Public Safety Answering
Point (PSAP).
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Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
PRE 9-1-1
Confusion reigned over who to
call and where to send help!
Before 9-1-1
There was a different 7-digit number for each emergency service (Police, Fire, Ambulance)
People looked up these numbers in a local printed telephone directory – used one lately?
• Also refrigerator magnets and telephone stickers
Or you dialed “0” and asked an Operator to connect you to the Police, Fire Dept, etc.
You had to provide your name, your callback number, and describe your location in detail
Page 8
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
DAWN OF 9-1-1
For the first time, a single number to dial to
reach all emergency services, regardless
of service type, anywhere in the country
Nationwide Service Debuts (1968)
• Service – strictly voice
• Network – analog, circuit switched
• No callback number transmitted
• No location information
• No computers … just telephones!
Page 9
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BASIC 9-1-1
ANI Arrives (mid-1970’s)
• Service – voice centric
• Network – analog, circuit switched
• Data debuts – now have a callback number
• Analog call processing computer solutions
• Telephone separate from the computer
Beginnings of voice and data
working together to save lives Page 10
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
ENHANCED 9-1-1
ALI Data (late-1970’s)
• Database lookup using ANI over a serial link
• Now have a number, a fixed location, and a name!
• Service – voice centric with minimal data (ALI)
• Networks – analog & digital (separate networks)
• Closest 3 emergency service agencies displayed
• Tandem (TDM) selective routing to servicing PSAP
• 1A2 key systems with terminal screen displays
• Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) in mid-1990s
Page 11
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
WIRELESS LOCATION
Phase 0
• 9-1-1 calls answered at a PSAP
• No callback number transmitted
• No location information transmitted
Phase I
• Callback number transmitted
• Cellular tower ID and service radius transmitted
Phase II
• Estimated caller location and confidence value
• Mapped ALI plots with lat/long (x,y) coordinates
• ALI retransmit updates location for callers in motion
New data affects networks along with CPE and
PSAP operationsPage 12
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
ENHANCED 911 DIAGRAM - WIRELINE
LEC
Central
Office
911
Database
Voice + ANI
Voice + ANI
PSAP
911
Tandem
Local Exchange
Carrier (LEC)
reports phone
number, name, and
physical address to
911 database
providers.
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911 Tandem
Office
Selective
Router
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
ENHANCED 911 DIAGRAM - WIRELESS
Voice + ANI
PSAP
911 Tandem
Office
Selective
Router
Voice + ANI + p-
ANI + Phase I or
Phase II location
information
911
Database
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Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
HOW IS GIS USED IN E9-1-1?
Confirming/validating emergency caller‟s
location
Display emergency caller‟s location on a
map
Provide vehicular routing
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
E9-1-1 LOCATION VALIDATION & CALL ROUTING
Master Street Address Guide (MSAG) – A data base of street
names and house number ranges within their associated defining
Emergency Services Zones (ESZs) and their associated
Emergency Service Numbers (ESNs) to enable proper routing of 9-
1-1 calls. Primary functions: validate address and assign ESN.
Selective Router (SR) – The routing of a 9-1-1 call to the proper
PSAP based upon the location of the caller. Selective routing is
controlled by the ESN which is derived from the customer location.
Selective Routing Data Base (SRDB) – The routing table that
contains telephone number to ESN relationships which determine
the routing of 9-1-1 calls.
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Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Arrival of IP• TCI / IP-based packet-switched networks
o Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
• Geo-spatial IP selective routers
o Location Information Services (LIS)
• “ALI” embedded in IP data stream
• No longer arrives on a separate serial link
• Transitional implementations via gateways
o Translate CAMA to IP; backward compatibility
• ESINets – Emergency Services IP Networks
• Industry is currently finalizing Next Gen i3 standards
• Secure Text, Video, Pictures, Telematics, Medical Data
NEXT GENERATION 9-1-1
Page 17
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
NENA NG9-1-1 – I3 ELEMENTSSIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM (WITH ENGLISH SUBTITLES!)
Legacy
PSAP
ESInet
ECRF
LNG
NENA i3 or
SIP capable
PSAPESRP
LIS
LVF
BCFLPGSubscriber
Database
Carrier
TDM
Networks
Carrier
IP
Networks
Internet Based
Service
Providers
Telematics /
Telemetrics
Providers
Multi-Media
Location Info
9-1-1 Call
Routing
Control
Gateway
Gateway
Pictures, Video, Graphics
Border Control
Subscriber Info
InputsOutputs
PRFPolicy
Routing
Function
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
ESINET COMPONENTS & GIS
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Border Control Function
(BCF)
Location Information
Server
(LIS)
Emergency Services Routing
Proxy
(ESRP)
Location Validation Function
(LVF)
PSAP
Emergency Call Routing Function
(ECRF)
Spatial Information
Function
(SIF)
Mapping
Legacy Network Gateway
(LNG)
9-1-1 Authority
GIS Data
PRF
ESInet
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
HOW IS GIS USED IN NG9-1-1?
Location Validation
Geospatial Call Routing
Confirming/validating emergency caller‟s
location
Display emergency caller‟s location on a
map
Provide vehicular routing
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
ACT I: GIS DATA PROVISIONING
GIS Data is created at the local level
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BCF ESRP
LVF
PSAP
ECRF
Map
Spatial Information
Function
(SIF)
Local Government/
9-1-1 Authority GIS
Data
SIF – Spatial Information Function
• Base database for NG9-1-1 – maintains copies of required
GIS layers
•Nearly all location related data is derived from the SIF
•SIF supplies data for the ECRF/LVF and map views for
alternate PSAPs
•Provisioned by the 9-1-1 Authority, or other government
agencies
•Provides an interface between an authoritative copy of GIS
data and Functional Elements within the ESInet
Here‟s
your GIS
Data
Provision GIS Data
Edit & QA/QC GIS
Data
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Road Centerline - Required
• Emergency Services Boundary - Required
•Authoritative Boundary- Required
•Address Points – Strongly Recommended
Optional GIS Dataset for ECRF/LVF – can be useful to particular ECRF/LVF
implementations to facilitate the URI mapping of invalid or incomplete civic location
•States or Equivalents – Strongly Recommended
•Counties or Equivalents – Strongly Recommended
•Municipal Boundary – Strongly Recommended
GIS DATA PROVISIONED BY THE SIF
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Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Emergency Service Boundary
Service URN – Service Uniform Resource Name
nena:service:sos
Route URI – Route Uniform Resource Identifier
NEW FIELDS TO NG9-1-1
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Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
HOW IS GIS USED IN NG9-1-1?
920 NE 5TH PL, Gainesville, FL
1020 NE 5TH PL, Gainesville, FL
1107 NE 5TH PL, Gainesville, FL
Location Validation – greater accuracy with address points
preDir Street Low High Comm State O/E ESN
NE 5TH PL 920 929
Gaines
ville FL B 1
NE 5TH PL 1004 1035
Gaines
ville FL B 1
NE 5TH PL 1102 1115
Gaines
ville FL B 1
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
LOCATION VALIDATION
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E9-1-1
MSAG
Tabular database
NG9-1-1
LVF
GIS database
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
HOW GIS IS USED IN NG9-1-1
Geospatial call routing – ECRF GIS Query
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Location coordinate
of emergency call
PSAP Boundary with
Service URN
Route URI from
PSAP boundary
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
HOW GIS IS USED IN NG9-1-1
Route to a PSAP
Route to Mobile Command Center
Route to a Queue
Geospatial call routing
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Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
CALL ROUTING
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E9-1-1
Selective Router
Tabular query
NG 9-1-1
ECRF
GIS query
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
BENEFITS OF GIS AND NG9-1-1
Allows call validation to an address point, not just a
street based address range
Enables on the fly call routing changes that take
effect within minutes
Allows 9-1-1 calls to routed based on location to a
specific PSAP or call queue
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
ACT II: NG9-1-1 LOCATION VALIDATION
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Location Information
Server
(LIS)
Location Validation Function
(LVF)
Emergency Call Routing Function
(ECRF)
Spatial Information Function
(SIF)
9-1-1 Authority
GIS Data
Is this a valid
location in GIS? YES or NO
LIS – Location Information Server
•Calling devices query the LIS
•Civic addresses are validated prior to being stored
in the LIS by the LVF – validated against the GIS
•Returns a PIDF-LO (Presence Information Data
Format – Location Object) – can be a civic
address or a geo-coordinate
LVF – Location Validation Function
• Pre-validation, validates before loading to the LIS
database
•Similar to MSAG, verifies that the civic location
matches a known address in the 9-1-1 Authorities
service area
•Able to validate an address, not just address range
•Receives as input: PIDF-LO and service URN –
returns – location validation
•Queried by LOST protocol
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
ACT III: NG9-1-1 GEOSPATIAL CALL ROUTING
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Emergency Services Routing
Proxy
(ESRP)
Location Validation Function
(LVF)
PSAP
Emergency Call Routing Function
(ECRF)
Spatial Information Function
(SIF)
Mapping
9-1-1 Authority
GIS Data
Where do I route
the call?
Route to PSAP A
ESRP – Emergency Services Routing Proxy
• Call routing engine
•Closest thing to a selective router in NG9-1-1
•Uses the ECRF(GIS) to choose how to route a
9-1-1 call
ECRF – Emergency Call Routing Function
• Provides GIS based Next Generation call
routing
•Replaces legacy selective router databases
•Allows for alternate dynamic call routing
•Receives as input: PIDF-LO and service
URN– returns –route URI
•Queried by LoST protocol
PRF
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Presence Information Data Format – Location
Object
<civicAddress xml:lang=”en-US”
xmlns=”urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:civicAddr”>
<country>US</country>
<A1>Colorado</A1>
<A3>Grand Junction</A3>
<A6>Main</A3>
<STS>St</STS>
<HNO>123</HNO>
</civicAddress>
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Service Uniform Resource
Name
nena:service:sos
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Route Uniform Resource
Identifier
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
Location-to-Service Translation
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <findService
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:lost1" recursive="true"
serviceBoundary="value"> <location id="627b8bf819d0bcd4d"
profile="civic"> <civicAddress
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:civicAddr">
<country>US</country> <A1>Colorado</A1>
<A3>Grand Junction</A3> <RD>Main</RD>
<STS>ST</STS> <HNO>123</HNO> </civicAddress>
</location> <service>urn:service:sos</service>
</findService>
Copyright © 2014 Airbus DS Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
WHAT TO TAKE AWAY
‘Check’ Your NG9-1-1 GIS Checklist:
Do you know the Importance of GIS in NG 9-1-1
environment?
Do you understand NG9-1-1 Call Flow and which components
rely on GIS?
Is your current GIS data ready for NG9-1-1?
Is your GIS data in sync and consistent with the MSAG and
ALI?
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