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436436436436----105 Engineering Communications105 Engineering Communications105 Engineering Communications105 Engineering Communications
Professor Malcolm GoodDepartment of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
Engineering GraphicsDrawing and sketchingGeometric modelling
Written and oralcommunication
‘VISION and …PRECISION’
Twin rotor turbopump
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Subject organisation
• Written and oral communications– 10 × 1-h workshops (WO1 - W10)
The subject is in two parts:
• Engineering graphics– 17 × 1-h lectures– 7 × 1-h tutorials– 4 × 2-h drawing office labs (D1 - D4)– 3 × 2-h computer labs (C1 - C3)
• Assessment– Lab assignments (20%)– Workshops (15%)– Examination (65%)– Revision quiz on the Web (0%)
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ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Engineering is a creative profession:
… engineers create what has never been’
Why graphics ?
Why engineering ?
… a universal language… used in creation and communication
‘scientists explore what is …
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A universal graphic language?A universal graphic language?
Egyptian hieroglyphs were based on recognisable graphic symbolsEgyptian hieroglyphs were based on recognisable graphic symbols
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Chinese characters became much more abstract
Chinese characters became much more abstract
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Many Western languages use standard symbols,but not in a universal way …
Hello
Bon Jour
Guten Tag
G’day
...
GL1:7But graphic images from 15,000-18,000 BCcommunicate very effectively today
Red ochre cave paintingVallon-Pont-d'Arc, France
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With a well-defined• vocabulary• syntax, and• grammar
for engineering graphics, we can represent objects in a universally understandable way, and without ambiguity.
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Engineering graphics are used in:✔ development of ideas ✔ analysis of performance✔ communication of concepts and detail
What and why do we want to communicate?
A model of the engineering design process
Recognisea need
Recognisea need
Create adesign
Create adesign
Preparea modelPreparea model
Test &evaluateTest &
evaluateCommunicate
the designCommunicate
the design
Improvethe designImprove
the design
Iteration
A flowchart
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Engineers design three-dimensional devicesof endless geometric diversity ...
an automobile part
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a printer
Imagine trying to describe this
printer, precisely, using verbal
communication
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a centrifugal fan
graphical methods used for working out
impeller geometry
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a rotary destacker
many parts must fit together
properly when assembled
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an ore crusher
cross-sectional views aid
understanding
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a vehicle
complex surface
geometry
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an indulgence ...
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Engineering graphics is involved at every stageof the design process
Recognisea need
Recognisea need
Create adesign
Create adesign
Preparea modelPreparea model
Test &evaluateTest &
evaluateCommunicate
the designCommunicate
the design
Improvethe designImprove
the design
Iteration
Let’s look at some differenttypes of engineering drawing ...
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One-point(parallel)
Two-point(angular)
Three-point(oblique)
Perspective(converging lines of sight)
3rd-angle 1st-angle
Orthogonal
Isometric Dimetric Trimetric
Axonometric
Cavalier Cabinet General
Oblique
Orthographic projection(parallel lines of sight)
Pictorial
Wiring & circuit diagrams
Flow & organisation charts
Graphs
Vector analysis Nomographs
Graphical mathematics
Diagrams, charts, graphical computations
Engineering drawing
Classificationof engineeringdrawings (EDH)
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Some examples ...Sketches (free-hand drawings)Used to develop and communicate ideas
pictorial view,oblique projection
GL1:21Sketches Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Perspectiveprojection
Parallelprojection
We will study ‘orthographic’ projection
systems in detail
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Sketches
Used to support analysis
Free-body diagramof loaded cantilever beam
load P
bendingmoment M
shearforce V
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Some examples ...Layout drawings (overall design concept)
orthogonalprojection
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Multiple Mirror Telescope (6.5 m diameter)
Space (spatial relationships)for space (exploration)!
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Locations of mirror supports and load spreadersfor the 6.5 m MMT
GL1:262-axis actuator used for load spreading
GL1:27Assembly drawing: identify components and how
they fit together
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Multiview drawing
in 3rd-angleorthographicprojection
Top view (plan)
Isometricpictorial view
Detail drawings: specify for manufacture
Right sideview
Front view
GL1:29Circuit diagrams: specify relationships
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Objectives for this subject:Proficiency in:
• Geometricmodelling
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Objectives for this subject:Proficiency in:
• Geometricmodelling
• Graphic communication
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Thomas Edison:sketch of originalphonograph 1877
Thomas Edison:sketch of originalphonograph 1877
Objectives for this subject:Proficiency in:
• Geometricmodelling
• Graphic communication
• Graphic aids to ideation
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Watson & Crickdouble helixstructure ofDNA 1953
Objectives for this subject:Proficiency in:
• Geometricmodelling
• Graphic communication
• Graphic aids to ideation
• Visualisation in 3-D
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What you need• Technical Graphics Communication, 2nd edn
(Bertoline, Wiebe, et al. 1997) - $75* Essential
• Printed notes, tutorial and lab assignments- $7.25* Essential (Bookroom or from Web)
* less 10% discount
• Engineering Drawing Handbook (IEAust, Standards Australia 1993) - $45Recommended: Australian standards
• Drawing instruments (see handout list)- $45 - $100 Highly desirable: some essential
• An ECR account (see Duty Programmer) -Free! Essential
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Eng Com on the Web
http://www.mame.mu.oz.au/~mcg/EngComor, navigate from University home page
� Department of Mech. & Manuf. Eng.
� Undergraduate Affairs
� 436-105 Engineering Communications
• Lecture presentations
• Lab work, tutorial solutions, ...
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Follow up• Read Bertoline:
– Ch 1: Introduction to Graphics Communication– Ch 2: The Engineering Design Process– Ch 3: Technical Drawing Tools
• Do problems from Bertoline:– Probs 1.6, 1.7, 1.8
• Check the EngCom web site• Senior tutor: Gavin Dober (tutes/labs)[email protected]
