Global Alliance of Pet

Food Associations

Association of

American Feed Control

Officials

Global Nutrition Standards:

To be or not to be?

My Orders of the Day

Identify advantages of the establishment of global

Pet Food Standards

Identify the challenges

Provide the details of the AAFCO process of

establishing standards

the role AAFCO might play in achieving global

standards

Not my orders of the day

I am not a nutritionist

Nutrition questions relative to the AAFCO profiles will

need to be addressed to the chairman of the expert

committee Dr. William Burkholder.

Advantages

When possible, It’s almost always better to cooperate

It makes life simpler for both industry and regulators

It makes trade easier

Elevates consumer confidence

Challenges

My Science

Your Science

Our Science?

Association of American Feed Control

Officials (AAFCO) established 1909 for the

purpose of:

Establish standard laws and regulations (Model Bill)

Create equitable, clear, mutually understood feed

definitions

Establish the process for acceptance of new feed

ingredients

Establish uniform labeling procedures.

AAFCO in 2017

Includes 47 states and 2 countries

Maintains a large and robust list of feed terms and

definitions.

Operates one of the largest laboratory proficiency testing

programs in the world

Works to standardize laws, regulations and labeling for

commercial feed including pet food among U.S. states

the U.S., Canada and Costa Rica.

Collaborates with U.S. Food and Drug Administration to

assure the safe manufacture, labeling and distribution of

feed

Publishes the Official Publication (OP)

AAFCO: a deliberative process

Twelve committees perform work of the association.

They provide research and vet the issues through discussion and

vigorous debate.

Industry and consumers provides input through their advisory

role on the committees

Only regulatory members of the committees vote.

The committees make recommendations to a 9 member Board

of Directors before issues are then voted on by the

membership. Each dues paying state and country have a vote.

AAFCO Pet Food Profiles first established

in 1992

The Pet Food Committee established an expert panel to establish practical minimum and maximum limits on nutrient levels in dogs and cats.

These expert members utilized their practical experience, data from National Research Council, and other nutrient research studies to develop the profiles.

The profiles and rationale for the nutrient values were published in the 1992 AAFCO Official Publication.

These profiles are now referenced by the state laws of most of the members of AAFCO.

Members of Original Expert Panel

D.A. Dzanis, DVM, PH.D., Chairman, CVM FDA

J.E. Corin, Ph.D., University of Illinois

G.L. Czarnecki-Maulden, Ph.D., Westrico, Inc

D.A. Hirakawa, Ph.D., The Iams Company

F.A Kallfelz, DVM, PH.D.

M.L. Morris, Jr., DVM, Ph.D., Mark Morris Associates

B.E. Sheffy, Ph.D., Cornell University

Pet Food Profiles Revised

Nationals Research Council published new nutrient

requirement in 2006

In 2007 the AAFCO Pet Food Committee convened an

expert panel.

In 2011 the Expert committee presented its findings to the

Pet food committee

After discussions and revisions the Pet Food profiles were

published in 2012

Expert Panel

William Burkholder, Ph.D, DVM, DACVN, FDA

Gail Kuhlman, Ph.D, Procter & Gamble Pet Care

Rebecca L. Remillard, Ph.D. DVM, DACVN Veterinary Nutritional

Consultations, Inc

Dennis Jewel, Ph.D, Hill’s Pet Nutrition

Gail Czarneki-Maulden Ph.D, Nestle Purina

Tiffany Bierer Ph.D, Mars Pet Care

Michael Panasevich, Summit Ridge Farms

Andy Crawford Ph.D, Nutro Products Inc.

Angele Thompson Ph.D, Tompson Pet Tech

Tables

Yellow underline indicate a 10% difference Red values

represent a 20% difference

These tables need some review for they were

composed in haste very late in the evening, but they

do give a picture of the task.

AAFCO FEDIAF FEDIAF FEDIAF AAFCO

Adult Units per l000 kcal ME Adult Maintenance Adult Maintenance Low Energy Req Adult Maintenance High Energy Req

Nutrients Minimum a Minimum a Minimum a Maximum Maximum

Crude Protein g 45 52.1 45

Arginine g 1.28 1.51 1.3

Histidine g 0.48 0.67 0.58

Isoleucine g 0.95 1.33 1.15

Leucine g 1.7 2.37 2.05

Lysine g 1.58 1.22 1.05

Methionine g 0.83 1.16 1

Methionine-cystine g 1.63 2.21 1.91

Phenylalanine g 1.13 1.56 1.35

Phenylalanine-tyrosine g 1.85

2.58 2.23

Threonine g 1.2

1.51 1.3

Tryptophan g 0.4 0.49 0.43

Valine g 1.23 1.71 1.48

Crude Fat g 13.8 13.75 13.75

Linoleic acid g 2.8 3.82 3.27

alpha-Linolenic acid g ND

Eicosapentaenoic + Docosahexaenoic

acidg ND

(Linoleic + Arachidonic):(alpha-

Linolenic + Eicosapentaenoic +

Docosahexaenoic) acid Rati

30:1

AAFCO FEDIAF FEDIAF FEDIAF AAFCO

Units per l000 kcal ME Adult MaintenanceAdult Maintenance Low Energy

Req

Adult Maintenance High Energy

Req

Minerals

Calcium g 1.251.45 1.25 6.25 (4)

6.25 (4.5)d

Phosphorus g 1 1.16 1 4 4

Ca:P ratio 1:1 1:1 1:1 2:1 (1.6:1) 2:1

Potassium g 1.5 1.45 1.25

Sodium g 0.2 0.29 0.25

Chloride g 0.3 0.43 0.38

Magnesium g 0.15 0.2 0.18

Iron e mg 10 10.4 9

Copper f mg 1.83 2.08 1.8

Manganese mg 1.25 1.67 1.44

Zinc mg 20 20.8 18

Iodine mg 0.25

0.3 0.262.75

Selenium mg 0.0887 ug 75 ug

0.5

Vitamins and Others

Vitamin A IU 1250 1754 1515 100000 62500

Vitamin D IU 125 159 138 800 750

Vitamin E g IU/ 12.5 10.4 9

Thiamine h mg 0.56

0.62 0.54

Riboflavin mg 1.3 1.74 1.5

Pantothenic acid mg 3 4.11 3.55

Niacin mg 3.4 4.74 4.09

Pyridoxine mg 0.38 0.42 0.36

Folic acid mg 0.054 74.7 ug 64.5 ug

Vitamin B12 mg 0.007 9.68 ug 8.36 ug

Choline mg 340 474 409

AAFCO FEDIAF FEDIAF AAFCO

Units per l000 kcal ME Growth and Reproduction Early Growth and ReproductionGrowth and

Reproductton

Nutrients Minimum Minimum Maximum Maximum

Crude Protein g 56.3 62.5

Arginine g 2.5 2.04

Histidine g 1.1 0.98

Isoleucine g 1.78 1.63

Leucine g 3.23 3.23

Lysine g 2.25 2.2 G: 7

Methionine g 0.88 0.88

Methionine-cystine g 1.75 1.75

Phenylalanine g 2.08 1.63

Phenylalanine-tyrosine g 3.25

3.25

Threonine g 2.6

2.03

Tryptophan g 0.5 0.58

Valine g 1.7 1.7

Crude Fat g 21.3 21.25

Arachidonic Acid mg 75

Linoleic acid g 3.3 3.25 EG: 16.25

alpha-Linolenic acid g 0.2

0.2

Eicosapentaenoic + Docosahexaenoic acid g 0.1

0.13

(Linoleic + Arachidonic):(alpha- Linolenic + Eicosapentaenoic +

Docosahexaenoic) acid Rati30:1

AAFCO FEDIAF FEDIAF AAFCO

Growth & Reproduction

Units per l000 kcal ME Growth and Reproduction Early Growth and Reproduction

Calcium g 3 2.5 6.25 (4) 6.25 (4.5)d

Phosphorus g 2.5 2.25 4 4

Ca:P ratio 1:1 1:1 2:1 (1.6:1) 2:1

Potassium g 1.5 1.1

Sodium g 0.8 0.55

Chloride g 1.1 0.83

Magnesium g 0.15 0.1

Iron e mg 22 22

Copper f mg 3.1 2.75

Manganese mg 1.8 1.4

Zinc mg 25 25

Iodine mg 0.25 0.38 2.75

Selenium mg 0.09 100 ug 0.5

Vitamins and Others

Vitamin A IU 1250 1250 100000 62500

Vitamin D IU 125 138 800 750

Vitamin E g IU/ 12.5 12.5

Thiamine h mg 0.56 0.45

Riboflavin mg 1.3 1.05

Pantothenic acid mg 3

3

Niacin mg 3.4 3.4

Pyridoxine mg 0.38 0.3

Folic acid mg 0.054 54 ug

Vitamin B12 mg 0.007 7 ug

Choline mg 340 425

AAFCO’s role in global standards

AAFCO’s 109 year existence is steeped in harmonization. We’ve been working to make trade easier, fairer and assure consumer safety since we began.

AAFCO’s strategic plan includes the broadening of our scope to encourage harmonization of feed terms and definitions among other countries and trade associations.

Since AAFCO is made up of regulatory agencies, with significant outreach to and cooperation from industry and consumers, we’re well positioned as a non-biased deliberative body committed to protecting both industry and consumers.

AAFCO believes we have a strong process for establishing nutrient profiles. It brings together government, industry and consumer input. It is based in science and reviewed by a composite of experts from industry, academia and government. AAFCO relies on our scientific panel to establish our nutritive profiles. Ultimately, for AAFCO, our scientists will decide whether harmonization happens.