Global Inequalities

Affluenza videoAffluenza video

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFZz6ICzpjI&eurl=http://www.geographyalltheway.com/ib_geography/ib_development/what_is_development.htm

Water

Education Food

Shelter

Health Care

Aspect of Life

UN declaration on PovertyUN declaration on Poverty

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vddX4n30sXY Video

• http://www.miniature-earth.com/me_english.htm 100 people video http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_pearson_atlas_1/dnd/WPo_Vill.html IWB interactive Quiz

• http://globalrichlist.com/ interactive How rich are you?

Use the heading Patterns of inequalityRead pgs 283-285 of your text and answer

UTT Q1-7 p285

The State of the WorldThe State of the World• Today, across the world, 1.3 billion

people live on less than $1 a day.

• 3 billion live on under $2 a day.

• 1.3 billion have no access to clean water.

• 3 billion have no access to sanitation.

• 2 billion have no access to electricity.

MEDCsMEDCs• Population generally employed in

manufacturing or in service industries• Vast communication and transportation

networks• Annual capita income above $7,620• Adequate food and housing• Many schools—high literacy rate• Low infant mortality rate• Long life expectancy

LEDCsLEDCs• Population generally employed in

farming, mining, or forestry• Few natural resources for industry• Few transportation or communication

networks• Few schools—low literacy rate• Food and housing inadequate or poor• High infant mortality rate• Short life expectancy

Doing dishes in southern Mali

The World’s ChildrenThe World’s Children

• More than 1 billion (50%) live in poverty.

• Over 600 million (34%) live in dwellings with more than 5 people per room or that have a mud floor.

• Over 500 million (31%) have no kind of toilet facility.

The State of the WorldThe State of the World

• Nearly 376 million (20%) use unsafe water or have a 15 minute walk to water.

• 10.6 million died in 2003 before they reached the age of 5 (equal to the children population of France, Germany, Greece, and Italy).

The State of the WorldThe State of the World

• In the least developed countries 45% of children do not attend school

• Per-capita income in countries with a literacy rate of less than 55% averages about $600.

One in five of the world's population lives on One in five of the world's population lives on

less than a dollar a dayless than a dollar a day • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/71790

19.stm Kenya 2008

• BUT 2 videosBUT 2 videoshttp://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_shows_the_best_stats_you_ve_ever_seen.html

Hans Rosling 2006 TED talk Hans Rosling 2006 TED talkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPt8ElTQMIg&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Egoogle%2Ecom%2Freader%2Fview%2F%3Fadded%3D1&feature=player_embedded

Han’s the world’s change in 200 years Han’s the world’s change in 200 years

DevelopmentDevelopment

• What is development video?• http://au.youtube.com/watch?v=pRmjoF5nv6s&eurl=http://

www.google.com/reader/view/?added=1

• http://blip.tv/file/835101 devt video contrasting levels of development between Norway and Niger

Definitions for Global Indicators of Definitions for Global Indicators of DevelopmentDevelopment

• Purchasing Power Parity. This is a comparative measure of the cost of goods in different countries. It is often applied to a ‘basket of goods’. The basket of goods contains a group of basic goods and services that are needed, and the comparison is often made between the numbers of hours needed to work to make enough income to buy this ‘basket of goods’ in different countries.

GDP Per capitaGDP Per capita

• Gross Domestic Product per person (per capita). This is the value of all goods and services produced within a country, usually over one year. This is a more useful measure to Geographers, and is the GDP of a country divided by the total population. It is often used as a measure of the relative income of people within different countries.

The State of the WorldThe State of the World

• The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of the poorest 48 nations (i.e. a quarter of the world's countries) is less than the wealth of the world's three richest people combined.

RICH WORLD,POOR WORLDRICH WORLD,POOR WORLD• WORLD’S TEN RICHEST COUNTRIES 2008• Rank Country GDP - per capita (2008)• 1. Luxembourg $ 68,8002• 2. Equatorial Guinea $ 50,2003.• 3. United Arab Emirates $ 49,7004.• 4. Norway $ 47,8005.• 5. Ireland $ 43,6006.• 6. United States $ 43,500• 7. Andorra $ 38,8008.• 8. Iceland $ 38,1009.• 9. Denmark $ 37,00010.• 10. Austria $ 35,500• Source: CIA World Factbook

• http://snippets.com/what-is-the-gdp-per-capita-for-every-country.htm The GDP of every country

Rich WorldRich World

• Interactive where is bulging with wealth http://www.geographyteachingtoday.org.uk/images/activities/whereswealth.html

• Billionaires by continent http://www.geographyteachingtoday.org.uk/images/activities/wherebillionaires.html

GNI Per CapitaGNI Per Capita

• Gross National Income per person. This is now used more frequently and has similar comparative values to GDP per capita and the now infrequently used GNP per capita.

Celebrity Celebrity BillionairesBillionaires

Guess who…

I am the world’s richest man, valued at

$56 billion

Now aged 51, I am involved with tackling AIDS in Africa and set up my own charity to

help them

So far, I have given away

nearly $30bn of my fortune

to good causes

I made my money as the

inventor of Microsoft Windows

My name is Bill Gates

My name is Joanne and I am a 42 year

old writer

I have sold over 325 million books - the last four have been the fastest selling books in

history

I have a fortune of £545 million

which makes me the thirteenth

richest woman in Britain

I have donated £22 million to Comic Relief

I am the author of the Harry Potter

books

My name is JK Rowling

I am the third richest man in the

world, worth $52 billion

I made my money through

investing in insurance companies

Recently I gave $30

billion of my fortune to

the Bill and Melinda Gates

Foundation - the largest

single donation

ever made in the USA

I only earn $100,000 a

year and still live in the

same house that I bought in 1958 for $31,500

My Name is Warren Buffet

I am 53 and the world's only black

billionaire for three years in a

row

I am also, according to

many assessments, the most influential woman in the

world

I am an influential book critic, an

Oscar nominated actress, and a

magazine publisher, as well

as an award winning chat show

host

In 2005 alone I donated $303

million to charity

My chat show is called The

Oprah Winfrey Show

My name is Oprah

Winfrey

I am a Russian oil billionaire worth

$18.2 billion

In Russia, I am well known as the governor of

Chukotka in the far northeast of the

country

I am best known in the UK as the

owner of Chelsea Football Club

My name is Roman

Abramovich

AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALANDAUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND

142 James Packer39 5.5 Australia 172 Frank Lowy & family 76 4.6 Australia 369 Richard Pratt72 2.5 Australia 407 Harry Triguboff74 2.3 Australia 557 John Gandel72 1.8 Australia 557 Stanley Perron84 1.8 Australia 717 Kerry Stokes65 1.4 Australia 754 Andrew Forrest45 1.3 Australia 799 Gerald Harvey67 1.2 Australia 891 Gina Rinehart53 1.0 Australia

RICH WORLD,POOR WORLDRICH WORLD,POOR WORLD

• WORLD’S TEN POOREST COUNTRIES 2008• RankCountryGDP - per capita (2008)• 1.Malawi $ 6002.• 2.Somalia $ 6003.• 3.Comoros $ 6004.• 4. Solomon Islands $ 6005.• 5. Congo, Democratic Republic of the $ 7006.• 6. Burundi $ 7007• 7. East Timor $ 8008.• 8. Tanzania $ 8009.• 9. Afghanistan $ 80010.• 10.Yemen $ 900• Source: CIA World Factbook• But it is an inadequate measure

http://www.aneki.com/richest.html• http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/15/business/global/15gdp.html?_r=2

Human Development Index:Human Development Index:

• An indicator that provides more of a measure of the quality of life of people living within a country.

• Measured by the United Nations Development Program.

• Takes into account income, life expectancy and access to education

Human Development IndexHuman Development Index

Graphic Source: Wikipedia

HOW MUCH ISTHAT….?

A CAN OF COKE

HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?

$0.77or

41p

In the USA $1

In China $0.44

In South Africa $0.73

In Russia $1.41

A BIG MAC

HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?

$3.61or

£1.94

In the USA $3.29

In China $1.31

In South Africa $2.30

In Russia $1.78

4GB iPOD NANO

HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?

$286or

£152

In the USA $249

In China $299

In South Africa $321

In Russia $299

NIKE TRIAX

HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?

$139or

£75

In the USA $90

In China $89.93

In South Africa $181.59

In Russia $126.71

GDP per capita•USA $44,000

•UK $31,800

•CHINA $7,700

•SOUTH AFRICA $13,300

•RUSSIA $12,200FIGURES IN US$SOURCE:https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/

DISCUSSION POINTS

•What do you notice about the price differences?

•What proportion of their average income must people in each country spend to get these goods?

•Why do people in different countries want to buy these goods?

•What is purchasing power parity?

Bono TED videoBono TED video

• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/bono_s_call_to_action_for_africa.html

Technology fights poverty Technology fights poverty videosvideos

• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/iqbal_quadir_says_mobiles_fight_poverty.html Mobiles

• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/nicholas_negroponte_on_one_laptop_per_child_two_years_on.html Laptops

• A last word from Hans• http://www.gapminder.org/videos/ted-talks

/hans-rosling-ted-talk-2007-seemingly-impossible-is-possible/