Global Overview of the Spread of Conservation Agriculture* · Amir Kassam, Theodor Friedrich, Rolf...

Global Overview of the Spread of Conservation Agriculture* Amir Kassam, Theodor Friedrich, Rolf Derpsch, Josef Kienzle * Source: Kassam A., Friedrich T., Derpsch R., Kienzle J. (2014). Worldwide adoption of Conservation Agriculture. 6th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture, 22-25 June 2014, Winnipeg, Canada

6th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture, Winnipeg, 22-25 June 2014 slide 1/x

Worldwide adoption of Conservation Agriculture

• Introduction

• CA definition

• CA adoption global

• CA adoption by regions

• Conclusions

6th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture, Winnipeg, 22-25 June 2014

Outline

slide 2/x


• Spread of CA is mainly a farmer led process.

• It represents a major shift in production paradigm.

• It is increasingly catching the attention of donors, governments, NGOs and development organizations.

• The sources of data vary from official statistics from Governments and No-Till Associations to individuals in local research and development organizations.

• The data collected in this recent review try to reflect “good quality CA” as much as possible.


Conservation Agriculture is spreading:

slide 2/x



FAO Definition: www.fao.org/ag/ca

Conservation Agriculture (CA) is an approach to managing agro- ecosystems for improved and sustained productivity, increased profits and food security while preserving and enhancing the resource base and the environment. CA is characterized by three linked principles, namely:

1. Continuous minimum mechanical soil disturbance. 2. Permanent organic soil cover. 3. Diversification of crop species grown in rotations,

sequences or associations.

http://www.fao.org/ag/ca



This definition translates into following practices: • Continuous no-till (<15 cm/25%) • Residue mulch or crop cover (>100, min. 30%) • Crop rotations/associations (>3 diverse species)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Global CA Area in Mill. ha


56h World Congress on Conservation Agriculture, Winnipeg, 22-25 June 2014 slide 2/x

155 mill. ha

Mil

l. h

a

Year



100

Dustbowl

1930 2000 1950

US

So

il C

on

serv

ati

on

Se

rvic

e

co

nse

rva

tio

n t

illa

ge

du

stb

ow

l

Sib

eri

a/U

SS

R

Fau

lkn

er

(US

) – F

uku

oka (

Jap

an

)

co

mm

erc

ial n

o-t

ill/U

S

firs

t n

o-t

ill d

em

on

str

ati

on

in

Bra

zil

Old

rie

ve

/Zim

bab

we

ad

op

tio

n B

razil

pla

nti

o d

ireto

na p

alh

a

exp

eri

me

nts

in

Ch

ina

, In

do

ga

ng

eti

c P

lain

s

Ne

w b

oo

st:

Ca

na

da

,

Au

str

ali

a, K

azak

hs

tan

,

Ru

ss

ia, C

hin

a, F

inla

nd

...;

Afr

ica

Arg

en

tin

a,

Pa

rag

uay;

1980 1990

Fir

st

no

-til

l in

th

e U

S

IIT

A n

o-t

ill re

se

arc

h

50

Mil

l. h

a

History and Adoption of CA

1970 2010

155 mill ha

firs

t n

o-t

ill fa

rme

rs in

US

A

Fir

st

WC

CA

in

Ma

dri

d


**


Area of arable cropland under CA by continent (source: Kassam et al., 2014; FAO AquaStat: www.fao/ag/ca/6c.html)

slide 2/x

Continent Area

(Mill. ha)

Per cent of

global total

Per cent of

arable land

of reporting

countries

South America 64.0 (55.5) 41.3 60.0

North America 54.0 (40.0) 34.8 24.0

Australia & NZ 17.9 (17.2) 11.5 35.9*

Asia

Russia & Ukraine

Europe

Africa

10.3 (4.7)

5.2 (5.1)

2.1 (1.4)

1.2 (1.0)

6.6

3.4

1.4

0.8

3.0

3.3

2.8

0.9

Global total 155 (125)

100 10.9 (8.8) % global arable

http://www.fao/ag/ca/6c.html

CA-Adoption by World Region [mill. ha and %*]

North America

54 (24%)

South America

64 (60%)

Europe

2.1 (2.8 %)

Ukraine/Russia

5.2 (3.3 %)

Africa

1.2 (0.9 %)

Asia

10.3 (3 %)

*Average adoption level in each region based

on arable land area of reporting countries



Total CA: 155 Mill. ha, about 11% of global arable cropland

Australia/New Zealand

17.9 (35.9%)



USA 36

Canada

18

Australia 17.9

Europe 2

Kazakhstan 2

Africa 1.2

Brazil

32

Conservation Agriculture globally 155 Million ha (~11% of arable cropland)

Argentina 27

Paraguay 3

China 6.7

tropical savannah

continental, dry

temperate, moist

temperate, moist

continental, dry

irrigated

smallholder

smallholder

smallholder

arid

arid

large scale

large

scale

large scale

large scale

large

scale

large

scale

subtropical, dry

tropical savannah

other LA 2.4

>50% W

(40%)

20%

99%

100% West

(36%)

Russia,

Ukraine 5.2

India 1.5

other Asia 0.1



CA adoption in South America [64 Mill. ha & 60% of cropland]

quality CA

10,500.00

Argentina

27 (80%)

Bolivia

0.7 (23.8%)

Brasil

32 (54%)

Chile

0.2 (9%)

Colombia

0.1 (6%)

Paraguay

3 (99%) Uruguay

1.1 (83%)

Venezuela

0.3 (12%)



CA adoption in North America and Mexico [54 Mill. ha & 24% of cropland]

USA

36 (20%)

Canada

18 (40%)

Mexico

0.04 (0.2%)



CA adoption in Europe incl. Ukraine and Russia [7.3 Mill. ha & 6.1% of cropland]

Russia

4.5 (3.6%) Ukraine

0.7 (2.2%)

Finland

0.2 (9%)

Belgium, Denmark

0.001 (0.04%)

France

0.2 (1%)

Germany

0.2 (1.7%) Greece

0.02 (0.9%) Hungary

0.005 (0.1%)

Italy

0.4 (4.6%) Moldova

0.04 (2.2%)

Portugal

0.3 (1.6%)

Slovakia

0.04 (0.7%)

Spain

0.8 (5.8%)

Switzerland

0.02 (4.2%)

UK

0.2 (2.6%)



CA adoption in Africa [1.2 Mill. ha & 0.9% of cropland]

South Africa

0.4 (2.5%)

Mozambique

0.2 (3.6%)

Morocco

0.004 (0.05%)

Tunisia

0.008 (0.28%)

Ghana

0.03 (0.7%) Kenya

0.03 (0.7%) Lesotho

0.002 (0.6%)

Malawi

0.07 (2.8%)

Madagascar

0.006 (0.2%)

Namibia

0.0003 (0.04%)

Sudan

0.01 (0.06%)

Tanzania

0.03 (0.6%)



CA adoption in Asia [10.3 Mill. ha & 3.0% of cropland]

China

6.7 (4.7%)

India

1.5 (0.9%)

Kazakhstan

2 (9.3%)

Korea, DPR

0.02 (0.9%)

Iraq

0.02 (0.3%)

Lebanon

0.001 (0.7%)

Syria

0.03 (0.7%)

Turkey

0.05 (0.2%) Azerbaijan

0.001 (0.07%)

Kyrgyzstan

0.001 (0.05%)

Uzbekistan

0.003 (0.05%)



CA adoption in Australia and New Zealand [17.9 Mill. ha & 35.9% of cropland]

Close to 100% adoption in Western Australia

Australia

17.7 (36.7%)

New Zealand

0.2 (10.8%)


• CA is spread over 155 M ha across all continents (11% of global cropland), an increase of 24% since 2010, & continues to spread at an annual rate of 10 M ha.

• Originally a farmer’s driven process, but attention increasingly paid by donors, national and international development organizations, and increasingly by governments – becoming a structural response.

• CA is getting recognized more widely as an approach for sustainable production intensification that offers enhancement of productivity with ecosystem services and improved resilience, and climate change adaptability and mitigation.

• The spread of CA is equally divided between developed regions and developing regions; major share is located in the Americas and Australia.

• CA is now increasing in Europe, Asia & Africa as relatively more attention is directed to it by development stakeholders and governments.

• Other regions struggle with keeping good quality CA (Latin America with Soya)

• Further policy and institutional support is needed for faster adoption AND for safeguarding quality of CA to ensure environmental services.


Conclusions

slide 2/x

Type here title of the presentation Calibri 14 normal white

Date and place – Calibri 10 normal white slide 3/x

CA, the Agriculture of the Future – the Future of Agriculture

More information:

[email protected]

http://www.fao.org/ag/ca

Join the CA-CoP!

Date post:	25-Jul-2020
Category:	Documents
Upload:	others
View:	3 times
Download:	0 times

Global Overview of the Spread of Conservation Agriculture* · Amir Kassam, Theodor Friedrich, Rolf...

Documents