GLOBAL, REGIONAL, AND GLOBAL, REGIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL HEATH INTERNATIONAL HEATH

CONCERNSCONCERNS

I. Ozone depletionI. Ozone depletionA. What is the ozone layer?A. What is the ozone layer?

B. What is ozone depletion?B. What is ozone depletion?

B. What is ozone depletion?B. What is ozone depletion?

C. Effects of UVC. Effects of UV1. Effects on people1. Effects on people2. Effects on crops & livestock2. Effects on crops & livestock3. Effects on environment3. Effects on environment

a. Fish & amphibiansa. Fish & amphibiansb. Algae & planktonb. Algae & planktonc. Plantsc. Plants

III. Climate changeIII. Climate changeA. Greenhouse effectA. Greenhouse effect

1. What is greenhouse effect?1. What is greenhouse effect?2. Greenhouse gases2. Greenhouse gases3. Carbon cycle3. Carbon cycle4. Greenhouse gas emissions4. Greenhouse gas emissions

B. Evidence for climate changeB. Evidence for climate change1. Historical records1. Historical records

a. Temperaturea. Temperature

b. CO2b. CO2

2. Experimental evidence2. Experimental evidence

3. Climate models3. Climate models

C. Potential effects of climate changeC. Potential effects of climate change1. Environmental effects1. Environmental effects

a. Polar ice caps & sea levela. Polar ice caps & sea level

C. Potential effects of climate changeC. Potential effects of climate change1. Environmental effects1. Environmental effects

b. Ocean currentsb. Ocean currents

C. Potential effects of climate changeC. Potential effects of climate change1. Environmental effects1. Environmental effects

b. Ocean currentsb. Ocean currents

C. Potential effects of climate changeC. Potential effects of climate change1. Environmental effects1. Environmental effects

c. Rainfall patternsc. Rainfall patterns

C. Potential effects of climate changeC. Potential effects of climate change1. Environmental effects1. Environmental effects

d. Extreme weather eventsd. Extreme weather events

e. Biodiversity & biogeographye. Biodiversity & biogeography

f. pH of the oceansf. pH of the oceans

2. Human health & economic effects2. Human health & economic effectsa. Agricultural effectsa. Agricultural effects

i. Increased CO2 levelsi. Increased CO2 levels

ii. Rainfall & temperatureii. Rainfall & temperature

b. Pests & dangerous animalsb. Pests & dangerous animals

c. Diseasesc. Diseasesi. Mosquito vectorsi. Mosquito vectors

ii. Algal abundanceii. Algal abundance

iii. Growth of microorganisms & iii. Growth of microorganisms & fungifungi

iv. Consequences of changes in iv. Consequences of changes in rainfall rainfall patternspatterns

v. Shellfish-related diseasesv. Shellfish-related diseases

d. Heat-related diseasesd. Heat-related diseases

D. Climate change controversiesD. Climate change controversies1. Arguments against climate change1. Arguments against climate change

a. There is no climate change, period.a. There is no climate change, period.

b. It’s a conspiracyb. It’s a conspiracy

c. Natural cyclesc. Natural cycles

d. Models lack accuracy & precisiond. Models lack accuracy & precision

2. Arguments about not doing anything 2. Arguments about not doing anything about climate changeabout climate change

a. There is no climate change (see a. There is no climate change (see above)above)

b. Its too lateb. Its too latec. Its too costlyc. Its too costlyd. Its too far in the futured. Its too far in the future

3. Uncertainties about climate change3. Uncertainties about climate changea. Is it occurring now?a. Is it occurring now?

b. What will be the magnitude?b. What will be the magnitude?

c. What will be effects?c. What will be effects?

4. Solutions to climate change4. Solutions to climate change

A. Effects of forests on ecosystemA. Effects of forests on ecosystem1. Soil1. Soil

2. Temperature2. Temperature

3. Water cycle & runoff3. Water cycle & runoff

4. Oxygen cycle4. Oxygen cycle

B. Causes of deforestationB. Causes of deforestation1. Urbanization1. Urbanization

2. Agriculture2. Agriculture

3. Wood products3. Wood products

C. Effects of deforestationC. Effects of deforestation1. Soil1. Soil

2. Temperature2. Temperature

3. Biodiversity3. Biodiversity

4. Deforestation & climate change4. Deforestation & climate change

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityA. Biological significanceA. Biological significance

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityB. Economic & biomedical significanceB. Economic & biomedical significance

Teosinte, ancestorof modern corn

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityC. Health significanceC. Health significance

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityD. Causes of loss of biodiversityD. Causes of loss of biodiversity

a. Habitat disruptiona. Habitat disruption

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversity

b. Pollutionb. Pollution

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversity

c. Introduced speciesc. Introduced species

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversity

d. Over exploitationd. Over exploitation

V. Loss of biodiversityV. Loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversityC. Causes of loss of biodiversity

e. Climate changee. Climate change

VIII. Global chemical contaminationVIII. Global chemical contaminationA. ExamplesA. ExamplesB. SourcesB. Sources

1. Atmospheric transport1. Atmospheric transport2. Water & ocean currents2. Water & ocean currents3. Globalization3. Globalization