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Global Sharing of Contextual Information
re Law in Cultural Pluralism
Prof. Yoshiharu MATSUURA Director, JaLII, Nagoya University
Prof. Amy Huey-Ling SHEE
Director, TaiwanLII, National Chung Cheng University
Bilingual KWICBilingual KWIC English + Native Language English + Native Language Key-Word-in-Context Search
Standard Translation Dictionary
Reference for Translation
Comparative Legal Concepts
Continental vs Common Law
Package Legal Information
Nagoya
JaLII
Invention
CCU TaiwanLII
Application
Cross-national collaborations
JaLII & TaiwanLII Joint Project
JaLII & TaiwanLII Joint ProjectAgreement Signing Ceremony
Oct. 2010, Nagoya University
The Japanese Bilingual KWIC
The Korean Law Bilingual KWIC
Data: 50 laws 35550 lines
Taiwan Law Bilingual KWIC
Data: 152 laws in English
The Taiwan Bilingual KWIC of Grand Justice 669 Interpretations = 10,677 lines
Bilingual KWICBilingual KWIC English + Native Language English + Native Language Key-Word-in-Context Search
Standard Translation Dictionary
Reference for Translation
Comparative Legal Concepts
Continental vs Common Law
Package Legal Information
Nagoya
JaLII
Invention
CCU TaiwanLII
Application
Cross-national collaborations
A Proposed Project
Multi-layered Sharing of Legal
Information
in East AsiaWhat to share?What to share?
• Statutory Text in Two Languages• Standard Translation Dictionary• Contextual Information in Plain Language
注釈 : annotations to statutory text
annotations to basic legal concepts
JaLII, 名古屋大学
Ministry of Government Legislation, 韓国
TaiwanLII ,中正大学
MOJ法令外国語訳
Statutory text &Standard Translation
Dictionary
日本法令( J-E 対訳)
台湾法令( C-E 対訳) 韓国法令
( K-E 対訳)
比較法研究
中国法(大陸)研究パートナー(交渉中)
annotationse-legislation research
Plain law
Focus of Joint Research
Standard Translation DictionaryStandard Translation Dictionary
債 務 Obligation 義 務
Basic Concepts of Law & Legal Study
Japanese Law
Taiwanese Law
1.Do we share the same legal notion about “obligation” ?
2.Why do we use different Chinese characters about the same notion?
Compare & Contrast
Standard Translation Dictionary
親 権
Parental right
親 權
Basic Concepts of Law & Legal StudyJapanese
Law Taiwanese Law
1.Do we still share the same legal notion of “ 親権 \ 親權 ” ?
2.Why use the same Chinese characters to denote different legal notions?
Parental Duty-Right
Parental Responsibilities
Parental Rights & Duties
父母對未成年子女之權利義務Global Law
息 銀les intérêts
Annotation : Historical Development of
Legal Terms Modern Use of Century-old Translations1. Japanese Translation of the Napoleon Civil Code2. French Translation of the Old Japanese Civil Code1.
2. les intérêts 利 息
1.Where did Japanese drafters find “ 息
銀” ?
2.Why did they replace it with “ 利息” ?
les intérêts
?
息銀
?
利息
interests
Transplant of a Legal Term &
Its Historical Development&
Its Translation
Compare & Contrast
父母對未成年子女權利義務之行使或負擔
日本法
親 權
Annotation : Contextual Evolution of Legal
Concepts Modern Use of Century-old Legal Term1. ROC transplant of the Japanese Civil Code concept2. Contextual evolutions of ROC Civil Code in Taiwan1.
1931 ROCCivil Code
2.
1.How has the “ 親權” evolved in Taiwan?
2.What difference does Glocalisation make?
父母對未成年子女權利義務之行使或負擔
Global lawUN Convention
親 權
親 權
權 利義 務
rights & duties
duty-right
parental responsibilities
Transplant of a Legal Term &
Its Contextual Evolution&
Its Translation
modernisation
Internationalisation
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child
transplant
A Basis of the Analysis
Toward the Discovery of a “Functional Equivalent” of Two Legal Systems
Taiwanese Law
Japanese Law
Laws and Institutions about
The Best Interest of Children
Common Challenges to the Study of Comparative Law
1. How can we list up all the “relevant” rules
and related materials?
2. How should we read the data so identified ?
Unique Feature of Taiwan KWIC (1)
• The Taiwan Bilingual KWIC of Judicial Interpretations made by the Grand Justices of the Constitutional Court
• 669 Interpretations, 2313 keywords, 10,677 lines:
• substantial numbers for use of KWIC
Unique Feature of Taiwan KWIC (2)• Under the Continental Code structure,
Judicial Interpretations may supplement the law KWIC to…
-- define imported legal concept as legislative principle: No.365: monogamous family to raise independent children; No.590: children’s right to parental care
-- create Constitutional right: No.587: the right to know parents; No.554: constitutional family right
-- lead legal reform: No.365: family court & child interest; No.520: ethical concerns in adoptive family
-- social engineering: No.587: out-of-wedlock paternity
“package information” of law……
A topic of law
Jurisdiction A
Global Law
sexual harassment,
right to privacy, etc.
Functional Equivalents In Jurisdiction B
Glocalised
Contexts of Law
& Practice
Legal Information Supply Network
Toward A New Era of Rule-of-Law Civilisation
• From West-centered
“modernisation”
“internationalisation”
“globalisation”
• Towards a
Asian Network of
Information Society
for Legal Pluralism
Contexts of
Legal Information
1. Legislative history
2. Current laws & orders
3. Judicial interpretations
4. Court decisions
5. Academic writings
6. Empirical findings
Taiwan Legal Information Institute