Global Trends, Applications and Technology Developments in...

1 © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2013

Global Trends, Applications and Technology Developments in HVDC

Brian Gemmell, PhD Director of Sales – Power Transmission Solutions

Siemens Energy, Inc.

IEEE Substations Committee Meeting Philadelphia, PA – 29 May 2013


HVDC Technology Applications Continuous Technological Improvements

HVDC “Classic” HVDC “Bulk” HVDC “VSC”

500 – 660 kV up to 4,200 MW

Back-to-Back Station

AC AC

800 kV for minimal transmission losses 5,000 – 8,000 MW

VSC: Voltage- Sourced Converter up to 1,000 MW

DC Cable

AC AC

Submarine Cable Transmission Long-Distance OHL

Transmission

DC Line

AC AC

B2B – The Short Link HVDC-LDT – Long-Distance Transmission

For decades, voltage and capacity continuously increased!


HVDC Classic HVDC VSC Line-commutated Self-commutated current-sourced Converter voltage-sourced Converter

Thyristor with turn-on Capability Semiconductor Switches with turn-on Only and turn-off Capability, e.g. IGBTs

Harmonic Filters, Conveter No Harmonic Filters, Conventional AC Transformers, Large Footprint Transformers, Compact Footprint, Black Start & Independent Active/Reactive Power Control

HVDC Technology Comparison of HVDC Classic & HVDC VSC


Development of DC Transmission: Worldwide Installed Capacity

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

GW 70

80

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005

Worldwide installed HVDC “Capacity”: 80 GW in 2005

This is 1.8 % of the Worldwide installed Generation Capacity

How it “started”

1951, Kashira-Moscow, 30 MW

Sources: Cigre WG B4-04 2003 - IEEE T&D Committee 2006

2020

Additionally, over 270 GW are expected from China alone between 2010 to 2020


over 40 HVDCs … China: with more than 270 GW * Transmission Capacity are expected between 2010 and 2020

1. Yunnan – Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2009/10

2. Xiangjiaba – Shanghai 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2010

3. Debao 500 kV, 3000 MW, 2010

4. Ningdong – Shangdong 660 kV, 4000 MW, 2010

5. Qinghai – Tibet 400 kV, 600 MW, 2011

6. Mongolia – Tianjin 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2018

7. Russia – Liaoning 660 kV, 4000 MW, 2014

8. Nuozhadu – Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2013

9. Jingping – Sunan 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2012

10. Xiluodu – Guangdong 500 kV, 2 x 3200 MW, 2013

11. Humeng – Tangshan 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2015

12. Ningdong – Zhejiang 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

13. Xiluodu – Zhejiang 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2014

14. Sichuan – Jiangxi 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2017

15. Xiluodu – Jiangxi 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2018

16. Humeng – Shandong 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

17. Hami – Henan 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2013

18. Mengxi – Jiangxi 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

19. Mongolia – Shandong 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

20. Mengxi – Jiangsu 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2017

21. Jiuquan – Hunan 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2017

22. Zhundong – Congqing 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

23. Baoqing – Liaoning 660 kV, 4000 MW, 2017

24. Hami – Shandong 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2017

25. Tibet – Chongqing 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2017

26. Jinghong – Thailand 500 kV, 3000 MW, 2018

27. Ximeng – Nanjing 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2018

28. Baihetan – Hubei 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2018

29. Wudongde – Fujian 1100 kV, 11000 MW, 2018

30. Northwest – North B2B, 1500 MW, 2018

31. Mongolia – Jing-Jin-Tang 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2019

32. Russia – Liaoning 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2019

33. Zhundong – Chengdu 1100 kV, 11000 MW, 2015

34. Tibet – Zhejiang 1100 kV, 9000 MW, 2019

35. Baihetan – Hunan 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2020

36. Yili – Sichuan 1100 kV, 9000 MW, 2020

37. Kazakhstan – Chengdu 1100 kV, 9000 MW, 2020

38. Northeast – North BtB II, 1500 MW, 2013

39. Hong Kong HVDC 500 kV, 3600 MW, 2018

40. Jinzhong – Guangxi 500 kV, 3200 MW, 2017

41. Yunnan – Guangdong IV 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2017

Zheijang

Qinghai

Xizang

Inrfar Mongolia

Jilin

Liaoning

Yunnan

Hainan

Fujian

Taiwan

Bangkok

3

5

15

11 6

23

7

20

26

9

12

13

17

18 22

16

21

19

24 27

28 25

37

35

31

29

33

36

14

10

34

30

32

8

Ningxia Shanxi

Hebei

Beijing

Jiangsu Anhuj

Guizhou

Sichuan & Chongqing

Gansu

Xinjiang

Heilongjiang

Shandong

Jiangxi

Hubai

Shaanxi

Henan

2

1

Shanghai

Tianjin

3

4

40

41

39 Guangdong

38

* as of 2012

2 x B2B

1 x 400 kV 5 x 500 kV 3 x 660 kV 25 x 800 kV

5 x 1100 kV

© Siemens Energy, Inc. 2013


Yunnan-Guangdong – UHV DC Converter

800 kV DC



Yunnan-Guangdong – 800 kV DC Line

57m



Western Alberta Transmission Link,

2014

East DC Link Project, 2014

Nelson River Bipole 3 2017

LCP - Maritime Transmission Link,

2017

LCP - Labrador Island Transmission Link

2017

O’ahu Interconnetors, 2018

New Jersey Interconnector, 2016

Rock Island Clean Line, 2017

Grain Belt Express, 2017

Mead Adelanto Interconnector, 2018

West Point Transmission Project, 2017

TransWest Express, 2018

Southern Cross Project, 2018

North American HVDC Market

Centennial West 2018

Northern Pass 2017

Plains & Eastern 2017

SeaLink 2019

Champlain Hudson 2017


Eliminat ion of Transmission Bottlenecks

~=

=~

==

~ == ~ ==

Transmission Constraints before TBC

Transmission Constraints after TBC

No Increase inShort-Circuit Power

Power Exchangeby Sea Cable

No Increase inShort-Circuit PowerNo Increase inShort-Circuit Power

Power Exchangeby Sea CablePower Exchangeby Sea Cable

Trans Bay Cable Project Security of Supply for San Francisco Area


Trans Bay Cable Project

© Hawkeye Photography

Energy Project of the Year – American Society of Civil Engineers, Region 9; Sacramento, 9th March 2011Energy Project of the Year – American Society of Civil Engineers, Region 9; Sacramento, 9th March 2011

P = 400 MW Q = +/- 170-300 MVAr

Eliminat ion of Transmission Bottlenecks

Dynamic Voltage Support



DC Submarine Cable Link Neptune RTS

11 04-2013

World’s 1st

HVDC with 500 kV DC Cable



Neptune HVDC – New York, Station Sayreville

660 MW

Example of HVDC “Classic” – with Cable



Hudson Transmission Project

Customer Hudson Transmission Partners LLC.

Project Name Hudson Transmission Project Location Ridgefield (NJ), USAPower Rating 660 MW, monopolarType of Plant Back-to-back tieVoltage Levels 180 kV DC

345/230 kV AC, 60 Hz Semiconductors LTT 8 kV


Clean & Low Cost Energy over long Distance – suitable for Peak Load Demand

Improvement in Power Quality

Energy Mix in Australia: Hydro Plants Wind Farms Thermal Plants and HVDC

Basslink HVDC From Bottlenecks to a “Smart” and Flexible Grid

500 MW

Example of HVDC “Classic”



DC Lines – Basslink 400kV Monopolar

Power Transmission Solutions 15 10-2011 E T TS 2/Re

From “Small” to “Large” OH Line

Neutral Line

HV Line



Basslink – the Transition DC Line to Cable Station



Reasons for DC Overlay Grid in Germany

Source: 9. – Information Session, 5 Oct. 2011, Regensburg, Germany

… this requires controlled Transmission with DC

Regenerative Power New Hydro Power Plants

Nuclear: shut-down

Infeed of up to 75 GW of Wind Power in Northern Part of Germany’s AC Grid (NDP 2022) …

Installed Generation Capacity *: June 2012: 168 GW; Jan. 2013 174 GW * Source: Federal Network Agency, Germany

Remark: for Decades, it was ≈ 120 GW – nearly const.



Germany – TSO Grid Development Plan New DC Links: up to 3,800 Kilometers* (Overview)

New Links: DC AC Under Construction or on Approval (AC)

Source: WDR, dpa 31.05.2012

* Scenario for B 2022 – 1 of 4 Scenarios

BNA Conclusions 25.11.2012 One HVDC cancelled !



Integration of Large Offshore Wind Farms into the Main German Grid

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E T TS 2/Re 02-2013

VSC HVDC – for Onshore Grid Access & Offshore DC Multiterminal

Power Transmission Solutions HVDC Classic – for Load & Generation Reserve Sharing

The initial Idea for Onshore:

… but now it will be VSC ! © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2013


Medium Voltage DC for Load Flow and Congestion Management in the City of Ulm – Germany

“We were in a Position to invest in a new Technology despite the tough Economic Climate. The Siemens System allows us to utilize existing Energy and Capacity Reserves at Times of Peak Demand without having to buy in costly Balancing Power“ Jürgen Schäffner, Chief Technical Officer of SWU Energie GmbH

Neu-Ulm(Bayern)

Ulm(Baden-Württem-

berg)

Erbach

StaigVöhringen

Senden

Elchingen

Neu-Ulm(Bayern)

Ulm(Baden-Württem-

berg)

Erbach

StaigVöhringen

Senden

Elchingen

Transmission Grid 1

Transmission Grid 2

AC Interconnection not feasible – a Phase- Shifting Transformer would be too slow



Installed Wind Power: Europe, from 2011 to 2012

Source: EWEA (European Wind Energy Association), Wind in power 2012 European statistics, February 2013

350 GW 2030: Up to of Wind Power ! 2012-12 ENTSO-E: Installed Capacity 960 GW

2012 +13 GW



ENTSO-E’s Ten-Year Network Development Plan

Three main Drivers: Offshore Wind Interconnections to Eastern Europe Solar Plan – Desertec

Long-term Prospects for European DC Super Grid(s)



COMETA, Spain-Mallorca DC Interconnector, Station Morvede

400 MW

Example of HVDC “Classic” – with innovative indoor Solution


Black Sea B2B, Georgia Customer Energotrans Ltd.

Project Name Black Sea Transmission Network Project

Location Akhaltsikhe, Georgia Power Rating 2 x 350 MW, monopolarType of Plant Back-to-back tie Voltage Levels 96 kV DC

500/400 kV AC, 50/50 Hz Semiconductors LTT 8 kV


New DC Submarine Cable Link in UK

Deeside

HVDC and STATCOMin parallel OperationHVDC and STATCOMin parallel Operation

World’s 1st

HVDC with 600 kV DC Cable

Customer: Nat ional Grid / Scott ish Power System Data: Rat ing 2,200 MW Voltage ± 600 kV DC Thyristor 8 kV LTT 2015

SVC PLUS C: 2 x 125 MVAr Dynamic Voltage Stabilization Reactive Power Control

6 hrs Overload 2,400 MW (Cable)

Western HVDC Link, UK

No Increase in Short-Circuit Power

Bypassing overloaded Onshore Overhead Lines

Power Exchange

Increase in Stability



INELFE, France-Spain World's first HVDC Project in VSC Technology with 2 x 1000 MW

Customer INELFE (Rte and REE)Project Name INELFE

LocationBaixas, France to Santa Llogaia, Spain

Power Rating 2 x 1000 MW

Type of PlantHVDC PLUS 65 km underground cable

Voltage Levels ± 320 kV DC400 kV AC, 50 Hz

Semiconductors IGBT


SylWin1, Germany World’s first Offshore MMC with 864 MW, BorWin2 and HelWin1&2

~ == ~ ==~

= =~

= =

SylWin1 864 MW

+/- 320 kV

~ == ~ ==

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BorWin2 800 MW +/- 300 kV

~= =

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HelWin1

+/- 250 kV 576 MW

~ == ~ ==

~= =

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~ == ~ ==

+/- 320 kV 690 MW

HelWin2

2014 2015


HVDC VSC BorWin2, Germany

Customer TenneTProject Name BorWin2Location Diele, GermanyPower Rating 800 MW

Type of Plant200 km HVDC PLUSOn-/Offshore Cable

Voltage Levels ± 300 kV DCAC 400 kV/155 kV, 50 Hz

Semiconductors IGBT


Impressions of Grid Access for Offshore Wind with DC Solution – HelWin1 & HelWin 2


HVDC – High-Voltage DC Transmission: It makes P f low

Three HVDC Options available: VSC, Classic and Bulk

With DC, Overhead Line Losses are typically 30-50% less than with AC

For Cable Transmission (over 80 km), HVDC is the only Solut ion

HVDC can be integrated into the AC Systems

HVDC supports AC in Terms of Stability

System Interconnect ion with HVDC and Integrat ion of HVDC:

DC is a “Firewall” against Cascading Disturbances

Bidirect ional Control of Power Flow – quite easy

Frequency, Voltage and POD Control available

Staging of the Links – w ith DC quite easy

No Increase in Short-Circuit Power

DC is a Stability Booster

Summary Features and Benefits of HVDC


Many Thanks for Your Attention

IEEE Substations Committee Meeting Philadelphia, PA – 29 May 2013

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