Date post: | 18-Dec-2014 |
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Enabling Tourism Investment
Challenges and Prospects for Tourism Investment in the COMCEC Region
Presented by: Scott Wayne and Manuel Knight,
SW Associates, LLC Washington, DC
Agenda
• Global Trends in Tourism Investment: Benefits and Risks
• Enabling Tourism Investment Climate in the COMCEC Region: Challenges, Prospects and Solutions
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Global Trends in Tourism Investment: Benefits and Risks
• Importance of Tourism Investment
• Key Benefits and Positive Impacts
• Key Risks and Negative Impacts
• Problems and Impediments
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Investment in COMCEC Countries 3
Importance of Tourism Investment
• Engine for sustainable growth: Economy, jobs, incomes, protection of natural and cultural heritage.
• People to people industry
• Lower barriers of entry
• Relatively easy for investors
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Tourism – an attractive investment?
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Over US$2 trillion from tourism to GDP
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WTTC
TRAVEL & TOURISM INDUSTRY
Accommodation, recreation, catering,
entertainment, transportation, and
other related services
TRAVEL & TOURISM ECONOMY
Printing/Publishing,concrete, utilities,
financial services, furnishing & equipment
suppliers, foods, security, administration,
ship building, beverage supply, iron/steel,
aircraft manufacturing,wood, mining,
chemicals, textiles, oil/gas suppliers, plastics,
sanitation services, metal products,
computers, resort development, wholesalers,
rental car manufacturing, laundry services.
Sources of Investment
• Domestic and Foreign Direct Investment – Insurance companies
– Pension funds
– Religious institutions
– Labor unions
– Multilateral Development Banks
– Private equity funds
– Real estate investment trusts
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Investment in COMCEC Countries 8
Crowdfunding: A new potential source of tourism investment
• Raises capital from many donors
• Could maximize local engagement
• Helps market the investment and destination
• Two types: – Equity-based
– Non-equity or donation based
• Compatible with Islamic finance
• Potential projects? Hotels, restaurants, retail, destination attractions
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Investment in COMCEC Countries 9
Examples of tourism investment with public participation
Religious Pilgrimage
Sites
Stadiums & Fair
Grounds
Museums & Cultural
Centers
Congress Halls
National Park
Facilities
Tourism Training Facilities
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Key Benefits and Positive Impacts of Tourism Investment • Economic development
• Poverty alleviation
• Foreign exchange generation
• Urban revitalization
• Natural and cultural heritage preservation
• Capacity building
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Economic development
• Generates
– Attractive financial returns
– Tax revenue
– Foreign exchange
• Benefits broad supply chains
• Boosts small and medium-sized enterprises
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Poverty Alleviation
• Relies on non-skilled labor
• Offers opportunities for: – Women
– Racial, ethnic or low income minorities
– SMEs
• Generates extensive capacity building
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Investment in COMCEC Countries 13
Cultural and Natural Heritage Preservation
• Urban revitalization
• Preservation of heritage at risk
• Preservation of biodiversity via strengthening of protected lands
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Key Risks and Negative Impacts of Tourism Investments
• Environmental impacts
• Land tenancy challenges
• Infrastructure failures
• Financial risks
• Incompatible neighboring developments
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Investment in COMCEC Countries 15
Environmental Impacts
• Inadequate waste and sewage treatment
• Inadequate natural resource planning and management – Poorly regulated activities at
attractions
• Inadequate urban planning – Lack of traffic management
• Poor construction practices
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Investment in COMCEC Countries 16
Land Tenancy Obstacles
• Unclear land title, contracts and usage rights
• Insufficient cadaster or land registry
• Customary or other local ownership may not be reflected in legal system
• Restrictions on foreign ownership
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Infrastructure Failures Boosting Capital Costs
• Water or energy failures are costly for projects
• Installing own alternative systems is costly
• Inadequate road access
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Financial Risks
• Exist for all types of projects, including tourism infrastructure – Risk of default on debt
– Insufficient demand for offers
– Too many rooms
– Management underperformance
– Denied repatriation of capital and profits
– Non-convertibility of profits
– Risk of incompatible development
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Problems and Impediments
• Problems Related to Factors of Production
• Financial and Administrative Obstacles/Problems
• Problems Related to Promotion of Tourism Investments
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Investment in COMCEC Countries 20
Problems Related to Factors of Production • Land, labor, supplies,
equipment, and utilities required by projects.
• Restrictions in importing and/or hiring foreign labor High tariffs and duties Delays and expense
clearing goods through customs
Restrictions on foreign labor
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Financial and Administrative Obstacles
• High income taxes
• High interest rates
• Repatriation of capital and profits
• Administrative red tape
• Local partner requirement
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Problems related to promotion of tourism investments
• Inexperience formulating tourism projects
• No institution for tourism investment promotion
• Industry statistics unavailable or outdated
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