Globalization and Global WarmingGlobalization and Global Warming

UNYP 2007 TEAM: Lior, Eliska, MartinUNYP 2007 TEAM: Lior, Eliska, Martin

contentcontent

introductionintroduction about global warming (GW)about global warming (GW) factors leading to GWfactors leading to GW average temperaturesaverage temperatures global impact of GWglobal impact of GW available solutionsavailable solutions summarysummary

Why this TOPIC?Why this TOPIC?

up-to-date problemup-to-date problem everybody has an opinioneverybody has an opinion connected with globalizationconnected with globalization

Globalization and Global WarmingGlobalization and Global Warming The cause of global warming is human activity.The cause of global warming is human activity.

Examples:Examples:

Fossil fuel combustion associated with industrial Fossil fuel combustion associated with industrial development.development.

The burning of forests. The burning of forests.

Biomass combustion - the burning Biomass combustion - the burning of wood, coal, and dung of wood, coal, and dung for cooking and heat.for cooking and heat.

Globalization and Global WarmingGlobalization and Global Warming

The inability to solve global warming, is The inability to solve global warming, is emblematic of the failures of globalization.emblematic of the failures of globalization.

However, it is also an opportunity to use However, it is also an opportunity to use the forces of globalization for the good of the forces of globalization for the good of the planet's health. the planet's health.

Global WarmingGlobal Warming

The most important factors in halting climate The most important factors in halting climate change is reducing levels of carbon dioxide in change is reducing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.the atmosphere.

The global average temperature has risen by The global average temperature has risen by 0.6 ºC in the last 100 years.0.6 ºC in the last 100 years.

The cost of dealing with the effects of climate The cost of dealing with the effects of climate

change is almost $300 billion every year.change is almost $300 billion every year.

Projected Changes In Global Projected Changes In Global TemperatureTemperature

Past EARTH temperaturesPast EARTH temperatures

Graph based on data from the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia.

Past EARTH temperaturesPast EARTH temperatures

Graph based on data reported by Moberg, et.al., in Nature, V. 433, 10 February 2005.

Past EARTH temperaturesPast EARTH temperatures

Global temperature variation for the past 425,000 years. The present is at the right. The horizontal 0 line represents the 1961–1990 average global temperature. The numbers on the left show the variation from that baseline in °C.

Image based on data from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration.

The Greenhouse EffectThe Greenhouse Effect

The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that the Earth experiences because certain gases in that the Earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere trap energy from the sun.the atmosphere trap energy from the sun.

Without these gases, heat would escape back into Without these gases, heat would escape back into space and Earth’s average temperature would be space and Earth’s average temperature would be about 60ºF colder.about 60ºF colder.

Because of how they warm our world, these gases Because of how they warm our world, these gases are referred to as greenhouse gases. are referred to as greenhouse gases.

The Greenhouse EffectThe Greenhouse Effect

Who Is Responsible?Who Is Responsible? The countries that The countries that emit most carbon dioxideemit most carbon dioxide contribute contribute

most to climate change.most to climate change.

The world's biggest polluter is the The world's biggest polluter is the United StatesUnited States. It . It produces 20.4 tons of carbon dioxide per person, annually.produces 20.4 tons of carbon dioxide per person, annually.

The The UKUK release 9.5 tons per person, annually. release 9.5 tons per person, annually.

In In ChinaChina, carbon dioxide emissions are only 1.9 tons per , carbon dioxide emissions are only 1.9 tons per person, annually.person, annually.

What Can Be Done?What Can Be Done?

In May 1997 Consumer Alert formed a subgroup of the In May 1997 Consumer Alert formed a subgroup of the National Consumer CoalitionNational Consumer Coalition on climate change policy, the on climate change policy, the "Cooler Heads" Coalition, to address the consumer impact of "Cooler Heads" Coalition, to address the consumer impact of climate change policies. climate change policies.

A total of 178 countries (including 39 industrialized nations) A total of 178 countries (including 39 industrialized nations) signed up to the signed up to the Kyoto ProtocolKyoto Protocol in 2001. in 2001.

United States, the world's largest emitter, has not come on United States, the world's largest emitter, has not come on board.board.

Reducing reliance on fuel will help to slow down the effects Reducing reliance on fuel will help to slow down the effects and will help to adapt better to changes in the future.and will help to adapt better to changes in the future.

Possible Implications Of Possible Implications Of Environmental Policies Environmental Policies

1. According to a report by the 1. According to a report by the Department of Energy, Department of Energy, stringent targets to reduce stringent targets to reduce fossil-fuel emissions in the US fossil-fuel emissions in the US will will cause energy-intensive cause energy-intensive industriesindustries, including steel, iron, , including steel, iron, chemical, rubber and plastic, to chemical, rubber and plastic, to flee from the developed flee from the developed countries to undeveloped countries to undeveloped countries, taking with them countries, taking with them hundreds of thousands of jobs.hundreds of thousands of jobs.

Possible Implications Of Possible Implications Of Environmental PoliciesEnvironmental Policies

2. 2. Carbon taxesCarbon taxes will cause relatively large will cause relatively large income losses in the poorest one-fifth of income losses in the poorest one-fifth of the population. The poor, because they the population. The poor, because they spend a greater proportion of their spend a greater proportion of their income on necessities, would have few income on necessities, would have few ways to cut back to compensate for ways to cut back to compensate for higher living costs. higher living costs.

Possible Implications Of Possible Implications Of Environmental PoliciesEnvironmental Policies

3. Stabilizing emissions at 1990 levels by 3. Stabilizing emissions at 1990 levels by 2010 would 2010 would reduce the growthreduce the growth of US per of US per capita income by 5% per year.capita income by 5% per year.

4. Senior citizens on fixed incomes would 4. Senior citizens on fixed incomes would find their find their energy costs escalatingenergy costs escalating and and their income dwindling. their income dwindling.

Will The Policies Actually Will The Policies Actually Stop Global Warming? Stop Global Warming?

By all estimates, only severe reductions in global CO2 By all estimates, only severe reductions in global CO2 emissions -- on the order of 60 percent or more -- will emissions -- on the order of 60 percent or more -- will alter the forecasts.alter the forecasts.

The resulting economic dislocations would be The resulting economic dislocations would be tremendous, potentially outweighing the negative tremendous, potentially outweighing the negative impacts of even the most apocalyptic warming impacts of even the most apocalyptic warming scenario. scenario.

If the policies do not include developing nations the If the policies do not include developing nations the result will likely be a reallocation of emissions to result will likely be a reallocation of emissions to developing nations, not a reduction of emissions. developing nations, not a reduction of emissions.

Summary - listSummary - list

1.1. Has the climate changed during the 20th century?Has the climate changed during the 20th century?2.2. What causes this climate change?What causes this climate change?3.3. What climate changes are expected for the future?What climate changes are expected for the future?4.4. What are the likely consequences of climate change?What are the likely consequences of climate change?5.5. How could Climate Change affect us in the future?How could Climate Change affect us in the future?6.6. How could greenhouse gas emissions be reduced?How could greenhouse gas emissions be reduced?7.7. Are recent extreme weather events due to global warming?Are recent extreme weather events due to global warming?8.8. Do man-made greenhouse gases matter compared to water Do man-made greenhouse gases matter compared to water

vapor?vapor?9.9. Can ecosystems adapt to Climate Change?Can ecosystems adapt to Climate Change?10.10. What is and is not known with certainty about Climate Change?What is and is not known with certainty about Climate Change?11.11. ConclusionConclusion12.12. Other viewsOther views

SummarySummary

global problemglobal problem atributable to human activitiesatributable to human activities nature can change it by itselfnature can change it by itself demand-suply law may change itdemand-suply law may change it

Questions?Questions?

Thank You!Thank You!

SourcesSources

Link for sources:Link for sources: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/

2006/09/17/INGEJL4C1T1.DTL2006/09/17/INGEJL4C1T1.DTL

http://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/watch/climathttp://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/watch/climate_change/change.htme_change/change.htm

http://www.globalwarming.orghttp://www.globalwarming.org