Globalization:

good or bad, for whom?

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History of GlobalizationHuman Migration

Human migration

http://stryder.com/staid/migration_of_anatomically_modern_humans_bldg_blog_2008.jpg

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History of GlobalizationTrade Routes

Trade Routes

http://www.wwnorton.com/worlds/ch4/maps.htm

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Globalization

• Definition by Rhys Jenkins (2004):

‘A process of greater integration within the

world economy through movements of

goods and services, capital, technology

and labour, which lead increasingly to

economic decisions being influenced by

global conditions.’

Definition

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Think about the world…..

BEFORE globalization

1. Distance mattered - space often

measured in time

2. Territorial boundaries more or

less kept things in and out

3. Society and culture had spatial

referents

4. Everything had its “place”

(literally)

AFTER globalization

1. Distance becomes almost

irrelevant (the end of distance)

2. Boundaries are increasingly

permeable.

3. Groups and cultures increasingly

don’t have a territorial basis

(deterritorialization)

4. A new kind of non-physical

“place” is emerging

(supraterritoriality)

Before & After Globalization

A world of deterritorialization &

supraterritoriality

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What fosters globalization?

• The technology of the Internet and

means if rapid communication (e.g.,

email)

• The geopolitical changes following the

demise of the Soviet Union and the

opening of borders

, which led to the widely accepted belief that

markets regulate themselves and

free market economy is the best system

Triggers for the Globalization

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Pros and Cons

• Globalization has

the potential to

benefit humankind

and is here to stay.

• Globalization widens

inequality.

Pros and Cons

http://live.worldbank.org/joseph-stiglitz-price-inequality-liveblog-webcast

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Global InequalityRich/developed

• Already had developed

government regulations

• Already had social

institutions and safety

nets in place (e.g., free

universal education, universal

healthcare, unemployment

insurance, pension systems)

Poor/developing

• The conditions demanded

by the international

institutions for debt

restructuring were drastic

cuts in social spending.

• Healthcare and education

suffered most.

• Lost their vital markets

because of agricultural

subsidies and trade

barriers.

Global inequality

Public spending on health, education and other social

projects were cut, jobs were lost and poor countries and

poor people became even poorer.

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Globalization and Health

• Global flows of money and information

with direct impact on health involve

people and their lifestyles as defined by

consumption patterns.

• Trade liberalization– Aggressive global tobacco marketing →

↑smoking → chronic diseases across

national borders

– Increased foreign direct investment in food

processing → ↑ obesity in developing

Health

10

Globalization and

Human Resources for Health

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Human resources for Health

http://www.who.int/world-health-day/previous/2006/en/

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Healthcare Worker Shortage

• The migration of skilled health workers is

part of the growing global integrating of

healthcare markets.

Healthcare worker shortage

• Workers in health systems

around the world, and

nurses in particular, are

experiencing increasing

demands stress and

insecurity.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-OEhqIkhSY

12

Global Nursing Ethics

• The essence of a global ethic is based

on the knowledge of what it means to

be a human being, despite cultural,

religious, ethnic, political, gender, age

and economic differences.

Global nursing ethics

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Global Nursing Ethics

• The essence of a global ethic is based

on the knowledge of what it means to

be a human being, despite cultural,

religious, ethnic, political, gender, age

and economic differences.

• Amartya Sen’s 10 central human

capabilities

Global nursing ethics

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Sen’s central human capabilities

Tshudin, V., & Davis, A J. Eds.

(2008). The Globalisation of Nursing.

Oxon, United Kingdom: Radcliff

Publishing, Ltd. Page 19-21

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Global Nursing

Global Nursing

Global Nurse Initiative, Two Years Later

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKXqWqGW7gA

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Leadership

MBC 일밤단비, 잠비아에서우물파다http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qX_-Ff81yEI

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Leadership

http://www.toms.com/our-movement/l

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Global vs. International

Global vs. International

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Global vs. International

• GLOBAL HEALTH

includes health issues

which are international and

domestic.

• We have special attention

to health issues in North

Korea

North Korea

Global vs. International

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Global health vs. Global health care

Global health

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Questions

Comments

Thoughts

Suggestions

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Discussion Questions

1. Define globalization and its pros and

cons

2. Describe personal experience about

globalization and its

favorable/unfavorable effects

Discussion Questions