Date post: | 13-Dec-2014 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | masterprep |
View: | 995 times |
Download: | 10 times |
MBA Center
GMAT SecretsBy Hubert Silly, PhD
READY?
Welcome to “GMAT secrets”!
Is it a management
test?
More than anything else, your GMAT score simply reflects your ability to take the GMAT. This is a test of your ability to take a test.
What is this thing called the GMAT?
The GMAT is a required test for entrance into MBA programs.It’s a multiple-choice test, which means that there is always one (and only one) correct answer for each question.
The GMAT tests your verbal and quantitative skills, not your knowledge of management.
Is it a test of knowledge?
A certain level of math and verbal skills is essential, but to ace the GMAT exam you’ll also need to know how to take the GMAT.
Is it an IQ test?
What is the breakdown?
Tutorial
5’ BREAK
Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA)
Two essays•Analysis of an issue
•Analysis of an argument
Quantitative (Mathematics) Section37 questions
•Problem Solving•Data Sufficiency
Verbal Section41 questions
•Sentence Correction•Critical Reasoning•Reading Comprehension
Three main subject areas
•business•social sciences•science
5’ BREAK
What is the GMAT for?
• London Business School has found a high correlation between GMAT math scores and eventual success in their MBA program and therefore concentrates on the quantitative score to select, or “weed out,” applicants.
• Wharton considers the overall GMAT score to be a good indicator of future success in their MBA curriculum, especially for applicants with little or no scientific background.
We contacted many of the top business schools. Our inquiries make one thing perfectly clear: there is no universal or uniform use of GMAT scores.
For example:
• Duke considers only the Verbal section of the test as a relevant selection tool, which is used primarily to evaluate your English abilities.
GMAT policy
You might also consider the policy of certain schools toward applicants who have taken the GMAT several times.
• INSEAD, for instance, does not discriminate against the applicant and simply accepts the highest score.
• Stanford, however, averages the scores submitted.
University policies change, so contact your target schools and do the research for yourself. Generally, the best tactic is to achieve the highest score possible the first time you take the test.
The CAT and You
And I’ll tell you a secret: You can skip questions in each section and still be guaranteed a score of 750.
You can skip the last ten questions, that is, if you get the first ten correct, because it’s that first third that establishes your level of difficulty.
Except for the Analytical Writing Assessment and the Reading Comprehension questions, all the questions on the computer test are adaptive.
It’s imperative that you understand the adaptive principle if you hope to get a good score.
If you can answer the first ten questions correctly and are able to maintain that score during the second third, you can quit without answering the last ten questions of each section.
Take a look at Wanda’s score chart…
She didn’t have time to finish the exam, yet even without answering the last several questions, her score dropped only slightly. Those final questions were worth so much less.
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Get the first third correct! Maintain that score!
This sample graph is not
indicative of the actual ETS
algorithm, but it should give you an idea as to the way your score
will be determined.
Because several questions are related to a single passage, a poor understanding of one Reading Comprehension passage early on would kill your adaptive Verbal score.
Reading Comprehension passages will not occur until after the computer has determined your skill level within the Verbal section.
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Get the first third correct!
Maintain that score!
The increments on the sample graph get smaller after each question is answered. After 7 or 8 questions, the tracking system will have formed its general impression of your test abilities and as it continues to adapt the test to you, the following questions will vary by still fewer and fewer points.
Note that you will not see Reading Comprehension questions within the first seven questions of the verbal section
While you should aim at finishing all questions on the GMAT exam, it’s the first seven to twelve in a section that you should spend the most time and energy on trying to solve. Adjust your strategy to the strategy of the test.
A safe time to guess is on the last question. It will hardly affect your score at all.
Try our Adaptive Quiz of World Capitals (coming soon) and find out firsthand what an adaptive test is like.
Keep these two things about the CAT principle in mind:
1. Higher scores come from the value, not the number, of questions you answer correctly.
2. The test is designed to quickly determine your test level, within the first few questions of both the Math and the Verbal sections, and fine tune it as you go along.
Frequently Asked Questions
Think you understand how the CAT works? If not, you’ll need to go back through what we’ve talked about so far.
Or try some of the links below. These are some of the most frequently asked questions about the GMAT CAT.
• Should I answer questions wrong on purpose so the test gets easier?
• How much does the level of difficulty change from question to question?
• Does my performance on one section affect the level of difficulty of the questions in the other sections?
• Is the computer program that precise?• Can I skip a question?
Frequently Asked Questions
Should I answer questions wrong on purpose so the test gets easier?
Absolutely not! If you answer a question wrong, the computer will give you an easier question but your score will go down as a result.
If you want a good score (and you know you do!) you must answer as many questions as possible correctly . The harder the question, the higher the point value.
This is crucial information! Since the CAT scoring algorithm determines your test level very rapidly answering correctly without hesitation from the first question on is extremely important so that you start off with a high score. It’s much easier to maintain a high score than it is to raise a low score.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much does the level of difficulty change from question to question?
In the beginning, quite a lot - toward the end, not so much. This is an important quirk in the system. The objective of the CAT is to quickly determine (right from the beginning) your approximate test level and then fine-tune it while you continue the test.
To illustrate: a right answer on the first question results in an increase of 50 points, a right answer on the second, an increase of 40 points—on the second-to-last question a right answer nets you an increase of only 10 points.
So, if you answer the first few questions correctly, you’ll swiftly receive more difficult (higher score value) questions and can therefore raise your score.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does my performance on one section affect the level of difficulty of the questions in the other sections?
No. Each section is scored separately and begins with a question at the 500-level score value.
If, for example, the Quantitative Section is the first section of the test, and if you get all the questions wrong, you’ll still begin with a question valued at 500 on the Verbal Section.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the computer program that precise?
At The MBA Center, we don’t think so: it’s about as precise as the pencil-and-paper test. Standardized tests, even on computer, cannot be 100 percent accurate in their estimation of the level of difficulty of a given question.
Some students consider difficult questions to be easy, other students consider easy questions to be difficult—it varies from test to test, student to student. However, the Adaptive Scoring System comes closer to identifying a personalized test level than did the pencil-and-paper test.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I skip a question?
No. Unlike the old test, on the CAT you cannot skip a question and come back to it. Neither can you change your responses. In order to advance to the next question you must enter your answer and then confirm it.
The explanation is simple: the computer selects a question for you which depends on an algorithm that takes into consideration all of your answers thus far—if you could go back and change an answer, the continuity of the algorithm would be broken.
Draw a Grid
Ten years ago, you would have been able to cross out wrong answer choices in your booklet.
This process of elimination was always a great strategy in the past. By ruling out answer choices that were definitely wrong, students could focus on the ones that were possibly right.
Unfortunately, since you can’t write on the computer screen, you can’t cross out the wrong answer choices. A new system is necessary to keep track of wrong answer choices.
Our Process of Error Identification is your best tool when you approach difficult questions, and drawing a grid will help you keep track of it all.
When you sit down to take the test, use the time during the mandatory CAT-tutorial (which you will know well before the exam) and during the optional 5-minute break between the Quantitative and Verbal sections to draw yourself a grid, such as this:
There are two specific advantages to the grid:
1. You can eliminate wrong answers and focus on remaining possible answer choices.
2. You can cross out an answer choice, and have a record of it, as soon as you see that it’s incorrect.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A
B
C
D
E
X
X
O
X
X
X X
O
OX
X
X
X
X
X
The power of good guesswork is one reason why multiple-choice tests are rarely given in school.
Simply put, the correct answer is there right in front of you. That’s why ETS makes every effort to try to steer you toward misleading, incorrect answer choices.
The Wrong Answer Factory realizes that most people who take the test make the same mistakes:
1 errors in calculation2 jumping to conclusions3 overcomplicating simple problems
If you know how wrong answers are made and what they’re made of, you’ll avoid being the victim of tricks and traps waiting for you.
Strategies at work
Given a little time, a little coursework and a little practice, you’ll be eliminating wrong answers with deadly accuracy.
Take a look at this example:
From September 1 to October 1, the price per share of a certain stock increased 10 percent. From October 1 to November 1, the price increased 20 percent. What was the combined percent increase from September 1 to November 1 ?
(A)(B)(C)(D)(E) 32
It’d be easy if they presented word problems this way, wouldn’t it?
The Wrong Answer Factory
Now look at this same question as you’d see it on the GMAT.
Click on the oval that corresponds with the correct answer.
From September 1 to October 1, the price per share of a certain stock increased 10 percent. From October 1 to November 1, the price increased 20 percent. What was the combined percent increase from September 1 to November 1 ?
(A) 10(B) 18(C) 20(D) 30(E) 32
This is a tricky question. The temptation is simply to add 10 and 20 to get 30. But answering a Problem Solving question is never that easy.
Answer choice (D) is there for test takers who don’t fully understand the problem. Rule it out! ETS will never offer you a difficult question with such a simple solution.
What about answer choices (A) and (C)?
Some test takers pick numbers they see in the problem itself when they have no idea what to do. Rule them out! Those are there to fool test takers who are utterly lost.
So what do we have left? Just (B) and (E). Much better odds, don’t you think?
Now, let’s look at this problem a little closer.
Not so easy any more.
Well done! Don’t forget that ETS has had years of experience writing Problem Solving questions.
Don’t get fooled by:
• Making simple arithmetic mistakes(adding instead of subtracting, for example)
• Omitting a step of a multiple-step problem• Confusing units of measure or time
(forgetting to convert from hours to minutes, for example)
Click on the forward Advance icon and take a look at our method for approaching Problem Solving questions.
They know all about test takers’ most common mistakes. You should too!
This is an example of one of the ways ETS will try to fool you using the Wrong Answer Factory techniques. In the following lessons, we’ll apply Wrong Answer Factory and Process of Error Identification strategies to all question types. Welcome to the GMAT
Now suppose the September 1 price was $100. Then the October 1 price, after a 10 percent increase, would be $110.
Increase that price by 20 percent and you get a November 1 price of $110 + (20% of $110) = $110 + $22 = $132. That is 32 percent greater than the September 1 price.
From September 1 to October 1, the price per share of a certain stock increased 10 percent. From October 1 to November 1, the price increased 20 percent. What was the combined percent increase from September 1 to November 1 ?
(A) 10(B) 18(C) 20(D) 30(E) 32
The correct answer is 32,
(E).
The Process of Error Identification
Ruling out incorrect answer choices is essential to all GMAT question types.
We call this the Process of Error Identification, and it’s the best way to avoid formulaic Wrong Answer Factory tricks.
Use the Process of Error Identification to help you solve this next word problem…
If Lorenzo walks to work at 3 miles per hour and returns along the same route at 2 miles per hour, what is his average speed for the round trip?
(A) 2 miles per hour(B) 2.2 miles per hour(C) 2.4 miles per hour(D) 2.5 miles per hour(E) 3 miles per hour
Click on the oval that corresponds with the correct answer choice.
What’s the distance between home and work?
It really doesn’t matter. His rates there and back remain the same. So choose a distance that works well with the numbers you already have.
Try six…
If Lorenzo walks to work at 3 miles per hour and returns along the same route at 2 miles per hour, what is his average speed for the round trip?
Two hours to get to work, and three hours to get back home.Five hours for the round trip of twelve miles
1 hr 1 hr
1 hr1 hr1 hr
Average speed:12 miles in 5 hours,
or 2.4 mph.
HOME WORK
1 2 53 4 6
Now add the hours.
Sorry, the correct answer is (C). Remember, ETS has had years of experience writing Problem Solving questions.
Don’t get fooled by:
• Making simple arithmetic mistakes(adding instead of subtracting, for example)
• Omitting a step of a multiple-step problem• Confusing units of measure or time
(forgetting to convert from hours to minutes, for example)
Click on the forward Advance icon and take a look at our method for approaching Problem Solving questions.
They know all about test takers most common mistakes. You should too!
Click on the Explanation icon to see
how it’s done.