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1
GNSS devices: validations state of play,
perspective studies
Cozmin LUCAU
GeoCAP, JRC Ispra
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
2
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
1. GNSS devices validated/certified
Member States (MS)- Statistical analysis carried out by MS (and verified by
JRC)- Statistical analysis carried out by JRC
Reference Laboratory (RL)
3
1. GNSS devices validated/certified
Member States (MS)- Statistical analysis carried out by MS (and verified by
JRC)- Statistical analysis carried out by JRC
Reference Laboratory (RL)
NAVCERTthe certifying company commits its responsibility for any measurement done with a certified instrument
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
4
1. GNSS devices validated - MS
http://marswiki.jrc.ec.europa.eu/wikicap/index.php/GNSS_receivers_validated#GNSS_devices_validated_by_Member_States
56 devices/modes/methods were validated since 2007 !!!
Number of validated GNSS devices per year
Ongoinganalyses
1. GNSS devices validated - MSFor 2 devices/modes/methods, the calculated R is too
high (> 1.5m) and can not be used for area measurement
Holux GM270 – standalone (FR)Magellan Mobile Mapper – standalone (LT)
* Only 2007-2011data : n = 53
Number of validated GNSS devices per tolerance class
5
1. GNSS devices validated - MSFor 34 devices /modes/methods out of 51 (67 %
from validated devices) the tolerance is lower than 0.75 m !!
* Only 2007-2011 data, with R<1.5m; n = 51
Number of validated GNSS devices per tolerance class
1. GNSS devices validated - MS32 devices/modes/methods out of 51 (63 % from
validated devices) uses differential corrections (EGNOS, DGPS real time or post-processing)
The use of differential corrections, increase the accuracy of
absolute position !!
* Only 2007-2011 data, with R<1.5m; n = 51
Number of validated GNSS devices per measurement mode
6
1. GNSS devices validated - MSThe continuous measurement method is more frequently used: 33 devices out of 51 validates
(65%)
* Only 2007-2011 data, with R<1.5m; n = 51
Continuous measurement method can
be faster BUT have to pay
attention when are
measuring the corners
!!Number of validated GNSS devices per measurement method
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
7
1. GNSS devices validated - RL
http://marswiki.jrc.ec.europa.eu/wikicap/index.php/GNSS_receivers_validated#GNSS_devices_validated_by_Reference_Laboratories
21 devices /modes/methods validates since 2010
• Leica Geosystems AG, Heerbrugg, Switzerland
• Scientific Stanislaw Staszic Association, Cracow, Poland
• University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
Number of validated GNSS devices per year
1. GNSS devices validated - RLFor 1 device, the calculated R is too high (> 1.5m)
and can not be used for area measurements
ASUS P527 with GPS receiver Haicom HI-408 BT
Number of validated GNSS devices per tolerance class
8
1. GNSS devices validated - RLFor 10 devices /modes/methods out of 20 (50%
from validated devices) the tolerance is lower than 0.75 m !!
* Only data with R<1.5m; n = 20
Number of validated GNSS devices per tolerance class
1. GNSS devices validated - RL12 devices /modes/methods out of 20 (60 % from
validated devices) uses differential corrections (EGNOS, DGPS real time or post-processing)
* Only data with R<1.5m; n = 20
Number of validated GNSS devices per measurement mode
9
1. GNSS devices validated - RLThe continuous measurement method is more frequently used: 16 devices out of 20 validates
(80%)
* Only data with R<1.5m; n = 20
Number of validated GNSS devices per measurement method
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
10
1. GNSS devices certified
http://www.tuev-sued.de/navcert/en/certification_marks/ppp_80010/references
4 devices /modes/methods have in present a valid certificate
• TOPCON GMS-2 (B class – 0,8m)• TOPCON GRS-1 (A class – 0,1m)• StarFire iTC (A class – 0,3m)• GEOmeterMX (B class – 0,5m)
For 7 devices the certificates are expired - legal issue (certificate valid if no technical change)
- no renewal from manufacturer - to check with NAVCERT !!!
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
11
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
Thank you for the questionnaire !!!
Your answers allow us to have an overall view about
the number of used device, the measurement
mode and method, the specific uses of the
receivers ………………….
and to try to clarify some points….
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
> 6200 receivers !!!!
The statistics calculated in the next slides of this presentation are preliminaries and take in account only partially data due to:- For the 1000 receivers used in Poland
there are not yet complete information
- Some data were filled yesterday evening and today impossible to update all graphics
- Some clarifications needed for specific cases
General trends are presented !!!
12
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3139 receivers /modes/methods out of 4833 (65 %from analyzed sample) uses differential corrections
(EGNOS, DGPS real time or post-processing)
Number of available GNSS receivers per measurement mode
Similar value with value calculated for all
validated/certified device: 47 out of 75 (63%)
Number of validated/certified GNSS devicesper measurement mode
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3381 receivers /modes/methods out of 5126 (66 %from analyzed sample) are used in vertex AND
continuous method (“combined”)
The use of GNSS devices in both
measurement methods, vertex and continuous, seems to be used very often on the field !!!!
Number of available GNSS receivers per measurement method
13
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
* the same receiver can be used for different applications
The majority of existing receivers are used for area measurements (n=5087*)
• During the Audit C.E.• Used for RD controls (2nd pillar)• Some Cross - compliance feature capture• Verification of good orthorectification for current year imagery used for RS• Other uses different measurements (location, orientation, ...etc)• LPIS QA rapid field visits. Point capture for photographs
Other applications
Number of available
GNSS receivers
per application
type
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
The majority of used receivers (n=3111) are validated by MS (69% from considered sample of 4494)
Number of available GNSS receivers validated - certified
14
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
3. DiscussionsUse of GNSS devices validated by a reference laboratory or another MS ……..
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Slovakia in 2011ContinuousR = 0,5
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Italy in 2011ContinuousR = 0,75 m
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3. DiscussionsUse of GNSS devices validated by a reference laboratory or another MS ……..
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Slovakia in 2011ContinuousR = 0,5
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Italy in 2011ContinuousR = 0,75 m
0.5 m ???? 0.75 m ????
????Which R value to be eventually used, for another MS (PL for
example)
??????
3. DiscussionsUse of GNSS devices validated by a reference laboratory or another MS ……..
0.5 m ???? 0.75 m ????
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Slovakia in 2011ContinuousR = 0,5with SKPOS correction in real time
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Italy in 2011ContinuousR = 0,75 m
No SKPOS in Poland !!!
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3. DiscussionsUse of GNSS devices validated by a reference laboratory or another MS ……..
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Slovakia in 2011ContinuousR = 0,5 with SKPOS correction in real time
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Italy in 2011ContinuousR = 0,75 mwith EGNOS corrections
0.5 m ???? 0.75 m ????
EGNOS estimated error:
- 2.4 -3.5 m in Italy- 3.6 – 7.3 m in
Poland
No SKPOS in Poland !!!
3. DiscussionsUse of GNSS devices validated by a reference laboratory or another MS ……..
0.5 m ???? 0.75 m ????
You can have an idea about the performances of this receiver
BUT …….
NEW VALIDATION NEDEED !!!!
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Slovakia in 2011ContinuousR = 0,5 with SKPOS correction in real time
Leica Zeno 10Validated in Italy in 2011ContinuousR = 0,75 mwith EGNOS corrections
17
3. DiscussionsUse of GNSS devices validated by a reference laboratory or another MS ……..
47 devices (modes/methods) from 75 validated/certified (MS+RL+NAVCERT) uses corrections (EGNOS, DGPS real time or post-processing) - 63%
We recommend to organize validation tests taking in account specific conditions for
each MS (region) !!!
????!!!!THE SAME- Software- Firmware- Settings- Measurement method- …….
Ex. GeoXT, continuous- FR – Arpent GIS v 4,7- PL – Terrasync v 2.53- LV – Terrasync v 2.31
Total number of validated/certified GNSS devicesper measurement mode
2 days with 3 operators + 1 day for organization/results
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
18
3. DiscussionsContinuous and/or vertex ?
The “combined” measurements (vertex + continuous) are very often used during on the field controls !!!!
Validated/certified devices(7 out of 75)
Survey preliminary result(29 out of 71)
3. DiscussionsContinuous and/or vertex ?
Survey preliminary result
Number of used devices (modes/methods)
Number of used receivers
The device have to be validated for the both
measurement methods, vertex and
continuous !!!!!
19
3. DiscussionsContinuous and/or vertex ?For vertex measurement method, intermediary vertices measured
between corners, even if there are straight lines, are helpful ?
L = 300 m
* Scale not respected !!!!!
x* = 3 m due to border recognition
Real area (RA) = 90000 sqmReal perimeter = 1200 m
Ex. Only border interpretation error, without taking in account GNSS errors
Measured area ± 89360 sqm
R=1.0 m tolerance ± 1190 sqm
R=0.5 m tolerance ± 595 sqm
Between 2 and 4 minutes more needed to measure intermediates
vertices for this field !!!!!!
????????
Measured perimeter ±1190 m
Error = ± 640 sqm > 595 sqm
3. DiscussionsContinuous and/or vertex ? 1 sec/vertex
Ex. Only GNSS errors, without
taking in account border
interpretation error*.
* - depending of the field, the
border interpretation errors can
be more much higher than GNSS
errors
Temporal dependency
Standard deviation
Distance between vertices (m)
Five square fields- 100 m- 200 m- 300 m- 500 m- 1000 m
GeoXTstandalone GeoXT with
EGNOS corections
The impact of intermediate vertices f.
of parcel area, temporal dependency,
number of measurements/vertex
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3. DiscussionsContinuous and/or vertex ? 5 sec/vertexTemporal
dependency
Distance between vertices (m)
Five square fields- 100 m- 200 m- 300 m- 500 m- 1000 m
GeoXTstandalone GeoXT with
EGNOS corections
Ex. Only GNSS errors, without
taking in account border
interpretation error*.
* - depending of the field, the
border interpretation errors can
be more much higher than GNSS
errors
Standard deviation
The impact of intermediate vertices f.
of parcel area, temporal dependency,
number of measurements/vertex
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
21
3. DiscussionsMeasurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
Number of used receivers
Measurements in
difficult conditions
(forest) ……..
(continuous/vertex,
UAV, laser, …. ??)
Linear feature
measurements …
(positioning of
the feature !!)
LPIS update …
(absolute
accuracy of GNSS
device !!)
1. GNSS devices validated/certified• by member states (MS)
• by reference laboratories (RL)
• by NAVCERT
2. GNSS devices available for 2012 control campaign
3. Discussions• Use of GNSS devices validated by another MS ?
• Continuous and/or vertex ?
• Measurements in difficult conditions (forest) ?
4. Perspectives
Outline
22
4. Perspectives- > 6200 receivers !!!!
- validation/certification ongoing process: new receivers, complementary
methods (vertex AND continuous), improvement of EGNOS corrections
(coverage and accuracy), etc..
- due to the high quality of new GNSS receivers, the independent errors (use of
device, border interpretation) are higher
4. Perspectives- > 6000 receivers !!!!
- validation/certification ongoing process: new receivers, complementary
methods (vertex AND continuous), improvement of EGNOS corrections
(coverage and accuracy), etc..
- due to the high quality of new GNSS receivers, the independent errors (use of
device, border interpretation) are higher
- detailed and complete instructions for trained inspectors
- new studies concerning
- EGNOS impact
- measurements in forest
- …….
23
Thank you for your attention!