GOFC/GOLD - Fire

Requirements for Fire Observations

Requirements and StatusCover Products

Fine resolution land cover classification

CNES WS App 3, p.11

Y Y Landsat, HRV Y N (available regionally)

N N N

Fine resolution land cover change (RAD)

CNES WS App 3, p.11

Y Y, Landsat, HRV Y N (available regionally)

P N N

Fine resolution land cover change (harvesting, insect and disease,

regeneration)

CNES WS App 3, p.11

Y P, Landsat, HRV P N (available regionally)

P N N

Forest Cover fragmentation product

CNES WS App 3, p.16

Y Y N N N N N

Coarse resolution land cover classification

CNES WS App 4, p.31

Y MODIS/ Vegetation/

AVHRR

Y MODIS standard product; GLC

2000

P Y (VIIRS EDR) N

Coarse resolution forest density (continuous fields)

CNES WS App 4, p.33

Y MODIS/ Vegetation/

AVHRR

Y MODIS product P N N

Coarse resolution land cover change (indicator)

CNES WS App 4, p.34

Y P (MODIS 250m) Y N (available regionally)

N N N

Fire Products

Active fire detection - daily (polar)

CNES WS App 4, p.35

Y Y Y MODIS, AVHRR, DMSP, AATSR,

VIRS

P Y P

Active fire detection - diurnal cycle

(geostationery+polar)

FIRE IT web site

Y Y Y GOES, VIRS P Y N

Burnt area CNES WS App 4, p.36

Y Y Y Globscar, GBA-2000, MODIS

Regional

P N N

Emission product suite FIRE IT web site

Y P ? N (available regionally)

N N N

Fire danger rating FIRE IT web site

Y ? ? N (available regionally)

N N N

Biophysical Products

LAI CNES WS App 4, p.35

Y Y Y MODIS P ?VIIRS N

FPAR CNES WS App 4, p.38

Y Y Y AVHRR, MODIS P ?VIIRS N

PAR CNES WS App 4, p.39

Y Y Y GOES P ?VIIRS N

NPP CNES WS App 4, p.40

Y Y Y AVHRR, MODIS P N N

Biomass CNES WS App 4, p.41

Y N P N N N N

* for the sake of brevity I have indicated the sensor from which prototype products have been created

Fire ProductsGOFC/GOLD Products GOFC

Spec.Requirement

Observations

Algorithms

Prototype

Assessment

Operational

QA & Val

Iterate

Active fire detection - daily (polar)

CNES WS App 4, p.35

Y Y Y MODIS, AVHRR, DMSP, AATSR,

VIRS

P Y P N

Active fire detection - diurnal cycle

(geostationery+polar)

FIRE IT web site

Y Y Y GOES, VIRS

P Y N N

Burnt area CNES WS App 4, p.36

Y Y Y Globscar, GBA-2000,

MODIS Regional

P N N N

Emission product suite

FIRE IT web site

Y P ? N (available regionally)

N N N N

Fire danger rating FIRE IT web site

Y ? ? N (available regionally)

N N N N

Fire Observations • Near Real Time (15 mins) for Regional Fire Control and Air

Quality Management • Temporal Summaries for Fire and Ecosystem Management,

National Reporting and Global Change Research • Requirements for

– sensing systems with appropriate characteristics for deriving fire products

– Intermediate and derived fire products of known accuracy– Web based open access to data – Consistent Long Term Data records – fire history and policy

effectiveness

• Requirements evolving - user needs / observation capabilities– Rapid operational prototyping

Summary Requirements:

Active Fire/Fire Power • Integrated Multi-source Satellite acquisition with appropriate sensors

for fire detection (SWIR, MIR, Thermal – geolocation, spectral and temporal registration) – 15 minute Geostationary

• Global Geostationary Network – Daily Day/Night Polar Orbiting Moderate Resolution (500m-1km)– Targeted High Resolution (<30m) Imaging (24 hours)

• e.g. Sensor Web • Derived Products (Validated)

– NRT Active Fire - Location /Power/Detection Probability (mins to hours)– Daily, Monthly, Annual, Multiyear Active Fire Distributions

• Web based fire location delivery (inc. email alert system)

Summary Requirements:

Burned Area • Multi-source Satellite Acquisition with sensor

characteristics for burned area estimation (geolocation, band to band registration, visible, NIR, SWIR) – Daily Geostationary <1km– Daily Polar Orbiting Mod Resn (250m - 1km)– Targeted High Resn (30m)

• E.g. sensor web technology – link to active fire detection

• Derived Validated Products– NRT (24 - 72 Hrs) High (30m) and Moderate Resn (250 – 1km)

Burned Area identification – Global 10 -16 day Moderate Resn Burned Area, Seasonal, Annual

Summaries, Multiyear record – 30m Burned Area (Post fire assessment and Validation) – targeted

fires

Summary Requirements:

Fire Emissions • Satellite Data

– 15 min Geostationary (Active fire / Area Burned / Smoke) for NRT– Global Daily observations (Burned area products) for temporal

summaries • In-situ Data (Sample)

– Fuel Load for product validation– Emission Factors– Aerosol optical thickness (e.g. Aeronet)

• Intermediate Product– Modeled Fuel Loads – seasonal / annual

• Derived Products (Modeled) – NRT Trace Gas and Particulate Emissions– 10/16 Day – Monthly Emissions, Seasonal summaries, Multi annual

emissions– Direct emission observation – aerosols, trace gases

Summary Requirements:

Fire Danger Status • Satellite Data with appropriate characteristics for

monitoring vegetation state (geolocation, registration, vis, nir, swir, thermal) – Polar Orbiter 250-1km (vegetation state, moisture content)

• In-situ Data– Weather– Fuel amount and condition (satellite and modeled)

• Intermediate Products – Recent Weather (Assimilated) – Satellite Vegetation Moisture Content – Modeled Fuel amount (Allocated annual NPP)

• Derived Products (Modeled) – 10/16 Day – Fire Danger Rating

Importance of Product Validation

• Importance of providing products of known accuracy (validated products) for both science and applications

• Validated to Stage 2 prior to broad distribution - range of conditions for which the product is provided

• GOFC/GOLD close partnership with CEOS Cal Val WG -Land Products Validation (LPV)– International coordination needed for Stage 3 Global Product

Validation

GOFC/GOLD-Fire Goals• Increase user awareness

– develop an increased understanding of the utility of satellite fire products and their use for global change research, resource management and policy (UN, Regional, National, Local)

• Establish a geostationary global fire network– providing operational high temporal resolution standard fire products

of known accuracy

• Secure operational polar orbiters with adequate fire monitoring capability – providing operational moderate resolution long-term global fire

products to meet user requirements and serving a network of distributed ground stations

– providing improved fire products (fuel moisture content/active fire/burned area/fire characterization) in a timely fashion

– Providing operational high resolution acquisition allowing active fire, burned area, fire characterization and post-fire assessments

GOFC/GOLD-Fire Goals (Cont’d) • Determine product accuracies

– operational network of fire validation sites and protocols established providing accuracy assessment for operational products and a test bed for new or enhanced products – leading to standard products of known accuracy

• Develop a set of standard fire danger / susceptibility models – combining meteorological data, remote sensing, and ground based

information

• Develop fire emissions product suites – providing annual emission estimates of known accuracy with the associated

input data

• Establish enhanced user products and data access – Operational multi-source fire / GIS products, Web based data access,

Improved national fire reporting, Fire characterization

• Promote experimental fire observation systems and related research – in new areas focused on meeting current information gaps

Outreach – Fire Web Site

REDLaTIF – South America

Key sections also in Spanish and Russian

Rapid Operational Prototyping

ESA applications related to Land Cover, July 2004

GLOBSCAR for GOFC http://www.geosuccess.net

ATSR-2

Monthly for 2000

1km

Validated

Global algorithm regionally

adjusted (NIR and TIR)

Quicklooks, ASCII and

Vector data

Demonstration no follow-on

J-M. Grégoire & K. Tansey et al.

Total global annual burned area estimated at 3.5 million km2> 600,000 burn scars detected

The Global Burnt Area 2000 initiative (GBA-2000)

Mapping, from SPOT-VEGETATION S1 imagery, of the areas burnt globally during 2000

After ascertaining that the Robert fire is at lat 48.564 long –114.163, EO-1 is tasked to take closer high resolution look

4

3

1

SGM causes MOPSS, CMS, CASPER (ground version) to task EO-1 via command load

Large wild fires tracked by National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC)

and causes EO-1 to downlink the image to EROS Data Center (EDC) at Sioux Falls

5

6

SGM correlates selected wildfire (25 Robert) to exact present location using data from Rapid Fire workstation in MODIS Instrument Center which is updated every 5 minutes

MODIS Instrument on Terra or Aqua

7

2

MODIS Active Fire Detection Map

EDC performs L0 and L1 processing and FTP’s image to Dr. Rob Sohlberg, Univ. of Md.

Dr. Rob Sohlbergtransforms image into ERDAS format and FTP’s file to Forestry Service for evaluation

Natural Hazards investigators at UMD.

UMD team transforms image into ERDAS format and FTP’s file to USFS/Salt Lake City where burn extent product is derived. Result is sent to BAER team at Robert Fire.

SensorWeb Demonstration Scenario National Priority Wildfires 8-22-03

Remote Sensing Fire

Detection (ABBA-MODIS)

NAAPS Transport

Microphysics and Radiation Routines

(Reality Check)

NRT Emissions :

Emission Product

4D-Data Assimilation?

The MODIS Rapid Response Project – J. Descloitres – MODIS Science Team Meeting, 07/13/04

MODIS Rapid Response Distribution

• Browse-and-click interface

• Thumbnail available for each image

• Multiple spatial resolutions, multiple band combinations, multiple products

• Gallery images are georeferenced (“world file” available for GIS users)

• Link to actual data at the DAAC (WHOM and Data Pool), link to ECHO client planned

• Over 160 application-specific automatic subsets

Flash-basedinteractive viewer

Web Fire Mapperat Univ. of Maryland

Automatic subsets

Near-real-time “browse” imagery

Example of an e-mail alert attachment showing fires in the Tsingy de Bemaraha Reserve,

Madagascar

E-mail based alert system for protected areas

Users can subscribe to the email alert system on line at http://maps.geog.umd.edu

Additional National Scale Fire ProductsAdditional National Scale Fire ProductsAdditional National Scale Fire ProductsAdditional National Scale Fire Products

ARC IMS Interactive Web MappingARC IMS Interactive Web Mapping

ImageryImagery

Fire Detections Fire Detections MODIS, WFABBAMODIS, WFABBA

Fire Fire Regime/Condition Regime/Condition ClassClass

Fire Danger Rating Fire Danger Rating SystemSystem