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GOUT ARTHRITIS
What is Gout Arthritis
Gout is a kind of arthritis that occurs when uric acid builds up in blood and causes joint inflammation
EpidemiologyMen
WomenMean age of onset 49 60Incidence (age 32-64)2.8% 1.5%
Attack before the age of 30 is rare and suggest a genetic metabolic disorder
It is more common in men
Etiology Primary gout develops most often
in men between 30 and 60 years. Secondary gout usually results
from chronic diuretic therapy and presents in older subjects, often older than 65 years.
Pathology Gout is caused by disorders of purine
metabolism resulting in elevated levels of uric acid > 7 mg/dl in men > 6 mg/dl in women
Prolonged hyperuricemia leads to formation of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals
SYMPTOMS
Joint pain Affects one or more joints : hip, knee, ankle,
foot, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand, or other joints
Toe, ankle and knee are most common
Swelling of Joint Stiffness Warm and red Possible fever
The Four Stages of Gout
DiagnosisX-raysBlood testJoint aspirations
TREATMENT
Colchicine- reduces pain, swelling, and inflammation; pain subsides within 12 hours and relief occurs after 48 hours
Allopurinol- decreases the production of uric acid
Probenecid and sulfinpurazone- prevent absorption of uric acid in the tubules of kidney
THERAPY
Increase water intake Watch diet for food
rich in purines Avoid alcohol Eat enough
carbohydrates. If you are losing
weight, lose it slowly. Quick weight loss may cause uric acid kidney stones to form.