Governance in Sub-Continent (India)

Local Governance

Mr. ABBAS ALI

Governance in Sub-Continent

India Emblem

Capital New Delhi Largest City Mumbai Official Languages Hindi / Eng Area:32,87,590 KM2

GDP: $6266 Per Capita Population: 1,276,267,000 Religions

Hindu 79.8% Muslim 14.2% Christian2.3% Sikh & others 1.7%

Basic Structure

Local Governance in India 28 states Seven union territories. State governors are appointed by the

president for 5-year States have either unicameral or bicameral

parliaments and have jurisdiction over police and public order, agriculture, education, public health, and local government.

The federal government has jurisdiction over any matter not specifically reserved for the states.

President may intervene in state affairs during emergencies and may even suspend a state's government.

Federal Parliamentary Constitutional Republic

Cont…

Lower House (Lok-Sabha)

The lower house, the People's Assembly (Lok Sabha),

Elected every five years.

It may be dissolved earlier by the president.

It is composed of 545 members.

543 apportioned among the states.

Two chosen by the president.

Upper House (Rajya-Sabha)

The upper house, the Council of States (Elected by States)

250 members. The great majority are apportioned by state Each state's delegates are chosen by its elected

assembly. 12 members are appointed by the president. In addition, one member represents the union

territory of Puducherry. Members serve for six years, with one third

retiring every other year

Rural Local Governance system Panchayat Raj System

(Three Tier System)Foundation of Indian Political System. (Mahatma Gandhi)

Gram Panchayat:

Village,small town level or Group of Villages.Elected Sarpanch, (chairman), 5 years, focal person, some proposals,

Panchayat Samiti: Block (tehsil) Level Panchayat.

Zila Parishad: Panchayati Raj, Dist. Level Panchayat.

3 Million elected rep. at all levels, 580,000 villages 99.6% of rural population

Urban Local Government Municipal Corporation:

It is the topmost of urban local government and is for an urban area/centre with population above 3 lacs. 

Councilors:Members of the Municipal Corporation are elected on the basis of universal adult suffrage for a period of five years and they are called Councillors.

Municipal Commissioners and Mayors:He is an Indian Administrative Services official appointed by the state government and has the executive powers of the government of Municipal Corporations. The other executives known as the Mayor and Deputy Mayor are political executives elected for a period of one year by the members of the Corporation. The Mayor is the titular head of the corporation and presides over the meetings of the corporation.

Municipal Councils or Municipalities

Nagar Palika (Municipality)Administers a city of 100,000 or more. Members are elected for 5 years. Town is divided into wards as per population. Members elect president among themselves for representation of meetings.

Responsible for:Water, hospital, roads, street lighting, drainage, fire brigades, market places, record of births and deaths, solid waste management.

Source of Income:Different types of taxes on water, markets, vehicles etc

MUNICIPAL GOVT. IN VERY SMALL CITIES

Nagar Panchayats: (Notified Area Council or City Council)

It is for an urban area/centre

Having population of more than 30,000 and less than 100,000 inhabitants.

Have Mayor/chairman(NAC) with ward members. Membership consists of a minimum of ten elected ward members

and three nominated members. It consist of a Block Development Officer (commonly known as

Executive Officer), who is the chief of all administration.

SOME OTHER MUNICIPAL BODIES

Town Area Committee:

Township:

Cantonment Board:

Ref

Article of Ms. Puja Mandalwww.yourarticlelibrary.com

Wikipedia