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GOVERNMENT
The United Kingdom :
- A parliamentary democracy, baed on !ni"eral !##rage$
-A contit!tional monarchy in %hich miniter o# the &ro%n go"ern in the name o#
the 'o"ereign ,%ho i head o# 'tate and (ead o# the go"ernment $
-The relationhip bet%een the 'tate and the people relie on tat!te la% , common
la% and con"ention $
-The UK )arliament *the legilat!re + mae primary legilation
-)arliament i !preme and ha a!thority o"er go"ernment and la%-maing in the
United Kingdom a a %hole $
-The eec!ti"e comprie the Go"ernment *member o# &abinet and other
miniter reponible #or policie +,go"ernment department and agencie ,local
a!thoritie ,p!blic corporation ,independent reg!latory bodie ,and certain other
organi.ation !b/ect to miniterial control $
-The go"ernment deri"e it a!thority and memberhip #rom )arliament and can
only tay in o##ice i# it i able to command a ma/ority in the (o!e o# &ommon $
-The /!diciary determine common la% and interpret legilation $
-A Monarchy ,The 0!een i head o# the eec!ti"e and play an integral part in the
legilat!re $'he head the /!diciary and i both the commander-in-chie# o# all the
Armed 1orce o# the &ro%n and 2!preme go"ernor3 o# the etablihed &h!rch o#
England $
GROU) 4
TO)5&: GOVERNMENT
MEM6ER': 7E T(5 65N( NGU8EN
9OAN T(5 N(U NA
7O T(5 6E
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0!een Eli.abeth
)rime miniter : 9a"id &ameron
-5n practice, the Monarch act on the ad"ice o# her miniter$
)AR75AMENTAR8 E7E&TORA7 '8'TEM$
-The United Kingdom i di"ided into ;
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-&ontit!encie "ary in i.e and area ,the a"erage electorate i aro!nd
;>,?@@$The larget electorate in 9ecember @@? %a the 5le o# ight
*B@;,;@@ regitered "oter+ and the mallet the parely pop!lated Eilean
'iar * B,?@@+$
VOTER' :
-UK citi.en and citi.en o# other &ommon%ealth co!ntrie and the Rep!blic
5reland reident in the United Kingdom ,may "ote in election to the UK
)arliament contit!ency , and not !b/ect any legal in capacity to "ote $
-Member o# armed #orce ,&ro%n er"ant and ta## o# the 6ritih &o!ncil
employed o"erea may be regitered a3 er"ice "oter 2 or at an addre in
the contit!ency %here they %o!ld i# not er"ing abroad $6ritih citi.en li"ing
o"erea are entitled to regiter at their lat UK contit!ency and to "ote #or !pto B< year a#ter mo"ing abroad $
-)eople not entitled to "ote incl!de member o# the (o!e o# 7ord ,#oreign
national reident in the United Kingdom, ome patient detained !nder mental
health legilation ,con"icted %ithin the pre"io! < year o# corr!pt or illegal
election practice $
VOT5NG )RO&E9URE' :
-Voting i not comp!lory in the UK and the imple ma/ority ytem i !ed#or etminter election $
-At etminter election each elector may cat one "ote$
-The go"ernment ha taen a n!mber o# mea!re deigned to mae "oting
more acceible #or the electorate and allo% people more #leibility in
%here and %hen they "ote $Thee incl!de the introd!ction in @@@ o# potal
"oting on demand and the poibility o# "oting in a n!mber o# other %ay in
General election ometime a#ter @@;$
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&AN959ATE' :
- 6ritih citi.en and reident citi.en o# other &ommon%ealth co!ntrie and
the Rep!blic o# 5reland may be elected a M) pro"ided that they are aged
B or o"er and are not diC!ali#ied $
-9iC!ali#ied people incl!de member o# the (o!e o# 7ord , and holder
o# certain o##ice lited in the (o!e o# &ommon 9iC!ali#ication Act
B=>< $
Each candidate3 nomination m!t be propoed and econded by electorregitered in the contit!ency and igned by 4 other $
-&andidate do not ha"e to be baced by a political party $A candidate m!t
depoit
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)arty , #o!nded in B=>@ ,and 'inn 1ein ,%hich i the political %ing o#
the 5rih Rep!blican Army $
-The party that %in mot eat at a General Election ,or that ha the
!pport o# a ma/ority o# M) in the &ommon , !!ally become the
Go"ernment $-6y tradition ,the 'o"ereign in"ite the leader o# that party to #orm a
go"ernment $
-The larget minority party become the o##icial Oppoition ,%ith it
o%n leader and hado% cabinet$
-'ince B=< the traditional t%o-party ytem o# go"ernment in the UK
)arliament ha been maintained ,%ith po%er being held by either the
&oner"ati"e )arty or the 7abo!r )arty $Each ha %on 4 General
Election in thi period ,the 7abo!r party being !cce#!l in the mot
recent General Election in @@B$
B$ )arliament
- The UK parliament i one o# the oldet repreentati"e aemblie in the
%orld
- 5t3 origin in the B?thcent!ry- 9!ring the Bthcent!ry t%o ditinct (o!e o# parliament began to
emerge, %ith the 2&ommon3 itting apart #rom the 2Upper (o!e3 #rom
B?B$
- 5t %a alo accepted that there ho!ld be no taation %itho!t
parliamentary conent
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- There are three part o# parliament D the elected (o!e o# &ommon,
the appointed (o!e o# 7ord and the o"ereign
$ 1!nction
The main #!nction o# )arliament are:
- To pa la%- To pro"ide Fby "oting #or taation the mean o# carrying
on the %or o# go"ernment
- To cr!tini.e go"ernment policy and adminitration,
incl!ding propoal #or ependit!re
- To debate the ma/or i!e o# the day
?$ Meeting
- A )arliament ha a maim!m li#e o# #i"e year, b!t not all parliament
er"e their #!ll term
- The maim!m li#e ha been prolonged by legilation in rarecirc!mtance
- The 'o"ereign diol"e )arliament and call #or a General Election on
the o# the prime Miniter
- The li#e o# a etminter )arliament i di"ided into eion$ Each
!!ally lat a year D normally beginning in No"ember and ending in
October or No"ember
- The t%o (o!e do not normally it at %eeend, at &hritma, Eater
and the late 'pring 6an (oliday
- There i alo a rece in the !mmer #rom late H!ly to October, b!t ince@@? both (o!e ret!rn #or abo!t t%o %ee in 'eptember be#ore a
brea that coincide %ith the political party con#erence
- Each eion i ended by the 'o"ereign dimiing it D called
2prorogation3$ )arliament then tand prorog!ed #or a #e% day !ntil the
ne% eion begin$
- )rorogation bring to an end nearly all parliament b!ine
$ The party ytem in parliament
- 7eader o# the Go"ernment and Oppoition, %ith member o# the &abinet
and hado% &abinet repecti"ely, it oppoite one another on the #ront
benche in the debating chamber o# the (o!e o# &ommon$ Their
!pporter, the bacbencher, it behind them$
- 6enche to the right o# the peaer are !ed by the Go"ernment and it
!pporter, thoe to the le#t are occ!pied by the Oppoition and member
o# the other partie$
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- There are imilar eating arrangement #or the partie in the (o!e o#
7ord, b!t many peer do not %ih to be aociated %ith a political party,
and chooe to it on the 2crobenche3$
- The e##ecti"ene o# the party ytem in )arliament relie to a large
etent on the relationhip bet%een the go"ernment and the Oppoition
partie$
- The Go"ernment &hie# hip in the &ommon and the 7ord, incon!ltation %ith their Oppoition co!nterpart, arrange the ched!ling
o# go"ernment b!ine !nder the direction o# the )rime Miniter and the
7eader o# the t%o (o!e$
- The &hie# hip and their aitant, %ho are !!ally choen by the
party leader, manage their parliamentary partie$
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- Their d!tie incl!de eeping member in#ormed o# #orthcoming
parliamentary b!ine, maintaining the party3 "oting trength by
en!ring member attend important debate, and paing on to the party
leaderhip he opinion o# bac bench member
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hereditarypeer li#e peerFcarry o!t the /!diciald!tie
all other li#e peer
theArchbihopo#&anterb!ryand8orIthe6ihopo#7ondon,9!rhamandincheterI:Bne-tmoteniorbihopo#the&h!rch
o#EnglandThe (o!e o# 7ord
Fconit o#:
- They are elected by the (o!e a nominee o# the Go"ernment party b!t
may come #rom the Oppoition a %ell a the Go"ernment party$
- The &ler i alo acco!nting o##icer #or the (o!e$
House of Lords
The (o!e o# 7ord i the !pper ho!eo# the )arliament o# the United Kingdom$
7ie the (o!e o# &ommon, it meet in the )alace o# etminter$
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_househttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Westminsterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Westminsterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_house7/24/2019 Government Group 8
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Member o# the (o!e o# 7ord do not recei"e a alary #or their parliamentary
%or, b!t they can claim #or epene inc!rred in attending the (o!e and #or
certain tra"elling epene$
5n H!ne @@?, the Go"ernment anno!nced a n!mber o# ma/or contit!tionalchange, created the 9epartment #or &ontit!tional A##air, %hich replaced the
7ord &hancellor3 9epartment
Officers of the House of Lords
The 'peaer in the 7ord, traditionally the 7ord &hancellor, ha limited po%er
compared %ith thoe o# the 'peaer o# the (o!e o# &ommon$ The 7ord
themel"e control the proceeding %ith ad"ice #rom the 7eader o# the (o!e$
Under the Go"ernment3 propoed contit!tional change, the role o# the 'peaer
%o!ld no longer be #!l#illed by the 7ord &hancellor$ 5n No"ember @@?, the (o!e
o# 7ord recommended that the 'peaer ho!ld be no%n a 7ord 'peaer$
A the &ler o# the (o!e o# 7ord, the &ler o# the )aliament i reponible #or
the record o# procedding o# the (o!e o# 7ord and #or the tet o# Act o# the UK
)aliament$ The J6lac Rod i reponible #or ec!rity, accommodation and
e"ice in the (o!e o# 7ord3part o# )alace o# erminter$
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Paliamentary privilege: to en!re that )arliament can carry o!t it d!tie %itho!t
hindrance, certain right and imm!nitie apply collecti"ely to each (o!e and it
ta##, and to each menmber$ Thee incl!de:
1reedom o# peech 1irt call on the attendance o# Member
The right o# acce to the &ro%n
Paliamentary procedure: i largely baed on precedent and i et do%n by each
(o!e in a code o# practice no%n a iit
J'tanding Order
5n the &ommon, the 'peaer:
(a #!ll a!thority to en#orce the
r!le o# the (o!e
M!t !phold proced!re and
protect the right o# minoritie in
the (o!e
May or may not allo% a motion to
end dic!ion
(a po%er to top irrele"ant and
repetitio! contrib!tion in debate May order M)
'!per"ie "oting in the &ommon
and anno!nce the #inal re!lt
The Monarchy
The Monarchy i the oldet intit!tion o# Go"ernment$ The 0!een3 #!ll title i
JEli.abeth the 'econd, by the Grace o# God, o# the United Kingdom o# Great6ritain and Northern 5reland and o# (er other Realm and Terriorie 0!een, (ead
o# the &ommon%ealth, 9e#ender o# the 1aith$
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Succession
The #irt
e"en
member o#
the Royal
1amily in
order o#
!cceion to
the Throne are: The )rince o# ale, )rince illiam o# ale, )rince (enry o#
ale, The 9!e o# 8or, )rince 6eatrice o# 8or, )rince E!genie o# 8or and
The Earl o# ee$ 7ady 7o!ie indor,the da!ghter o# the Earl and &o!nte o#
ee, became eighth in line to the throne on her birth in No"ember @@?$
The Monarchys role in government
O"er time the Monarchy3 po%er ha been grad!ally red!ced$ The 0!een3
in#l!ence i mainly in#ormal and ha"ing epreed her "ie%, he abide by the
ad"ice o# her miniter$
The 0!een d!tie incl!de !mmoning and diol"ing )aliament and gi"ing Royal
Aent to legilation paed by the UK or 'cottih )arliament or by the Northern
5reland$ 'he #ormally appoint important o##ice holder$ 5n international a##air, a
the (ead o# the 'tate, he ha the po%er to declare %ar and mae peace, to
recognie #oreign tate and concl!de treatie$
Her Majestys Government
The Go"ernment conit o# miniter reponible #or the cond!ct o# nationala##air$ A#ter a General Election, The 0!een appoint the leader o# the party that
%on the mot eat in the (o!e o# &ommon a )rime Miniter$ Abo!t B@@
member o# the go"erning party recei"e miniterial appointment$ Ne% miniterial
o##ice may be created, other may be abolihed, and #!nction may be tran#erred
#rom one miniter another$
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)R5ME M5N5'TER
The )rime Miniter i head o# the UK Go"ernment
and i !ltimately reponible #or the policy and
deciion o# go"ernment$
A head o# the UK go"ernment the )rime Miniter
alo:
-o"eree the operation o# the &i"il 'er"ice and
go"ernment agencie-appoint member o# the go"ernment
-i the principal go"ernment #ig!re in the (o!e o#
&ommon
9a"id &ameron
- )reide o"er the &abinet
- Allocate #!nction among miniter
- (a"e reg!lar meeting the The 0!een to in#orm her o# the general
b!ine o# the Go"ernment
- Recommend a n!mber o# appointment to the 0!een
- Repreent the United Kingdom at ma/or international e"ent
T(E &A65NET
The &abinet i the !ltimate deciion-maing body o# the eec!ti"e %ithin the
etminter ytem o# go"ernment in traditional contit!tional theory$ &abinet
miniter are head o# go"ernment department, motly %ith the o##ice o#
L'ecretary o# 'tate #or *#!nction, e$g$ 9e#ence+L$ 5n 'eptember @@ there %ere &abinet miniter D @ M) and t%o peer D %hile a third peer, the Go"ernment
&hie# hip in the (o!e o# 7ord, alo !!ally attend &abinet meeting$
M!ch o# %or o# the &abinet i delegated to &abinet committee$ They pro"ide a
#rame%or #or collecti"e conideration o#, and deciion on, ma/or policy i!e
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and matter o# igni#icant p!blic interet, and en!re that the "ie% o# all rele"ant
miniter are conidered$
&A65NET AN9 OT(ER M5N5'TER'
The 9ep!ty )rime Miniter i 1irt 'ecretary o# 'tate, dep!tiing #or the )rime
Miniter in the United Kingdom and abroad and chairing a n!mber o# &abinet
committee and !bcommittee$
The O##ice o# the 9ep!ty )rime Miniter ha reponibilitie #or regional policyI
local go"ernment and planning, ho!ing and regeneration$
GOV ERNMENT 9E)ARTMENT'
B$ 9epartment #or &ontit!tional A##air
$ 9epartment #or &!lt!re Media and 'port
?$ (ome O##ice
$ 9epartment o# (ealth
$ 9epartment #or Ed!cation and 'ill4$ 9epartment #or Trade and 5nd!try
=$ 9epartment #or En"ironment, 1ood and R!ral A##air
B@$(M Trea!ry
BB$ Northern 5reland O##ice
B$)ri"y &o!ncil
B?$ale O##ice
B$'cotland O##ice
B