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TOMÁS A. SANCHOWCCE PRESIDENT
GOVERNMENTS CONTRIBUTION WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT:
WATER SCARCITY ON THE RISE
Drivers of water scarcity : • Governance deficits: lack of regulation, agreement,
enforcement, etc.• Economic development leading to excessive demands given
the resources available.• Mismatch between infrastructure development and water
requirements.• Uncontrolled effluents and excessive modifications on river
hydromorphologyTo tackle the problem we need to match supply and demand with the ammount the quality and the timing of the resources available.
What can Governments do? WATER POLICY ELEMENTS
PROBLEMS
• Deficit and shortage• Famine in the world• Poverty• Competition for water• Stressed watershed and
aquifers• Environmental degradation • Water risks (floods,
droughts)• Climate change
GOVERNMENT ACTIONS
• Institutional development• Appropriate investments• Regulatory framework• Capacity building• Cooperation and stakeholder
engagement• IWRM Integrated Water
Resources Management
Government tools and actions will contribute to cope with water scarcity as long as they are part of a IWRM and fulfill these criteria:
OCDE, 2014
Case studies : lessons learnt
• Myanmar: Capacity building and stakeholder engagement
• Spain: Technology• México: Financial sustainability• Brazil: Local empowerment and poverty
alleviation
Myanmar: a water abundant country caring for IWMR
Challenge: despite being water-rich, the country faces several water risks. Floods, high rainfall variability and growing demand
Action: Development of a National Water Resources Committee (NWRC) for coordination and cooperation among all different water institutions and relevant actors
Lesson: IWRMs is a sensitive policy option even in water is abundant. Bringing water conservation to the frontline improves development opportunities. Besides its benefits for nature IWRM might contribute to economic objectives and to the building of a fair and inclusive water governance.
Establishment on 25 July 2013 Water related Authorities and experts Coordination and management for Myanmar water
resources Expert Group to support NWRC in technical point of
views Members of water experts from various background Myanmar National Water Policy , Myanmar Water
Framework Directive and Myanmar Drinking Water
Quality Standard
National Water Resources Committee
11
Well-prepared sectorial knowledge
Importance of capacity Building
Capacity building at all levels
learning by doing.
IWRM in real world cases
Capacity building programme connected with projects
31
The Segura River Basin (Spain): Actions towards an Integrated Water Resources management
Challenge: Coming to terms with the resources available by curbing water
scarcity, reducing drought risk, enhance adaptation without compromising the options for local and regional economic development.
Action: Implementing a portfolio of actions to transfer water, enhance water efficiency, promote con-conventional water sources, manage water demand and preserve and protect degraded water sources.
Lesson: Technology solutions are not panaceas but opportunities that require proper financial means and enabling institutional frameworks.
RIVER BASIN DISTRICTS UE (215) Annual Rainfall Average
Segura River Basin
365 mm/year
WATER SCARCITY
5 MILLION TON. – 4.300 MILLION EUROS SEGURA BASIN = 30 % SPAIN
UE : 500 million hab.
FRUIT AND VEGETABLE MARKETS
Mexico: A dedicated financial framework for water management
Challenge: facing severe water scarcity in an unfavorable financial
framework; making water users responsible and willing to contribute to water provision and sustainability
Actions: In the context of an IWRM framework strengthening the Financial Framework for Water (SFA) through coordinated public action and public private partnerships.
Lesson: Effective financing is more than funding and is actually a social and institutional endeavor requiring social commitment and cooperation. Financial frameworks can contribute to water governance makin water access sustainable and enhancing transparency and accountability
Brazil: “Cultivando Agua Boa” enabling institutions to preserve water resources
Challenge: putting water resources into value for poverty alleviation and to the creation of opportunities for local development.
Actions: empowering people through an effective policy mix of more than 60 actions decided and implemented with the active participation of local stakeholders.
Lesson: IWRM may be a powerful mean to reduce poverty trigger development and built up inclusive and enabling institutions to manage water sustainably.
Panelists
Htun Lwin Oo, Ministry of Transport, Myanmar
Miguel Ángel Ródenas, Segura Water Authority, Spain
Nelton Friedrich, Itaipu Binacional, Brazil
José Elías Chedid Abraham, Lerma Santiago Pacifico Water Authority–CONAGUA,Mexico
Establishment on 25 July 2013 Water related Authorities and experts Coordination and management for Myanmar water
resources Expert Group to support NWRC in technical point of
views Members of water experts from various background Myanmar National Water Policy , Myanmar Water
Framework Directive and Myanmar Drinking Water
Quality Standard
National Water Resources Committee
11
MYANMAR CASE STUDYMr. H. Lwin OO
• How do stakeholders and policymakers reach to the conclusion that nature needs to be preserved even if water seems to be an abundant resource?
• Has that consensus remained stable?• Capacity building: What are the main activity
lines in this field?
Well-prepared sectorial knowledge
Importance of capacity Building
Capacity building at all levels
learning by doing.
IWRM in real world cases
Capacity building programme connected with projects
MYANMAR CASE STUDYMr. H. Lwin OO
• What are the main social conflicts related to water and what role the government is expected to play to sort them out?
• How can finance be used as a mechanism for sustainability?
SPAIN CASE STUDYMr. Miguel A. RÓDENAS
• What contributions, specially technological ones, have been implemented in Segura river basin?
MAIN WATER MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES
1. GOVERNANCE
2. LONG TERM WATER PLANNING
3. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
SEGURA RIVER BASIN. TECHNOLOGY
MAIN PLANS & PROJECTS
GOVERNMENT
PRESIDENT
MANAGEMENT
BOARD
PLANNING
WATER COUNCIL
MANAGEMENT
USERS BOARD
EXPLOITATION
WORKS BOARD
RESERVOIR
RELEASE BOARD
COOPERATION
COMPETENT
AUTHORITIES
COMMITTEE
RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY. COLLEGIATE BODIES
SEGURA BASIN: NATURAL FLOW
400 m3/hab/year
WATER PLAN (2015)
TARGET: 940 m3/hab/year
WATER RESOURCES IN THE SEGURA RBD
SEGURA BASIN: OWN NATURAL RESOURCES
400 m3/hab/year
WATER PLAN (2015)
TARGET: 940 m3/hab/year
WATER RESOURCES IN THE SEGURA RBD
SUPERFICIAL 23 %
SEGURA RIVER BASIN RESOURCES
REUSE 14 %
GROUNDWATER 12 %
DESALINATION 8 %
TRANSFERS 18 %
DEFICIT 25 %
SUPERFICIAL 23 %
SEGURA RIVER BASIN RESOURCES
REUSE 14 %
GROUNDWATER 12 %
DESALINATION 8 %
TRANSFERS 18 %
DEFICIT 25 %
3. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
MAIN WATER MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES
1. GOVERNANCE
2. LONG TERM WATER PLANNING
3. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
SEGURA RIVER BASIN. TECHNOLOGY
MAIN PLANS & PROJECTS
SPAIN CASE STUDYMr. Miguel A. RÓDENAS
• What are the main developed actions and projects which bring more resources introducing technology?
SEGURA RIVER BASIN. TECHNOLOGY
1. TAJO-SEGURA TRANSFER
2. URBAN SUPPLY SYSTEM
3. WASTEWATER RECLAMATION & REUSE SYSTEM
4. IRRIGATION WATER SAVING PLAN
5. SEAWATER DESALINATION SYSTEM
6. DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN
7. FLOOD PROTECTION PLAN
8. AUTHOMATIC HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION
SYSTEM
MAIN PLANS & PROJECTS
Fluvial networkUrban supply networkTransferTajo-SeguraDesalination plants
2. URBAN SUPPLY SYSTEM - MCT
2,5 Million people
SPAIN CASE STUDYMr. Miguel A. RÓDENAS
• What are the another actions which has integrated technology?
6. DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Evolución del Índice de Estado global
Límite normalidad - prealerta Límite prealerta - alerta
Límite alerta - emergencia Indicador global
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VOICE VHF
BRAZIL CASE STUDYMr. Nelton FRIEDRICH
• What are the main results you have reached in AGUA BOA?
• What were the main barriers in building the cooperation agreement that is required for the Cultivando Agua program to be agreed and implemented?
BRAZIL CASE STUDYMr. Nelton FRIEDRICH
• Do stakeholders really perceive the benefits of better water quality and lower erosion levels? Are they able to convert that into new income raising opportunities?
• Are there some winners and losers from this program?
BRAZIL CASE STUDYMr. Nelton FRIEDRICH
• In case the answer is yes: how do the less favored ones reacted to the program? What has been done to guarantee a durable consensus?
• What do you think can be replicable in another cases?
MEXICO CASE STUDYMr. Jorge A. HIDALGO
• What is the real start situation existing in Mexico in SFA (water finance system)?
• Which steps have been done for Users assume the O&M -operation and maintenance costs?
MEXICO CASE STUDYMr. Jorge A. HIDALGO
• And how you are recovering the costs of Government actions?
• And for hidraulic works, what are you doing for their cost recovery?
• Which other actions are you doing for improve governnce and IWRM in Mexico?