GP030203_fire Water Systems

GP 03-02-03 Fire Water Systems December 2004

Refining/Chemicals, Downstream Imperial Oil

For ExxonMobil Use Only Version 2.0.0

Page 1 of 27 ExxonMobil Development Company

Fire Water Systems

GP 03-02-03

Scope

[I] This Global Practice (GP) covers the design and installation of fire water systems.

[I] An asterisk (*) indicates that additional information is required. If a job is contracted, this additional

information is furnished in the Job Specification.


RFCH, DIOL For ExxonMobil Use Only Version 2.0.0


Table of Contents

Table of Figures............................................................................................................. 4

1. Required References ............................................................................................ 5

1.1. Global Practices–ExxonMobil Engineering Practices ................................... 5

1.2. AWWA–American Water Works Association ................................................ 5

1.3. NFPA–National Fire Protection Association ................................................. 5

1.4. NSF International (National Sanitation Foundation) ..................................... 5

2. Additional Requirements ...................................................................................... 5

3. System Design ...................................................................................................... 6

3.1. Design Basis ................................................................................................ 6

3.2. Water Supply ................................................................................................ 7

3.3. Pumps and Drivers ....................................................................................... 7

3.4. Booster Pumps ............................................................................................. 8

3.5. Piping Layout ................................................................................................ 9

3.6. Hydrants Location and Spacing .................................................................. 10

3.7. Monitor Location ......................................................................................... 11

3.8. Hose Reel Location .................................................................................... 12

4. Hydrant Selection and Installation .................................................................... 12

5. Monitor Selection and Installation ..................................................................... 13

6. Hose Reel Selection and Installation ................................................................. 15

7. Valve Selection .................................................................................................... 16

8. Spray System Design and Installation .............................................................. 16

9. Deluge and Spray System Installation for Pressurized and Refrigerated Storage ................................................................................................................. 19

9.1. Common Requirements .............................................................................. 19

9.2. Pressurized Storage ................................................................................... 22

9.3. Refrigerated Storage .................................................................................. 22

10. Spray Systems for Air Preheaters ..................................................................... 23

10.1. Regenerative (Rotary) Air Preheaters ........................................................ 23




10.2. Recuperative (Static) Air Preheaters that Receive Flue Gas from More than One Fired Heater/Boiler.............................................................................. 23

11. Inspection and Testing ....................................................................................... 24

Record of Change ....................................................................................................... 25

Attachment: Purpose Codes Definitions .................................................................. 27




Table of Figures

Figure 1: Monitor Installations .................................................................................. 14

Figure 2: Monitor Feeder Line ................................................................................... 15

Figure 3: General Spray System Layout .................................................................. 17

Figure 4: Sample Spray Head .................................................................................... 18

Figure 5: Typical Piping Requirements for Top Mounted Cooling Water Deluge Systems (1)(2) ............................................................................................... 21




1. Required References

[I] This Section lists Practices and Standards that are generically referenced and assumed to be a part of

this document. Unless otherwise specified herein, use the latest edition.

1.1. Global Practices–ExxonMobil Engineering Practices

GP 03-09-01 Winterizing and Protection Against Ambient Temperatures

GP 03-10-01 Piping Selection and Design Criteria

GP 03-10-03 Cement Lined Pipe and Fittings

1.2. AWWA–American Water Works Association

AWWA C502 Dry-Barrel Fire Hydrants

1.3. NFPA–National Fire Protection Association

NFPA 12 Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems (National Fire

Codes, vol. 1)

NFPA 15 Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection

NFPA 22 Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection (National Fire

Codes, vol. 1)

1.4. NSF International (National Sanitation Foundation)

NSF 61E Drinking Water System Components - Health Effects

2. Additional Requirements

1) [I] The standards specified for use with this GP, as well as equipment descriptions given herein, apply

to equipment and installation in the U.S. and in countries with no comparable standards. Where

compliance with any code or standard by a local jurisdiction is mandatory, the requirements

prescribed therein shall also be met.

2) * [S] Fire hose couplings selected for a particular plant location shall be compatible with mutual aid

and local fire protection facilities. All fire protection equipment hydrants, monitors, hose reels, fire

main block valves, etc., shall be consistent with other plant fire protection facilities and shall be

approved by the plant Fire Chief.




3. System Design

3.1. Design Basis

1) * [S] Design conditions, water supply and rates, piping sizes, materials of construction, and type of

hydrant couplings shall be specified. The fire water system design pressure and design temperature

shall comply with the requirements in GP 03-10-01.

2) * [S] The system layout shall be specified, including the general location and number of pumps,

hydrants, monitors, hose reels, deluge sprays, block and flushing valves. The final layout and

location of equipment and facilities shall be approved by the Owner's Engineer.

3) [S] Connections for permanent use of fire water other than for fire protection are not permitted,

except for supply of water to flare seal drums.

4) *[S] Underground carbon steel piping and above ground portions of carbon steel piping that pass

through a dike or dike sleeve shall be protected against external corrosion using a Single Coat Single

Wrap or Double Coat Double Wrap protective coating system as specified.

5) * [S] Fire main materials shall be suitable for plant fire water, and shall be designed to reduce

sediment buildup. Piping approved for underground fire water piping systems identified in the

General ExxonMobil Materials Specification (GEMS) Class Index are listed in Table 1. The

selection and use of underground fire water piping materials in this table, or the use of reinforced

plastic pipe (RTRP Grades) or Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) for underground fire water systems,

shall require the approval of the Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief.

Table 1: Underground Fire Water Piping Materials

NPS SCH/RTG Description Notes

4–24 350 Ductile Iron, Cement

Lined, Restrained Joint,

CL-350

Pipe is supplied externally coated. In addition, pipe is

placed in loose polyethylene sleeve at installation to

retard graphitic corrosion.

1/2–2 80 Carbon Steel,

Galvanized, Seamless

All underground steel components shall be coated.

Coating requirements shall be specified on design

drawings.

Corrosion allowance for carbon steel pipe is 0.063 in.

(1.6 mm)

1/2–2 80 Carbon Steel,

Galvanized, Welded

2–24 CL 200 High Density

Polyethylene, FM

Approved, Seamless,

Extruded

With approval of the Owner's Engineer, class (or SDR)

requirements may be modified for specific applications.

3–24 Std Carbon Steel, Welded,

ERW, Cement Lined

Cement lining shall be per GP 03-10-03 for

underground pipe and components, excluding valves.




3–24 Std Carbon Steel,

Seamless, Cement

Lined

6) [S] For pipe, tube, or fittings in fire water spray systems, use materials consistent with GP 03-10-01

and NFPA 15. Deviations shall require approval by the Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief.

3.2. Water Supply

1) [S] When the fire water source can provide an unlimited supply of water (i.e., seawater, lake water, or

river water) and the system is designed to directly provide fire water to the grid, there are no

requirements for fire water storage.

Where the fire water supply from a given source is limited:

a) Fire water storage shall be furnished, with a capacity equal to 6 hrs supply at specified design

flow rates, independent of other plant process water usage; and

b) The fire water source shall be sufficient to supply water at half the specified maximum demand

on a continuous basis.

c) For lube plants, terminals, and warehouses, the fire water system supply and design shall conform

to the requirements of NFPA 22.

2) [S] A backflow preventer is required where fire water is supplied from a potable water source or any

municipal source. A break tank shall be used when required by local regulation as the means of

positively preventing contamination. This tank will be provided with an internal coating in

accordance with NSF 61E.

3) *[S] Provision shall be made for the addition of approved biological additives to the fire water system

where biological fouling may occur.

4) [S] Multiple fire water sources shall be provided to the fire water system for:

a) Onshore process facilities with a maximum flow demand greater than 6000 U.S. gpm (22.7

m3/min). In this situation, the different fire water sources shall be located to minimize the

potential that more than one fire water source can be affected by a single fire or explosion event.

b) Onshore facilities where environmental conditions (tides, seasonal water level fluctuations, etc.)

affect the availability or quality of the primary natural water source (e.g., loss of water to a pump

suction, fouling from water in the fire water source piping)

3.3. Pumps and Drivers

1) [S] A minimum of two fire water pumps, each sized for at least 50 percent of the system design

capacity, shall be required for all installations except those with a maximum flow demand of 1500

U.S. gpm (5.68 m3/min) or less. Design shall include the following:

a) Each pump shall be designed for at least 125 psig (860 kPag) discharge pressure at rated capacity

and good for continuous service. The pressure rise at shutoff shall not exceed 20 percent, and at

150 percent of rated capacity the head shall not be less than 65 percent of rated head.

b) System pressure shall be controlled at the pump discharge by a pressure controller, bypassing

excess flow back to the source of supply.




c) * An averaging-type Pitot tube installation shall be provided to permit testing of each fire water

pump's capacity. The instrument shall be located in the bypass piping (pump discharge to source

of supply), or, if specified, in the main fire water grid piping. Alternative arrangements are

acceptable subject to approval by the Owner's Engineer.

d) If the fire water pump shutoff pressure exceeds the fire water system design pressure, a pressure

relief valve discharging to the fire water source shall be provided.

e) For installations having three or more fire water pumps, each pump shall be sized for not less than

the system design capacity divided by the number of pumps, unless the Owner's Engineer

otherwise specifies or approves.

2) * [S] Drivers—where only one pump is installed as permitted by Section 3.3, Item (1), it shall be

electric motor driven unless otherwise specified, or the Owner's Engineer otherwise approves. When

two or more pumps are installed:

a) At least one fire water pump shall be electric motor driven.

b) At least one fire water pump shall be diesel engine driven. A fuel tank with capacity for 6 hrs of

continuous operation at full load shall be provided for the diesel engine driven pump. A steam

turbine driven pump may be used in lieu of a diesel engine driven pump with the approval of the

Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief.

c) Additional pumps, if any, may be electric motor diesel engine or steam turbine driven. Choice of

driver for additional pumps shall be based on overall reliability considerations.

d) A remote start button for at least one main fire water pump shall be located in the main control

house.

3) [S] Continuous positive pump suction shall be provided. Priming devices are not acceptable. Deep

well pumps shall be used where positive pump suction is not available.

4) [S] Suction screens shall be provided where foreign material may be present that could plug the

suction line or pumps. Either traveling or double removable screens, cleanable with the pump in

service, shall be used.

5) * [S] The fire water system shall be continuously pressurized from a supply source having a

minimum capacity of 300 U.S. gpm (1.13 m3/min) at 100 psig (690 kPag) pressure (when the main

fire water pumps are not in use) by one of the following means, as specified:

a) A separate electric motor driven pressurizing pump, manifolded in parallel with the main fire

water pumps.

b) A jumpover connection from the plant cooling water or process water systems, provided that the

water is free of oil and emulsion breaking/anti-foaming compounds.

A low pressure cut-in with alarm shall be provided to start one of the main fire water pumps at a

specified pressure. Such alarm shall be located in the main control house.

3.4. Booster Pumps

1) [S] Booster pumps (used to augment fire water system pressure for special fire protection systems

such as spray systems, as required) shall take suction from the fire water system. Where the

downstream pressure buildup may exceed the system design rating, a pressure relief valve that

discharges to a safe location shall be provided.

Conditions requiring booster pumps are:




a) Extended fire water systems, where hydrant pressure may be insufficient to provide required

flow.

b) Elevated structures within process unit areas where fire water system pressure may be insufficient

to provide required flow.

2) * [S] Drivers for booster pumps shall be either electric motors or diesel engines. Use of steam

turbines shall be with approval of the Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief.

3.5. Piping Layout

1) [S]The fire water system shall be looped around process units and other areas to be protected, except

for installations with a maximum flow demand of 1500 U.S. gpm (5.68 m3/min) or less, for which a

single feed distribution system is acceptable. The Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief shall

approve the layout of the fire water system. Block valves shall be provided so that in the event of any

piping failure:

a) No more than 1000 ft (300 m) of pipe containing hydrants, hose reels, monitors or sprays can be

lost.

b) The piping to not more than two adjacent sides of any process block can be lost.

2) * [S] Fire water mains in freezing climates (Climatic Zones B, C, and D, as defined per GP 03-09-01)

shall be installed a minimum of 1 ft (300 mm) below the frost line. Fire water connections to

monitors, hose reels, sprays, etc., in freezing climates shall be designed to eliminate water from

freezing in the connections and incorporate winterization features by design.

3) [S] Fire water piping within process unit areas, except for branches to hose reels and to elevated

monitors, shall be underground and buried sufficiently deep to protect against mechanical damage.

Any aboveground section within process units shall be minimized in length.

4) [S] Fire water piping within process unit areas that feed any combination of more than two monitors,

hose reels, hydrants, or sprays, shall be connected to two separate sections of the fire main, and shall

be separated by a valve in the main. Lines to hose reels and monitors shall be valved at each end

where they connect to the main.

Branches to aboveground systems (elevated monitors, spray systems, etc.) located in exposed areas

(such as within a process block) shall be valved at the fire main. Such branches shall be capable of

being opened and isolated from a safe location.

However, short sections of aboveground pipe [less than 50 ft (15 m) long and not more than 4 in. (100

mm) size] that feed a single hose reel or monitor need not be valved at the fire water main takeoff.

5) * [S] Fire water piping to marine terminals shall be protected from direct exposure to a fire on the

water by installing the lines above the pier deck. Where it is necessary to locate the lines below deck,

they shall be fireproofed.

In freezing climates (Climatic Zones B, C, and D, as defined per GP 03-09-01) marine terminal fire

water lines shall be heat traced and insulated. A minimum of four valved hose connections

(international hose connections) shall be provided to permit fireboats to pump into the main fire water

system, at an Owner specified location.




6) * [S] As specified, the fire water system shall extend to plant buildings used for operations and

storage.

3.6. Hydrants Location and Spacing

1) * [S] Maximum hydrant spacing shall be 300 ft (90 m) as measured along roadways or accessways

between the hydrants in offsite areas and 150 ft (45 m) between hydrants in onsite areas. The

Owner's Engineer may specify other spacing.

2) * [S] Hydrants shall be located on the street or roadside of all pipelines or drainage ditches. Hydrants

shall not be located within diked areas for tanks. The length of large diameter suction hose (4 in. [100

mm] size or larger as defined by the plant Fire Chief) required between the hydrants and fire truck

shall not exceed 25 ft (7.5 m). Where large pipe bands or drainage ditches may hinder access from

hydrants to process areas or tank fields, hydrants shall be located near accessways or walkways across

such obstructions.

3) * [S] Additional area requirements governing the spacing and location of hydrants are given in Table

2.




Table 2: Hydrant Location Requirements

Area Specific Requirements

Process Unit Sufficient number of hydrants shall be provided around the

periphery of the process unit to supply the design fire water

capacity for the process unit through hose runs of not more than

100 ft (30 m). Hydrants shall be arranged such that only about

one-half will be lost in case two sides of the loop around the

process unit is damaged (and needs to be isolated). Valves and

hydrants shall be so spaced that in the event of any line failure,

flow shall be provided to two adjacent sides of a process unit at

half the design capacity through hose runs not to exceed 400 ft

(120 m) to reach all the equipment. Other spacing may be

specified by the Owner's Engineer.

Atmospheric Tank Storage:

All tanks Sufficient number of hydrants shall be provided around the

storage tanks to supply the design fire water capacity for the

tank in question. Valves and hydrants shall be located so that

at least one hydrant is within 400 ft (120 m) of any tank in the

event of a line failure. Other spacing may be specified by the

Owner's Engineer.

Where fixed foam

connections are installed in

any tank: fixed roof, floating

roof, and fixed roof with

internal floating cover.

Hydrants shall be located in relation to foam connections so

that the total length of hose from hydrant to fire truck does not

exceed 25 ft (7.5 m) and from fire truck to foam connection

does not exceed 50 ft (15 m). Connections should be located at

least a distance of one tank diameter from the tank but in no

case less than 50 ft (15 m) from the tank.

Floating roof tank Hydrants shall be located such that the tank stairway is facing a

hydrant.

Pressurized and refrigerated storage:

All vessels Hydrants shall be located on at least two sides of each vessel,

so that the vessel can be reached by not less than 3 streams of

water from hoses, each hose length not to exceed 300 ft (90 m).

Vessels arranged two rows deep Hydrants shall be located along roads or accessways around the

vessels.

Cooling Tower At least two hydrants shall be located between 100 to 200 ft (30

to 60 m) of the cooling tower.

3.7. Monitor Location

1) * [S] Monitors shall be provided for fire protection of process units. These shall be located as

follows:

a) Monitor coverage shall extend to the complete process unit area and any other major hydrocarbon

containing equipment. The Plant Fire Chief shall approve the monitor coverage.




b) Monitors shall be located such that pipebands and other equipment shall not obstruct the fire

water trajectory to the protected equipment.

c) Monitors may be elevated, as necessary, to achieve the required level of protection.

d) Where the monitor is at a fixed location, at grade—locate approximately 50 ft (15 m) from the

equipment being protected. Where closer spacing is specified, the actuating valve shall be

located at least 50 ft (15 m) from the protected equipment.

e) Where the monitor is at a fixed location, elevated—locate approximately 50 ft (15 m)

horizontally from equipment being protected, and at an elevation to cover the equipment. The

actuating valve shall be located at grade below the monitor.

f) Where closer monitor spacing is specified, the actuating valve shall be located at least 50 ft (15

m) horizontally, from the protected equipment.

g) Where remote control of elevated monitors is specified, final designs shall be approved by the

Owner's Engineer.

h) Location of trailer mounted monitors shall be specified.

2) [S] Cooling towers constructed of combustible materials shall be protected by fixed location

monitors, at-grade. The number of monitors shall be sufficient to provide fire water coverage to all

sides.

3) [S] Pressurized (horizontal) storage vessels handling flammable materials shall be protected by

providing fixed fire water monitors. These monitors shall cover and protect the areas of the vessels

containing nozzles or valves, and those areas of the vessel within 10 ft (3 m) of any valve in the

piping.

4) [S] Fixed fire water monitors shall be provided on at least two sides of each sphere or spheroid, so

that the entire underside of the vessel may be reached by these monitors.

3.8. Hose Reel Location

* [S] Hose reels shall be located per the following:

1) Within process unit areas—hose reels shall not be the primary means of fire protection in process

units. The minimum number of hose reels in a process unit shall be two, located in opposite sides of

the unit. Additional hose reels shall provide coverage to the entire plot area with spacing at

approximately 200-ft (60 m) centers.

2) Outside process unit areas—hose reels as required to protect equipment and facilities that are likely to

be a source of hydrocarbon release. These may include pump areas, tank car or tank truck loading

stations, and other areas with similar fire risk.

3) On cooling towers constructed of combustible materials, hose reels on the fan deck shall be sufficient

to provide total deck area coverage, unless the Owner's Engineer otherwise specifies.

4. Hydrant Selection and Installation

1) [S] Hydrant connections should be compatible with local community and mutual aid mobile

firefighting equipment that may be used in an incident.




2) * [S] Self-draining hydrants shall be used in freezing climates (Climatic Zones B, C, and D, as

defined in GP 03-09-01). Hydrants with self-draining feature shall not be used on aboveground fire

line installations.

3) * [S] Hydrant connections. Hydrants shall be able to deliver a nominal 1000 gpm (3.78 m3/min) at 80

psig (550 kPag) grid pressure. Each hydrant shall be provided with three valved and capped

connections for 21/2 in. (65 mm) size hose. Unless otherwise specified, one pumper connection for 4

in. (100 mm) minimum size hose shall be provided as defined by the plant Fire Chief.

Threaded pumper connections shall be fitted with a pressure-tight cap suitable for the system design

pressure. Quick coupling pumper connections shall be valved. All caps shall be secured to the

hydrant with chains.

4) [S] Where commercial hydrants are furnished, they shall be per AWWA C502 or equivalent for

hydrants with 5 in. (125 mm) hydrant valve openings. A minimum 5 in. (125 mm) valve is required.

The branch feeding the hydrant from the fire main shall be a minimum of 6 in. (150 mm). Each

hydrant shall be provided with a hydrant wrench.

5) [S] Hydrant installation and orientation of connections:

a) The minimum vertical clearance between finished grade and the bottom of the hose connection

caps shall be as follows:

Connection Size Clearance

21/2 in. (65 mm) 20 in. (500 mm)

4 in. (100 mm) 10 in. (250 mm)

The maximum vertical clearance between finished grade and the bottom of the hose connection

caps shall be 36 in. (1000 mm).

b) The NPS 4 (100 mm) pumper connection shall be oriented to face the street or roadway.

c) There shall be no obstructions in front of these connections to hinder hose handling.

d) Hydrant guards are required to protect hydrants located within 3 ft (1 m) of roadways or

accessways in areas of high vehicular traffic, to avoid mechanical damage to hydrants. Guards

shall be NPS 4 (100 mm) Sch. 40 pipe, filled with concrete and set in a concrete foundation.

5. Monitor Selection and Installation

1) * [S] All monitors shall be capable of delivering not less than 500 gpm (1.89 m3/min) and shall have

an effective nozzle range of at least 150 ft (45 m) at 75 psig (515 kPag) discharge pressure. Monitors

shall be brass or bronze construction, double swivel, ball bearing, universal motion. The monitor

shall have a locking device suitable for unattended operation. The monitor shall be the deck pipe

type, lever operated, such as Akron Brass Style 3426, Stang Monitor BB0309-21 or equivalent, and

shall be approved by the plant Fire Chief.

A constant flow, combination straight stream fog nozzle, similar to the 21/2 in. (65 mm) size Akron

Brass Style 4450, shall be furnished instead of the normal tip and tube. The nozzle shall be consistent

with other fire protection equipment at the site and shall be approved by the plant Fire Chief. Note:

Akron Brass Company, 1450 Spruce Street, Wooster, Ohio, U.S.A.




Construction features for elevated monitors shall be approved by the Owner's Engineer and the plant

Fire Chief. The elevated monitor shall include a feature to adjust the water spray pattern if the

movement of the monitor is controlled from grade, unless straight tips are specified by the Owner's

Engineer and the plant Fire Chief.

2) [S] Fixed location monitor installations shall be as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Monitor Installations

Firewater

GearOperatedBall Valve

Grade

FrostLine

Min.

4 in. NPS (100 mm)

B

4 in. NPS (100 mm)

MONITOR ELEVATED

Min.

4 in. NPS (100 mm)

B

4 in. NPS (100 mm)

MONITOR AT GRADE

HC 2-1/2 in.(2)

Note (2)

Note (1)

Notes:(1) Caution Sign:

(2) In freezing climates (Climatic Zones B, C, and D per GP 03-09-01), self-draining or manually operated valvesare required for aboveground piping, and for underground piping above the frost line.

THIS VALVE SHALL BENORMALLY KEPT OPEN

HC

3) * [S] Trailer mounted type monitors shall have the nozzle assemblies mounted on a light weight two-

wheeled inflated tire trailer, suitable for handling by one person. The monitor-trailer assembly shall

be designed to resist the nozzle reaction forces and shall be stable during operation.

The monitor shall be furnished with two hose connections and two 50 ft (15 m) lengths of 21/2 in. (65

mm) size hose. Each inlet requires a check valve to protect against a hose burst. The hose shall be

stored on the trailer, and arranged to play out readily when the trailer is put into service. Hoses to the

monitor shall be permanently connected to valved outlets from the fire water system, unless the

Owner's Engineer otherwise specifies. This feeder line shall be as shown in Figure 2.




Figure 2: Monitor Feeder Line

Firewater

Gear OperatedBall Valve

Grade

FrostLine

Min.

4 in. NPS (100 mm)

B

4 in. NPS (100 mm)

Min. 20 in. (500 mm)

HC

HOSE FEED LINE FOR TRAILER MOUNTED MONITOR

Note (1)

Note:

(1) In freezing climates (Climatic Zones B, C, and D per GP 03-09-01), self-draining or manually operated valves are required for above-ground piping, and for underground piping above the frost line.

4) [S] Hoses for trailer-mounted monitors shall be trade size 21/2 in. (65 mm) supplied in 50 ft (15 m)

lengths, with expansion ring type couplings. Hose shall be neoprene lined, and covered with an oil

and abrasive resistant neoprene or plastic coating which shall also protect the body of the hose against

deterioration from solar radiation and mildew attack. The hose shall be rated for 400 psig (2800

kPag) test pressure.

6. Hose Reel Selection and Installation

1) * [S] Fixed hose reels connected to the fire water system shall be sized to hold and handle 100 ft (30

m) of 11/4 in. (32 mm) or 1

1/2 in. (40 mm) size firm type hose, as specified by the plant Fire Chief,

without kinking or collapsing. The arrangement shall permit the hose to be placed in service without

completely unwinding the hose from the reel.

2) * [S] Hose, hose reel, and nozzles shall be in accordance with the following:

a) Hose: Trade size 11/4 in. (32 mm) or 1

1/2 in. (40 mm), as specified by the plant Fire Chief, 100 ft

(30 m) length, firm type, covered and lined with natural or synthetic rubber, and rated for 400

psig (2800 kPag) test pressure. Hose shall be furnished with 11/2 in. (40 mm) size hose couplings.

b) Hose reels shall be Wirt and Knox Model FD-47-11/2 -100, or equivalent:

Note: Wirt and Knox reels available from: National Foam System Inc., 150 Gordon Drive,

Lionsville, PA 19353

c) Fog nozzles provided for these hose reels shall be similar to Akron Brass Style 1717. The

nozzles shall be consistent with other fire protection equipment at the site and shall be approved

by the plant Fire Chief.

3) [S] Hose reels shall be installed so that the hose can be pulled off in a clear accessway, parallel to the

equipment being protected (i.e., along a pump row). In freezing climates (Climatic Zones B, C, and

D, as defined in GP 03-09-01) self-draining or manually operated valves are required for

aboveground piping and underground piping above the frost line.




7. Valve Selection

1) [S] Block valves in underground fire water piping shall be as follows:

a) Installed such that they are accessible for maintenance (for example, in masonry or reinforced

concrete boxes). When installed in valve boxes, the boxes shall have a suitable lockable cover.

b) Operable from grade with the valve stem and packing permanently protected from contact with

earth, rocks, etc. Valve handwheel extensions are permitted.

c) Provided with a valve position indicator at grade to indicate full open and closed positions.

d) Aboveground portions of the box, valve handwheel, and handwheel extension shall be painted a

distinctive color, consistent with other fire water piping, and shall be identified with a sign

indicating the area served.

e) Valve guards are required to protect valves located within 3 ft (1 m) of roadways or accessways

in areas of high vehicular traffic to avoid mechanical damage to valves. Guards shall be NPS 4

(100 mm) Sch. 40 pipe filled with concrete and set in a concrete foundation.

2) [S] Butterfly valves are not permitted in fire water service where such service normally requires the

valves to be in the open position. Butterfly valves, in the fire water piping to monitors, shall be

provided with manual gear operators to restrict closure time to not less than 10 to 15 seconds.

3) [S] Gate valves installed in aboveground fire water mains shall be OS&Y.

4) [S] Except for manual ball valves NPS 21/2 (65 mm) and smaller, all ball valves in the fire water

piping to monitors shall be provided with manual gear operators to restrict closure time to not less

than 10 to 15 seconds.

5) [S] Post indicator valves should be set so that the top of the post is 36 in. (914 mm) above the final

grade.

8. Spray System Design and Installation

1) * [S] Spray systems: Use of spray systems shall be approved by the plant Fire Chief. When a spray

system is specified for high-risk fire areas, it shall be designed in conformance with NFPA 15 and the

following paragraphs.

a) The spray system shall be a self-draining, normally dry, open head type system, with either a

remotely or a manually operated main actuating valve. See Figure 3.




Figure 3: General Spray System Layout

Water

Supply

Strainer

Spray Heads

Slope to Drain

Flushout Connections

Flushout Connection

Drain

b) The location of the manual main actuating valve shall be at least 50 ft (15 m) horizontally from

the area under protection. A sign shall identify the valve.

c) Remotely operated main actuating valves, if specified, shall be fail-open pneumatic type. They

shall be operable from a safe location at least 50 ft (15 m) horizontally from the area under

protection. In addition, the actuator shall incorporate a manual release mechanism, or another

means of actuation shall be provided adjacent to the valve. All valves shall be identified by signs

indicating the location of the system served.

2) * [S] Spray heads shall have a minimum orifice opening of 3/8 in. (10 mm) and shall be either upright-

type (spray head designed in such a way that the water spray is directed upwards against a deflector)

or pendant-type (designed to be installed in such a way that the water spray is directed downwards

against a deflector). The plant Fire Chief shall approve spray head type. Piping to individual spray

heads shall be connected to the top half of the distribution piping. See Figure 4.




Figure 4: Sample Spray Head

UPRIGHT TYPE

DELUGE HEAD

3) [S] Flushout connections shall be installed to permit flushing all sections of the system with fresh

water. They shall be capped or flanged. A valve shall be installed upstream of the actuating valve to

permit periodic flushing of the fire main connection.

4) [S] A strainer with a valved blowoff connection shall be installed in the main feeder pipe to the

sprays. The maximum size openings of the strainer shall be 1/4 in. (6 mm) and the ratio of free screen

area to pipe cross-sectional area shall be 3 to 1. Blowoff valve size and connection shall be NPS 2

(50 mm).

5) [S] Spray system piping shall comply with the following:

a) Piping materials downstream of the strainer shall minimize scale build-up and corrosion.

b) The main spray header shall be designed to minimize fire/explosion damage.

c) Piping for branch lines to individual spray heads shall not be less than 1 in. (25 mm) diameter.

d) Take-off to all distribution piping shall be from the top of the headers.

e) All low points in the system shall have a drain valve and all system piping shall be self-draining

to the drain valves.

6) * [S] Fire water application rate shall not be less than 0.2 gpm per ft2 (0.0080 m

3/min per m

2) of area

to be sprayed, unless otherwise specified.

7) * [S] The spray system design shall be approved by the Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief.

8) [S] All automatic water spray systems shall be provided with a local alarm.




9. Deluge and Spray System Installation for Pressurized and Refrigerated Storage

9.1. Common Requirements

1) [S] Deluge systems shall be as follows:

a) Deluge heads for the top system shall be as indicated in Figure 5, Detail A.

b) Spray nozzles for tank shells, horizontal drums, and the bottom half of spheres shall be the non-

clogging type, and shall have a minimum orifice opening of 3/8 in. (10 mm).

c) Baffles, diverters, notched weirs or auxiliary deluge heads shall be used if needed, to distribute an

even water film over the entire surface of the vessel and to ensure coverage in areas shielded from

direct water flow by appurtenances, platforms and toe plates.

d) * The Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief shall approve the detailed design of all spray

systems.

e) The capacity of the fire water systems in these areas shall be capable of supplying the sum of the

fire water to the deluge system of the vessel involved in an emergency, plus the deluge system of

adjacent exposed vessels, and an additional 1000 gpm (3.78 m3/min) of fire water for monitors

and hose streams. Where these requirements exceed the specified fire water system capacity,

piping may be arranged to sectionalize the control of individual deluge systems or groups of

systems. For example, if more than one deluge head is required on a vessel, the system may be

segmented to cover only that half of the vessel exposed to an adjacent fire.

2) [S] Operating and drain valves shall be provided for the fire water deluge system of each vessel, as

indicated in Figure 5. The following requirements shall govern the installation:

a) Valves shall be installed in a valve box located outside the dike and shall be accessible in case of

fire.

b) * In freezing climates (Climatic Zones B, C, and D, as defined per GP 03-09-01), the valve box

shall be winterized.

c) Minimum spacing between the vessel and the valve box shall be one vessel diameter or 100 ft (30

m), whichever is greater.

d) The operating valve shall be identified by a sign, located at the valve.

e) Piping layout to the deluge system shall permit complete draining at the single drain valve.

f) A valve shall be installed upstream of the actuating valve to permit periodic flushing of the fire

main connection.

g) Where a remotely operated actuating valve is provided, it shall be fail-open pneumatic type and

shall be provided with a full size bypass operable from a safe location at least one vessel diameter

or 100 ft (30 m), whichever is greater, horizontally from the vessel being protected.

3) [S] Spheres and spheroids shall be provided with a top mounted fire water deluge system as shown in

Figure 5. The water deluge shall cover the upper hemisphere and shall be sized to deliver 0.15 gpm

per ft2 (0.0062m

3/min per m

2) to one-half of the sphere total surface area.




In addition, fire water monitors or spray systems actuated from the same location as the deluge

system shall be provided to protect the lower hemisphere and shall be sized to deliver 0.15 gpm per

ft2 (0.0062 m3/min per m2) to one-half of the sphere total surface area.




Figure 5: Typical Piping Requirements for Top Mounted Cooling Water

Deluge Systems (1)(2)

See Detail A20 in. Approx. (3)

H

1/4 in.Plate

Washer

(Stop)

Welding Reducer(See Chart)

2d

3/4 in. Bolt

(Concentric)

1/2 in.

1/2 x 3/4 in. Bar

DETAIL A

DELUGE HEAD

D

ELEVATION

Dike

Slope

Feed Pipe

(See Chart)

DrainValve

Identification SignFor Operating

Valve

NOTICE

OperatingValve

Valve Box(If Required)

Firewater

Main

Acceptable Metric EquivalentsFigure 1 Detail A

ITEM IN. MM

Plate

Bar

Bolt

1/4

1/2 x 3/4

3/4

6

12 x 20

20

d (Feed Pipe Nominal Diam) d (NPS, in.) x 25 mm

SPHERE

DIAMETER (4)(5)

"d"Nominal

PipeDiameter

REDUCER SIZE DIMENSION"D"

DIMENSION"H"

Ft M in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm

Up to 41.0 Up to 12.5 4 100 4 x 2 100 x 50 12 300 3 75

41.5 -49.0

12.7 -15.0

4 100 4 x 2-1/2 100 x 62 12 300 3 75

49.5 -57.5

15.0 -

17.56 150 6 x 2-1/2 150 x 62 18 450 4 100

58.0 -69.5

17.7 -21.2

6 150 6 x 3 150 x 75 18 450 4 100

70.0 -

85.021.3 - 26 8 200 8 x 4 200 x

10024 600 6 150

Dia ="d"

Notes:

(1) Figure illustrates arrangement and components for spheres but is applicable to dome roof and spheroid tank installations.(2) Where sectionalized spray coverage is required, multiple deluge heads and individual piping including control at the valve box shall be provided.

(3) The specified 20 in. (500 mm) dimension may be varied to permit the water to clear obstacles such as appurtenances and platforms.(4) For spheroids use diameter at equator

(5) For spheres and spheroids of diameter greater than 85 ft (26 m) the use of oversized lines or a booster pump shall be considered to compensatefor the increased static head.




4) [S] Pressurized (horizontal) storage vessels handling flammable materials shall be protected as

follows:

a) For three or more vessels located within 50 ft (15 m) from each other (shell-to-shell), each shall

be fireproofed.

b) * For single vessels or for two vessels located within 50 ft (15 m) of each other but with more

than 50 ft (15 m) spacing from other pressurized storage vessels, provisions for cooling with fire

water monitors, or remotely actuated fixed fire water spray systems, may be substituted for

fireproofing.

9.2. Pressurized Storage

1) [S] Provisions for water flooding. All pressurized storage vessels handling flammable materials not

in refrigerated service (including horizontal drums used for storage, spheres and spheroids) shall have

a connection installed to permit flooding of the vessel with fire water, as follows:

a) * The connection shall be to the product line at the bottom of the vessel.

Additional water flooding connections shall be specified.

b) The connection shall terminate outside the dike, and at least 100 ft (30 m) from the vessel.

c) When the connection is to a non-dedicated line (such as the normal fill line or pump suction line),

the connection shall be located between the vessel block valve and the manifold valve and shall

comply with the following additional criteria.

i) The connection shall be made in the top of the line, to prevent accumulation of water.

ii) The connection shall be minimum length and include (in the order listed) a block valve, a

check valve, and a 21/2 in. (65 mm) size hose connection fitted with a pressure tight cap and

a vent valve.

d) The termination point shall be located such that not more than 100 ft (30 m) of hose is required

for its use.

e) The termination shall be identified with a sign indicating the purpose and vessel served.

9.3. Refrigerated Storage

1) [S] In addition to a top-mounted fire water deluge system per Section 9.1 Item (3), double wall

spheres using a granular type insulation in the annular space shall be furnished with a bottom spray

system. Such system shall be sized to deliver water at a rate of 0.15 gpm per ft2 (0.0062 m

3/min per

m2) to the under portion of the vessel within the vessel support legs.

2) [S] Dome roof tanks shall be provided with a top mounted fire water deluge system. The system shall

be designed to deliver water at a rate of 0.15 gpm per ft2 (0.0062 m

3/min per m

2) of roof surface. A

deflector plate shall be installed continuously around the tank at the roof-to-shell joint to deflect roof

cooling water run-off back against the vertical shell.

3) [S] Dome roof tanks higher than 75 ft (23 m) shall be provided with additional water at a rate of 0.15

gpm per ft2 (0.0062 m

3/min per m

2) of total vertical shell area. This water shall be supplied through a

spray ring system located at the top shell course installed below the compression ring.

4) [S] Dome roof tanks less than 75 ft (23 m) high shall be provided with additional cooling water

capacity at a rate of 0.15 gpm per ft2 (0.0062 m3/min per m2) of total vertical shell area. The water

may be supplied through a spray ring located at the top shell course installed below the compression

ring or by fixed water monitor nozzles located at grade around the tank.




10. Spray Systems for Air Preheaters

10.1. Regenerative (Rotary) Air Preheaters

1) * [S] Regenerative air preheaters shall be provided with a fixed internal fire water spray system. Fire

water application rates shall be:

a) 1.3 gpm/ft2 (0.052 m

3/min per m

2) over the entire area of the upper face of a vertical axis air

preheater.

b) 1.3 gpm/ft2 (0.052 m

3/min per m

2) over the entire area of both faces of a horizontal axis air

preheater.

Lower application rates shall require approval by the Owner's Engineer.

Inert systems such as CO2 (see NFPA 12), nitrogen, and steam may be used instead of fire water to

minimize damage while extinguishing a fire. When required, details for such systems shall be

specified.

2) [S] Water spray nozzles shall be located in both air and flue gas ducts.

3) [S] Spray nozzles shall be suitable for the high temperature and corrosive environment in the flue gas

duct. The nozzles shall be equipped with a rupture disc or an equivalent seal to prevent flue gases

from condensing in the piping.

4) [S] Spray system shall conform to Section 8, Items 1-5, 7, and 8, except that:

a) The location of the main actuating valve shall be at a safe location at grade and at least 25 ft (7.6

m) from the air preheater.

b) The water supply shall have a double block and bleed.

c) In freezing climates, portions of the system that are continually filled with water shall be

winterized.

5) [S] An air preheater and duct drainage system shall be provided as follows:

a) The drainage system shall be designed to be self-opening (for example, by using water seals,

pressure-loaded panels, or rupture disks in the drainage system), or be operable from a safe

location 25 ft (7.6 m) from the air preheater.

b) Air preheater and duct drains with a minimum diameter of 4 in. (100 mm), or equivalent open

area, shall be located at all low points in sufficient number to provide adequate drainage during

the operation of the deluge system.

c) Any drain lines connected to the flue gas ducts shall be protected against acid dew-point

corrosion.

10.2. Recuperative (Static) Air Preheaters that Receive Flue Gas from More than One Fired Heater/Boiler

1) * [S] The water wash system installed for cleaning the preheater shall be modified to allow injection

of fire water at a rate equivalent to the water wash rate, approximately 4 gpm/ft2 (0.17 m

3/min per m

2)

over the cross sectional area of the air preheater.




Inert systems such as CO2 (see NFPA 12), nitrogen, and steam may be used instead of fire water to

minimize damage while extinguishing a fire. When required, details for such systems shall be

specified.

2) [S] Water wash piping shall be extended to a safe location at grade and at least 25 ft (7.6 m) from the

air preheater. At this location, the piping shall be provided (in the order listed) with a block valve,

check valve, and 21/2 in. (65 mm) fire hose connections (with a pressure tight cap) in sufficient

number to allow application of the desired fire water rate.

3) [S] An air preheater and duct drainage system shall be provided as described in Section 10.1, Item

(5).

11. Inspection and Testing

* [S] Acceptance tests. Fire water systems covered by this Practice shall be tested in the presence and to

the satisfaction of the Owner's Representative, by demonstrating the capability to deliver the design fire

water rate prior to the system being placed in service.




Record of Change

Version 1.0.0 Date: 07/01

Location Action Description

Initial Publish.


Global Practice version number and format updated to comply with new

process; however, original publish date remains, and no content was

modified.


Section 1.1 Modified Added references to GP 03-10-01 and GP 03-10-03.

Section 1.3 Modified Added reference to NFPA 12 and removed references to NFPA 20 and

NFPA 24.

Section 1.4 Added Added new section to identify reference to NSF 61E.

Section 3.1,

Item (1)

Modified The pressure and temperature criteria were referenced to GP 03-10-01.

Section 3.1,

Item (2)

Modified Changed paragraph from [I] to [S].

Section 3.1,

Item (3)

Modified Rationale expanded to include potential contamination of the fire water

system as a reason for prohibiting permanent connections between fire

water and process systems.

Section 3.1,

Item (5)

Modified Added GEMS specifications for underground fire water piping (new

Table 1). Added requirement that all underground fire water piping

materials shall be approved by the Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire

Chief.

Section 3.1,

Item (6)

Added Added, "For pipe, tube or fittings in fire water spray systems, use

materials consistent with GP 03-10-01 and NFPA 15. Deviations shall

require approval by the Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief."

Section 3.2,

Item (2)

Added Added requirement for a backflow preventer in potable water or

municipal water lines supplying fire water systems. Added requirement

for internal coating on dual service break tanks per NSF 61E.

Section 3.2,

Item (3)

Added Added that provision should made for the addition of approved biological

additives where the fire water supplies are liable to biological fouling.

Section 3.2,

Item (4)

Modified Clarified that this item provides criteria when the installation of more

than one fire water source is required.

Section 3.4,

Item (2)

Modified Use of steam drivers for booster pumps now requires approval of the

Owner's Engineer and the plant Fire Chief.




Section 3.5,

Item (2)

Modified

Modified the text to specify that the potential for water freezing, leading

to system damage, needs to be addressed in the system design.

Table 2

(formerly

Table 1)

Modified Under Atmospheric Tank Storage, Fixed Foam in Fixed Roof Tanks,

added the requirement that "connections should be located at least a

distance of one tank diameter from the tank but in no case less than 50 ft

(15 m) from the tank."

Section 3.7,

Item (2)

Modified Rationale expanded.

Section 3.7,

Item (3)

Modified Rationale expanded.

Section 4, Item

(1)

Added Added requirement that the hydrant connections should be compatible

with local community and mutual aid mobile firefighting equipment that

may be used in an incident. Subsequent items in Section 4 renumbered.

Section 4, Item

(5d)

Addition Rationale added.

Section 5, Item

(1)

Modified Amended the monitor criteria to 500 gpm with a range of 150 feet at 75

psig, to match the capability of referenced monitor models.

Modified constant flow, combination straight stream fog nozzle from

Akron Black Widow Style 2145 to Akron Brass Style 4450. The Black

Widow Style 2145 is no longer offered.

Section 7, Item

(5)

Added Added the requirement that Post Indicator valves should be set so that the

top of the post is 36 in (914 mm) above the final grade. Added rationale.

Section 8, Item

(1c)

Modified Deleted bypass on main actuating valves. Added, "In addition, the

actuator shall incorporate a manual release mechanism, or another means

of actuation shall be provided adjacent to the valve."

Section 8, Item

(8)

Added Added that all automatic water spray systems shall be provided with a

local alarm.




Attachment: Purpose Codes Definitions

Code Description

C Assigned to paragraphs containing specifications whose primary purpose is reduced costs.

Reduced cost in this context refers to initial investment cost and does not include Life-Cycle

cost considerations. Life-Cycle cost considerations are captured under reliability,

maintainability, or operability purpose codes.

E Assigned to paragraphs containing specifications whose primary purpose is driven by

environmental considerations. Environmental considerations typically include specifications

intended to protect against emissions/leakage to the air, water, and/or soil. Deviations from the

specifications contained in such paragraphs require formal review and approval according to

local environmental policy.

I Assigned to paragraphs that provide only clarifying information such as Scope statements,

definitions of terms, etc.

M Assigned to paragraphs containing specifications whose primary purpose is to provide for

maintainability of equipment or systems. Maintainability provisions are those that facilitate the

performance of maintenance on equipment/systems either during downtimes or during on-

stream operations.

O Assigned to paragraphs containing specifications whose primary purpose is to assure

operability of equipment or systems. Operability is the ability of the equipment/system to

perform satisfactorily even though conditions are off-design, such as during startups, process

swings, subcomponent malfunction, etc.

R Assigned to paragraphs containing specifications whose primary purpose is to improve or

assure the reliability of equipment or systems. Reliability is a measure of the ability of

equipment/systems to operate without malfunction or failure between planned maintenance

interventions.

S Assigned to paragraphs containing specifications whose primary purpose is avoidance of

personnel or operational safety incidents. Any deviation from the specifications contained in

such designated paragraphs requires formal review and approval according to local safety

policy.

Personnel Safety: Refers to the avoidance of recordable personnel injuries; i.e., burns, cuts,

abrasions, inhalation, or exposure to dangerous substances, etc., that

could result in medical treatment, restricted work, lost-time incidents, or

fatalities.

Operational

Safety:

Refers to the prevention and control of process releases, fires, explosions,

etc.

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