g p E h i H p c l ' u p n

with contributions by

Michael Beigl Aaron Betsky Ole Bouman Neil Brown Ignacio Cirac Andrew Daley Dennis Del Favero David Deutsch Elizabeth Diller Winka Dubbeldam Georg Flachbart Monika Fleischmann Torsten Frohlich Dagan Gilat Sulan Kolatan Rolf Kruse William J. Mac Donald Holger Marten William J. Mitchell Kas Oosterhuis Hani Rashid Ivan Redi Andrea Schrottner Ricardo Scofidio Jeffrey Shaw Wolfgang Strauss Stuart A. Veech Tom Verebes Peter Weibel Peter Zoller

sdii-gEi tiM GE°ng Fiae^'ban*' and pQ>-er ujEibeL

Birkhauser - Publishers for Architecture Basel • Boston • Berlin

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Disappearing Architecture _From Real to Virtual to Quantum

Editors Georg Flachbart and Peter Weibel

Visual Concept and Design mind(21)factory for Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Design Stuttgart_Franl<furt/M_Berlin Georg Flachbart Thomas Nagel

Lithography COMYK I Roland Merz Karlsruhe

Production ZKM I Publications Ulrike Havemann Jens Lutz Miriam Sturner

Cover Visual Winka Dubbeldam | Archi-Tectonics, NYC "From Hardware to SoftForm"

Illustration p. 2 Julie Rousset | xplicit bin " I am many"

Special Thanks xplicit ffm OkoMedia Stuttgart Silke MiJller

A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress, Washington D.C., USA

Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; Detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb,de.

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use, permission of the copyright owner must be obtained.

© 2005 Birkhauser - Publishers for Architecture, R 0. Box 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland Part of Springer Science and Business Media Printed on acid-free paper produced from chlorine-free pulp.TCF oo

Printed in Germany ISBN-10: 3-7643-7275-3 ISBN-13: 978-3-7643-7275-0

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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"If you please - draw me a sheep!"

said the little Prince, thinking not

about a real sheep, but a virtual one.

For a virtual sheep requires very

little space and can live a long time.

E D n ^ p n ^ j

8 PREFACE _From the Editors

COMPACT INTRO .

10 Disappearing Architecture _From Real to Virtual to Quantum Georg Flachbart Director, mind(2i)factory for Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Design, Stuttgart

PART ONE _THE INFRASTRUCTURE

Information Technology Infrastructure for Open, Distributed and Heterogeneous Application Environments

1.1 GENERAL APPROACH .

i8 After the Revolution _Instruments of Displacement William J. Mitchell Head, Media Arts and Sciences at MIT Media Lab, Cambridge/Mass.

24 The Architecture of the Multiverse David Deutsch Researcher, Center for Quantum Computation at the Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University

1.2 SPECIAL REPORTS _THE NEXT-GENERATION COMPUTING .

32 Autonomic Computing _Building Self-managing Computing Systems Dagan Gilat Manager, Active Solutions, IBM Research Laboratory, Haifa

42 Grid Computing _Basis of Multi-institutional Virtual Organizations Holger Marten Managing Director of the Grid Computing Center Karlsruhe (GridKa), Institute for Scientific Computing at the Research Center Karlsruhe

52 Ubiquitous Computing _Computation Embedded in the World Michael Beigl Managing Director, Telecooperation Office (TecO), Institute for Telematics at the University of Karlsruhe

62 The Development of Quantum Hardware for Quantum Computing Andrew Daley, Ignacio Cirac, Peter Zoller Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck (Daley, Zoller) and Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Garching (Cirac)

PART ZERO _THE ARCHITECTURE .

Intersections of Real and Virtual Space in an Authentic Architecture of the Digital Era

0.1 GENERAL APPROACH ,

80 Constructing an Authentic Architecture of the Digital Era William J. Mitchell Head, Media Arts and Sciences at MIT Media Lab, Cambridge/Mass.

90 A New Kind of Building Kas Oosterhuis Principal, ONL [Oosterhuis_Lenardl, Rotterdam

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0.2 SPECIAL REPORTS .MODELS OF MIXED-REALITY ENVIRONMENTS .

118 Implos ion o f Numbers _Per format ive Mixed Reality Wolfgang Strauss, Monika Reischmann Directors, Media Arts Research Studies / MARS - Exploratory Media Lab, Fraunhofer Institute for Media Communication, Sankt Augustin

132 Cybernar ium _A Mixed-Real i ty Eduta inment Center Torsten Frohlich, Rolf Kruse CTO/CEO Cybernarium Projektgesellschaft mbH, Darmstadt Fraunhofer Institute for Graphic Data Processing, Darmstadt

144 T_Vis ionar ium _Towards a Dialogic Concept o f Dig i ta l Narrat ive Dennis Del Favero, Nell Brown, Jeffrey Shaw and Peter Weibel Institute for iCinema Research, University of South Wales, Sydney ZKM Center for Art and Media, Karlsruhe

152 Enhancing Spat ia l i ty _From HardWare to SoftForm Winka Dubbeldam Principal, Archi-Tectonics, New York City

162 The Relat ionship between Arch i tec tu re and V i r tua l Media Ivan Redi, Andrea Schrottner Principals, ORTLOS architects, Graz

174 Arch i tec tu re as a Media Catalyst Stuart A. Veech Principal, vma veech.media.architecture, Vienna

184 Architecture as a Habitable Medium Elizabeth Diller, Richardo Scofidio Principals, Diller Scofidio + Renfro, New York City

196 Impact o f Network Logic on Space and i ts Making Sulan Kolatan, William 3. Mac Donald Principals, Kol/Mac Studio, New York City

206 Network Pract ice and the Products o f Network ing Tom Verebes Principal, ocean D, London, Boston, New York / AA Design Research Lab, London

218 Protospace 2.0 _The ICT-driven Col laborat ive Design Work ing Space Kas Oosterhuls Principal, ONL [Oosterhuis_Lenard], Rotterdam

236 Enter ing an Age o f F lu id i ty Hani Rashid Principal, Asymptote, New York City

SUMMING UP

250 From Box to Intersection .Architecture at the Crossroads Aaron Betsky Director, Netherlands Architecture Institute, Rotterdam

258 Bui ld ing Terminal _For an Arch i tec tu re w i thou t Objectness Ole Bouman Editor-in-Chief, Archis Magazine, Amsterdam

COMPACT EXTRO .

264 Arch i tec ture _From Locat ion to Nonlocat ion, f rom Presence to Absence Peter Weibel Director, ZKM Center for Art and Media, Karlsruhe

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