A. Mario Loiederman Middle School for the

Creative and Performing Arts

Summer Reading 2016         

Spring 2016

Dear Loiederman Students and Families, As part of the MCPS language arts instructional program, students are required to complete summer reading prior to their upcoming academic year. The purpose of this program is to allow students to continue building and strengthening essential reading skills throughout the summer months. Students are expected to read two pieces of literature (one fictional, one non-fictional) they have not read before. For the non-fiction piece, students may also choose to use the articles that are attached to this packet. Enclosed is a list of suggested books that cover a range of reading levels, topics and genres. We recommend that parents/guardians review with their children the list or visit a local public library or book store to consider interest and readability prior to making selections. After students finish reading, they must complete assignments for each piece of literature read. These assignments will be submitted to English teachers during the first two weeks of the opening marking period and graded as homework tasks. Students who register after August 1, 2016, will have until the final week of the first marking period to submit the assignment. If you should need another copy of this assignment, it is available online on the Loiederman web site and in the main office. Should you have any questions, please contact Mr. Eupil Muhn, Language Arts Content Specialist, at 301-929-2282 or Eupil_K_Muhn@mcpsmd.org.

Wishing you a wonderful summer full of books,

Your Language Arts Teachers

Grade 6 

Name ___________________________  

Latest Lexile Range: ________________  

Find a “just right” challenge by reading at your level! Review book/article Lexile numbers in this packet and visit www.lexile.com to identify books that are most appropriate for your current level (within your range)! 

A. Mario Loiederman Middle School for the

Creative and Performing Arts

Summer Reading 2016         

Primavera 2016 Estimados Estudiantes y Familias de Loiederman, Como parte del Programa Instructivo del Departamento de Artes de Lenguaje de MCPS, es necesario que los estudiantes completen una lectura en el verano antes de su próximo año escolar. El propósito de este programa es para permitir que estudiantes continúen construyendo y esforzando habilidades esenciales de lectura durante los meses de verano. La expectativa para los estudiantes es leer dos piezas de literatura que no hayan leído, una selección de ficción y una que no sea de ficción. Para la parte de no ficción, estudiantes también pueden escoger y usar artículos los cuales están adjuntos en este paquete. Adjunto, esta una lista de sugerencias de libros que cubren el rango de niveles de lectura, temas y géneros. Les recomendamos a los padres/guardianes que repasen con sus hijos la lista o visite la librería pública o la tienda de libros para considerar el interés y la legibilidad antes de tomar una selección. Después de que los estudiantes terminen su lectura, ellos deben de completar tarea para cada pieza de literatura leído. Este trabajo será sometido a los profesores de Inglés durante las primeras dos semanas del comienzo del primer periodo de calificaciones y serán marcados como tareas. Estudiantes quienes se registran después del 1 de Agosto, 2016, tendrán hasta el final del periodo de calificaciones para entregar su trabajo. Si usted necesita otra copia de la tarea, está disponible en la página del sitio web de Loiederman y en la oficina principal. Si usted tiene alguna pregunta, por favor de llamar al Sr. Eupil Muhn, Especialista de Contenido de Artes de Lenguaje, al 301-929-2282 o Eupil_K_Muhn@mcpsmd.org.

Deseándoles un verano maravilloso lleno de libros.

Sus Profesores de Artes de Lenguajes

Grado 6 

Name ___________________________  

Latest Lexile Range: ________________  

Encuentre su reto “perfecto” leyendo a su nivel!  Revise libro/articulo numeros Lexile en este paquete y visite www.lexile.com para identificar los libros los cuales sean mas apropiados para su nivel corriente 

(dentro de su alcance)!

90 Miles to Havana by Enrique Flores-Galbis (Lexile: 790) When unrest hits the streets of Havana, Cuba, Julian's parents must make the heartbreaking decision to send him and his two brothers away to Miami via the Pedro Pan operation. The boys are thrust into a world where bullies seem to run rampant and it's not always clear how best to protect themselves.

A Crooked Kind of Perfect by Linda Urban (Lexile: 730) Ten-year-old Zoe Elias, who longs to play the piano but must resign herself to learning the organ, finds that her musicianship has a positive impact on her workaholic mother, her jittery father, and her school social life.

A Wrinkle in Time: The Graphic Novel by Madeleine L’Engle (adapted by Hope Larson) (Lexile: 740) A graphic novel adaptation of the classic tale in which Meg Murry and her friends become involved with unearthly strangers and a search for Meg's father, who has disappeared while engaged in secret work for the government.

Amulet: The Stonekeeper by Kazu Kibuishi After the tragic death of their father, Emily and Navin move with their mother into a strange house proves to be dangerous. When a sinister creature lures their mom through a door in the basement, Em and Navin, follow her into an underground world inhabited by demons, robots, and talking animals.

Esperanza Rising by Pam Muñoz Ryan (Lexile: 750) Esperanza and her mother are forced to leave their life of wealth and privilege in Mexico to go work in the labor camps of Southern California, where they must adapt to the harsh circumstances facing Mexican farm workers on the eve of the Great Depression. Football Genius by Tim Green (Lexile: 800) Troy, a sixth-grader with an unusual gift for predicting football plays before they occur, attempts to use his ability to help his favorite team, the Atlanta Falcons, but he must first prove himself to the coach and players.

Hold Fast by Blue Balliett (Lexile 780) On a cold winter day in Chicago, Early's father disappeared, and now she, her mother and her brother have been forced to flee their apartment and join the ranks of the homeless - and it is up to Early to hold her family together and solve the mystery surrounding her father.

Lawn Boy by Gary Paulsen (Lexile: 780) Things get out of hand for a twelve-year-old boy when a neighbor convinces him to expand his summer lawn mowing business.

Princess Academy by Shannon Hale (Lexile: 890) While attending a strict academy for potential princesses with the other girls from her mountain village, fourteen-year-old Miri discovers unexpected talents and connections to her homeland.

Stanford Wong Flunks Big Time by Lisa Yee (Lexile 650) After flunking sixth-grade English, basketball prodigy Stanford Wong must struggle to pass his summer-school class, keep his failure a secret from his friends, and satisfy his academically demanding father.

Strike Three, You’re Dead by Josh Berk (Lexile: 590) Lenny Norbeck and his friends The Mikes set out to investigate the suspicious death of a young pitcher at a Phillies game

Will in Scarlet by Matthew Cody (Lexile: 840) In the late 1100s, thirteen-year-old Will, the future Lord of Shackley, is exiled to Sherwood Forest, where he meets Robin Hood and the Merry Men and bands with them to try retake Shackley Castle.

Grade 6 Suggested FICTION Titles

Harriet Tubman, Secret Agent: How Daring Slaves and Free Blacks Spied for the Union During the Civil War by Thomas B. Allen (Lexile: 1120)

Stuff That Scares Your Pants Off! The Science Scoop on More Than 30 Terrifying Phenomena! by Glenn Murphy (Lexile: 1210) A look into wild and scary wildlife, natural disasters, deadly diseases and the unknown!

The Dark Game: True Spy Stories by Paul B. Janeczko (Lexile: 1200) From clothesline codes to surveillance satellites and cyber espionage, Janeczko uncovers two centuries' worth of true spy stories in U.S. history.

The Skull in the Rock: How a Scientist, a Boy, and Google Earth Opened a New Window on Human Origins by Lee Berger and Marc Aronson (Lexile: 1140) Chronicles the story behind one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of all time, explaining its significance for understanding human evolution and how it is shaping the thinking of the scientific community.

Titanic: Voices from the Disaster by Deborah Hopkinson (Lexile: 1040) Tells the tale of the sinking of the Titanic using the narratives of the witnesses and survivors to the disaster.

We Are the Ship: The Story of Negro League Baseball by Kadir Nelson (Lexile: 900) Using an "Everyman" player as his narrator, Kadir Nelson tells the story of Negro League baseball from its beginnings in the 1920s through the decline after Jackie Robinson crossed over to the majors in 1947. Illustrations from oil paintings by artist Kadir Nelson.

Witches! The Absolutely True Tale of Disaster in Salem by Rosalyn Schanzer (Lexile: 1190) Tells the story of the victims, the accused witches, and the scheming officials that turned a mysterious illness into a witch hunt.  

Grade 6 Suggested NON-FICTION Titles

 FICTION: Elements of a Story       Name _____________________ 

 

Text Title:_____________________________________________  

  AS YOU READ, complete the following information:

  Main Character(s): 

    

Setting:  When:  Where:  

  AFTER YOU READ, determine the major events at the beginning, middle and end :

  Events: (What happens in the beginning) 

      

Events: (What happens in the middle)  

      

Events: (What happens at the end) 

       

  Problem (Conflict): 

   

  Solution (Resolution): 

   

Assignment 1 of 4 – Two Points EX

POSITION 

RISING ACTION 

FALLING ACTION 

Character Traits 

Examples  Non‐Examples  Caring                                            

Honest 

Wise 

Creative 

Bold 

Friendly 

Enthusiastic 

Determined 

Admirable Foibles are negative character traits: 

Evil 

Selfish 

Rude 

Bossy 

Stubborn  

Temporary Feelings are NOT character traits: o Depressed o Sorrowful o Excited o Heartbroken o Lonely 

Physical Characteristics are NOT character traits: o Skinny o Beautiful  o Invisible o Tall 

Other Non‐Examples o Hungry o Rich 

Definition: A character trait is a word to describe how someone acts most of the time (their personality). 

Caption: The girl is respectful because she recycles the newspaper to protect the planet. 

Name __________________________ Assignment 2 of 4 – Two Points 

Character Map

Directions: complete the following character map for one of the main characters in the FICTIONAL story you read. Character’s Name:

What the character says

(use direct quotes/evidence)

What others say about the character (use direct quotes/evidence)

What the character does (use direct quotes/evidence)

Actions

Character’s traits (use direct quotes/evidence)

These traits are distinguishing qualities of the character that reflect his/her personality

 Theme:  a universal message the author wants to get across in his or her story.   Here are some examples of topics a story can be about, and how they can reveal a theme!  

Topic  Theme (the message that can apply to everyone)

Being Accepted When people put themselves in the shoes of others, they can learn how to accept those who are different.   

Being Yourself  Sometimes it takes people wanting us to be someone else that helps us find out who we really are. 

Change Throughout life, we are always facing change.  Sometimes we need to embrace and adjust to the change in order to move forward.   

Courage  Real courage is being brave under the most uncertain and challenging circumstances.

Differences While at first differences can seem to tear people apart, understanding those differences can build unexpected relationships.    

Dreams  People have to make great sacrifices to achieve their dreams.  

Fairness  Sometimes being fair does not make everyone happy.   

Giving  It is through giving to others that we are able to receive the most rewards in life.  

Growing Up While some growing pains in life are extremely painful, without them we might not ever learn how to improve.   

Honesty  Honesty, while sometimes painful in the moment, can be the best building block for any relationship. 

Kindness  True kindness is doing something for others without expecting anything in return.  

Making the Best of a Situation  

Sometimes when things in life are not what we wanted, we can learn to be happy when we 

Overcoming loss  Sometime in our life time we will all have to overcome loss.  

Overcoming Obstacles 

Overcoming an obstacle is rarely easy, and sometimes we must learn to live with the obstacle to find peace. 

Patience  Patience is often required when wanting to get the most desired things in life.

Perseverance  It is with perseverance and not giving up that people succeed, even when life is hard.  

Respect  When people treat others as they would be treated, they often get unexpected rewards.

Responsibility  Responsibility accompanies the possession of great power.

Assignment 3 of 4 – Two Points 

Theme Think about the FICTIONAL story you read using the resource on the back of this page. What are topics that describe the story? Use the topics to identify different themes and explain how the events/characters reveal those themes. 

Possible Topics:           

 

Title: _________________________________________________________________________________________________  

Author: _______________________________________________________________________________________________  

Theme  1) EVIDENCE: What happens or what characters say/do that reveals the theme (message)? 2) EXPLANATION: How does this evidence reveal the theme (message)? 

      

 

Name __________________________ 

Non‐Fiction: Close Reading 

Directions:  AFTER reading a non‐fiction book OR article (see within packet), answer the following question:   

1. Identify two main ideas (in your own words) in the text: 

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

2. Identify the three most important details from the text (using direct quotations) 

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

3. Write a three to four sentence summary of the text: 

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

4. What do you think?  Write a claim statement that argues your opinion on this topic. 

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

5. Explain your argument by using direct evidence from the text, and/or any personal experiences/ideas you have on the topic after your reading. 

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Assignment 4 of 4 – Two Points 

Grade 6 Recommended Non-Fiction Article (860 Lexile)

Will too many people want to buy tropical fish after

"Finding Dory"? ORLANDO, Fla. - When the movie "Finding Nemo" was popular in 2003, many

parents and children could not wait to buy a cute little Nemo fish. Sadly, many

of the orange clownfish quickly died.

Animal activists and pet shop owners are worried the same thing will happen with "Finding Dory." The Disney

Pixar movie comes out in June.

The new animated movie includes the return of Dory, a Pacific blue tang. The character's voice is done by Ellen

DeGeneres.

"I think we are facing the same problem, and it's even worse," said Teresa Telecky. She is the director of

wildlife at Humane Society International. "Blue tang live up to 50 years and get big, over a foot long." The fish

would need a 180-gallon aquarium, the size of a couch, she said.

PETA Tries To Get People To Buy Stuffed Animal Versions

The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) is telling families to buy stuffed animal Dories instead

of the real thing. A Disney spokeswoman said that Disney is working with the Association of Zoos and

Aquariums. They are creating a program to save the tang.

Disney also said it will discourage people from buying the fish. The Marine Aquarium Societies of North

America reported that marine scientists have talked with Disney about the movie's story. In the movie, Dory is

born and raised at a marine center. Yet, raising blue tang from eggs or larvae in a tank is not possible.

The baby fish die because they do not eat normal fish food, said Matthew DiMaggio. He is with the University

of Florida and is a leading researcher on blue tang.

"We knew this movie was going to come out, and we have been trying to raise them. But they are a challenge,"

DiMaggio said. After "Finding Nemo," SeaWorld helped to start a program called Rising Tide. It is trying to

raise blue tang and other fish in tanks. The program successfully raised the first yellow tang in Hawaii. It has

improved breeding for the clownfish. The program has not had much luck with the blue tang, which died after

22 days.

Blue Tang Is Not Easy To Care For

Marcye Sweeney owns Sea in the City, an aquarium supply store in Orlando, Florida. She vowed she will not

sell any blue tang. They are also called Pacific palette surgeonfish.

"Thousands of clownfish died after 'Finding Nemo,'" Sweeney said. "People will tell you that you can set up an

aquarium immediately and raise these fish, but they are generally wrong. It's not that easy."

Mike Bober is the head of the Pet Industry Joint Advisory Council. After "Finding Nemo," more people bought

clownfish, but not a huge number. Bober said people can research the right fish for their home aquarium at

MyRightFish.com.

There are stores that sell the blue tang online. Some of the online stores include a warning that large saltwater

tanks are needed. One site advertised a small blue tang for $50.

Telecky said many Disney movies have a huge effect on real-life animals. After the movie "101 Dalmatians,"

many people bought Dalmatian puppies because they are cute. Then, many were abandoned because they can be

hard to own.

Saving The Blue Tang

"Their latest movie, 'Zootopia,' has a cute fox in it, a fennec fox, which is native to Africa," Telecky said. "Sales

of fennecs have taken off around the globe now."

Rene Umberger is the head of Hawaii-based For the Fishes. She said her group and the Humane Society are

trying to save the blue tang. "There is a very real chance that species of fish could be wiped out, meaning near

extinction in the wild," Umberger said. She is also worried that fishermen will use a poison to catch the fish.

The poison can damage the reefs where they live.

"The fishermen already report that they must go farther and farther out from land to find the blue tang," she

said. "The movie hasn't even come out yet."

Grade 7 Recommended Non-Fiction Article (1050 Lexile)

Even with big season, Steph Curry

has big shoes to fill in sneaker market

NBA star Stephen Curry has already put the Golden State Warriors in the record books this year. He has led the

team to more wins than the record Michael Jordan had with the Chicago Bulls in the 1995-96 season.

This has led to huge sales of his Under Armour Curry One and Curry Two sneakers. A knee sprain has sidelined

Curry for two weeks and hurt his team's chances in the playoffs. Still, his amazing season raises the question of

whether Curry can beat Jordan in online sneaker sales.

Under Armour is the athletic clothing brand that makes the Curry line of sneakers. Last week Under Armour

reported its earnings for the first quarter of this year. It earned $264 million from shoe sales, 64 percent more

than it made in the first quarter of last year. This is largely thanks to the Curry footwear line.

Shoe Sales Jump Before Record Win

Kevin Plank is chief executive officer and chairman of Under Armour. Plank said that the Curry Two was the

company's best-selling item among its online sales this quarter. The company said that it has been the best-

selling player-branded basketball shoe on the market in recent weeks. In addition, the sales quarter ended March

31. This means it doesn't include sales after Curry led the Warriors to their record-setting win.

Slice Intelligence is a company that studies sales and buying habits. Slice released a report this month that

found that sales of Curry shoes have increased. Online sales of these shoes in the past six months were up 170

percent from the previous six months.

Yet in the world of online sales, Curry sneakers cannot compete with Air Jordans. Slice analyzed online sales of

player-branded shoe lines. It included shoe lines from Jordan, Curry, Kobe Bryant and LeBron James. The

study looked at the time period between January 2015 and March 2016. It found that Curry sneakers made up

only 4.2 percent of online shoe sales in this time. James's shoes made up 9.7 percent and Bryant's shoes made

up 13.6 percent of the sales. Jordan's line made up an enormous 72.4 percent of the online earnings of player-

branded sneakers.

Many More Styles Of Air Jordans

Part of the reason Jordans have earned more money is because the brand offers more choice of products. Jaimee

Minney is a spokeswoman for Slice Intelligence. Minney says that there are many more styles of Air Jordans

than Curry Ones or Twos. This gives shoppers more choices and sneaker lovers a reason to buy more than one

pair.

Plus, Minney said, the Air Jordan has become a bit of a fashion statement over time. The brand been around so

long, it has almost taken on a life of its own. People like to wear them because they like the shoes themselves,

not just because they are named after a basketball legend.

Under Armour is also fairly new to selling footwear. It makes sense that the Air Jordan, which is sold by Nike,

has a bigger and more loyal following. The $264 million that Under Armour just reported in shoe sales is small

compared with Nike's earnings. In North America alone, Nike made more than $2 billion in the same time

period.

Style The Same For Record-Breaking Game

Under Armour has tried to increase its share of sneaker sales with the Curry line. It has sent Curry to visit

China, which has helped boost sales there. Under Armour will also soon release a new shoe, the Curry 2.5. This

new shoe is a style that is just like the pair the NBA star wore during his record-setting game.

Minney said Under Armour's sneaker sales will probably continue to do well. For six straight years, Under

Armour's sales have increased each quarter by more than 20 percent. In addition to the company's general

success, Curry was the right star to bank on, Minney said.

Slice's study shows another challenge Under Armour faces in competing with Nike on player-branded shoes.

Nike Sales Beat Out Amazon

Nike was easily the top website for sneaker sales, beating even Amazon.com.

This is rare, because Amazon is almost always the top online seller of a given item. Minney said she double-

checks the information whenever Amazon is in the number two position.

It has been estimated that of every dollar spent online in 2015, 51 cents went to Amazon.

The fact that Nike beat Amazon shows that many shoppers are seeking out its brand. That shows loyalty to the

brand, and could show that Nike has created an appealing online experience. Many of Nike's older and less

tech-savvy retailing competitors have struggled to do this.

Under Armour's website accounts for just a small fraction of online sneaker sales. It probably has a long way to

go before shoppers think of it as a destination for these goods.

Grade 8 Recommended Non-Fiction Article (1140 Lexile)

Native Americans are thrilled Jackson is

being removed from the $20 NEW YORK, N.Y. — Growing up in Oklahoma, Becky Hobbs noticed that some of her Cherokee elders would not even

touch a $20 bill. Their avoidance stemmed from a deep hatred for Andrew Jackson, the 19th-century president pictured on

the front of the bill. To this day, Hobbs, now a 66-year-old songwriter, pokes Jackson in the face whenever she gets a $20

bill.

For Hobbs and many other Native Americans, the U.S. Treasury's decision to replace Jackson's portrait with Harriet

Tubman's is a hugely meaningful change.

Jackson was a slave-owning president who forced Cherokees and many other Indian nations on deadly marches out of

their southern homelands. To see him succeeded by an African-American anti-slavery crusader who risked her life to free

others is a wonderful thing for many Native Americans.

"We're just thrilled that Andrew Jackson has had a removal of his own," Hobbs said. "The constant reminder of Andrew

Jackson being glorified is sad and sickening to our people."

Tubman Will Be First African-American On U.S. Currency

The Obama administration's decision is groundbreaking in many ways. There has not been a woman on paper money in

over a century, and there has never been an African-American. Change also is coming to other bills: Martin Luther King,

Jr., and opera singer Marian Anderson, both major figures in the struggle for African-American civil rights, will be

displayed on the back of the $5 bill. The back of the $10 bill will soon feature suffragettes marching for the right of

women to vote.

However, Tubman's arrival is the one many people have been hoping for, much to the dismay of Jackson supporters. It

comes amid ongoing, emotional debates about other symbols Americans choose to honor, like the Confederate flags and

statues being removed from public life in places across the South.

The new $20 bill will serve as a powerful "reminder," said Amrita Myers, a historian who focuses on 19th-century black

women. It will remind us that "we can't ignore or pretend like we didn't have 400 years of slavery."

"Not only is this going to be the first African-American historical figure on U.S. currency, but it's a woman specifically

from the era of slavery," Myers explained. "We still live in a nation that doesn't like to acknowledge its history of racial

and gender oppression." Black women, she said, experience both race- and sex-based oppression at the same time.

Faces On Currency Are Especially Symbolic

Making the change on currency is especially powerful, said Suzan Shown Harjo, president of the Morning Star Institute, a

Native rights organization.

"A country usually puts forward its best when it shows the world the people on a stamp or on money," said Harjo, who is

both Cheyenne and Muskogee. "They're really saying, 'this is what we want you to think of us ... these are our best

people.'"

Jackson, who served from 1828 to 1836, has often been seen as a populist leader who tried to strengthen democracy and

bring Americans together. For Native Americans, however, Jackson stands for genocide, for the destruction of Native

American peoples. For them, he is the polar opposite of a unifying figure.

"He's not the poster boy for America, and it's good to see it changed," said Bill John Baker, principal chief of the

Cherokee Nation.

Baker points out that one-fourth of the Cherokees died after Jackson and his troops forced them onto what became known

as the Trail of Tears. Other tribes that were forced to move to reservations in Oklahoma and beyond include the

Seminoles, Chickasaw, Choctaw and Muscogee-Creek.

Former President Is Still Celebrated By Many

Many Americans still celebrate Jackson for his victory over the British during the War of 1812. General Jackson then

orchestrated the invasion of Florida in 1818, and convinced the Spanish government a year later to give up the territory.

Along the way, he warred against Native Americans, although some were his allies for brief periods.

Jackson's 1830 Indian Removal Act expanded U.S. territory at a critical time.

"As horrible a policy as it was, it was something that was widely appreciated by many voters at the time," said historian

Andrew Frank.

Jackson's picture has been on the front of the $20 bill since 1928.

Nearly a century later, Republican presidential front-runner Donald Trump wants to keep it that way. Trump said

replacing Jackson with Tubman is "pure political correctness." He and former Republican presidential candidate Ben

Carson suggested putting Tubman on the $2 bill instead.

"We won't stop promoting his legacy," said Howard Kittell, president and CEO of the Andrew Jackson Foundation. The

foundation operates Jackson's historic home, The Hermitage, in Tennessee.

"He's a complicated guy," Kittell said. "We don't try to varnish over the fact that he was a slaveholder and helped push the

Indian Removal Act through Congress. But within his historical period, that was within the mainstream thinking."

Jackson Had His Share Of Critics

Not quite, said historian Ed Baptist.

"At the time, there were alternatives, there were congressmen who suggested alternatives. The Indian Removal Act was

contested, there were lots of folks who opposed it."

Plus, Baptist said, the reason Jackson wanted to remove Native Americans from the Southeast was to be able to expand

cotton plantations and the slave trade. Those facts make putting Tubman on the bill even more appropriate.

"Harriet Tubman is what's good about America," he said. "Andrew Jackson is what's problematic about our history."