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Grade XIChemistry

Important Concepts and Reactions

Important Reactions

Hydrocarbons Wurtz Reaction

Kolbe’s Electrolysis Method

Controlled Oxidation

Pyrolysis or Cracking

Dehydration of Alcohols for the formation of Alkenes

Important Reactions

Anti-Markovnikov’s Addition

Ozonolysis

Polymerisation

Oxidation

Treating Calcium Carbide with Water to Form Ethyne

Important Reactions Electrophilic Substitution Reaction ● Nitration

● Halogenation

● Sulphonation

● Friedel−Crafts alkylation

Important Reactions

● Friedel − Crafts acylation

Important Reactions

Organic Chemistry-Basic Principles and Techniques Dumas Method

Mass of the organic compound = m g Volume of nitrogen collected = V1 mL Room temperature = T1K

Volume of nitrogen at STP = = V mL (Suppose) Where, p1 = Pressure of nitrogen V1 = Volume of nitrogen p1 = Atmospheric pressure − Aqueous tension

Kjeldahl’s Method

Detection of Carbon

Detection of Hydrogen

Important Reactions Lassaigne’s Test

Test for Nitrogen

Test for Sulphur

Test for Phosphorus

Important Reactions

The p-Block Elements Borax

Diborane Prepared by treating boron trifluoride (BF3) with LiAlH4 in diethyl ether

Laboratory preparation − Oxidation of sodium borohydride with iodine gives diborane

On industrial scale, it can be produced by the reaction of BF3 and NaH

Name Formula Structure

Isolated Silicates (SiO4)4−

Cyclic Silicates (Si3O18)12−

Important Reactions

Single Chain Silicates SiO32−

Double Chain Silicates Si4O116−

Sheet Silicates Si2O52−

Important Reactions

The s-Block Elements

Preparation of Quick Lime In rotary kiln,

Preparation of Slaked Lime

Preparation of Calcium Carbonate

Preparation of Plaster of Paris

Preparation of BeH2 from BeCl2 and LiAlH4 2BeCl2 + LiAlH4 → 2BeH2 + LiCl + AlCl3

Important Reactions

Hydrogen

Auto-protolysis of Water

Formation of Scum

Clark’s Method- For Removing Temporary Hardness

Hard Water with Washing Soda

Calgon’s method- For Removing Permanent Hardness

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts

Important Concepts