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Grading Symbols and Essay Tips
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Grading Symbols and Essay Tips
Grading Symbols and Essay Tips
Title
• Have a title for your essay and make it interesting and specific to your essay.
Development: Building Your Ideas with Support
• To develop your ideas means that you clearly explain and support your ideas and points.
Essay vs. Paragraph
• An essay and a paragraph are not the same thing.
The Essay• An essay
must have an introductory paragraph, several body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
Introduction (w/thesis)
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Conclusion
Thesis
The thesis is the main point
that youmake in the essay
Where?
The introduction paragraph.
The Body Paragraph
• A body paragraph contains approximately 7-8 sentences and has a topic sentence.
• What is a topic sentence?
The key point that you make in the paragraph.
Basic Sentence Structure
• This is the minimum required for a simple and complete sentence with no errors.
1. Subject
2. Verb
3. Complete thought
Spacing
• Indent 5 spaces to indicate a new paragraph.
• Do not put extra spaces between paragraphs.
• Put two spaces between sentences.
Specificity
• If you are specific in your writing, your communication will be more clear and powerful.
• Use details, examples, and precise language.
Avoid
• Using the second person point of view (p.o.v.) “you.”
• These phrases: I believe…, I think…, In my opinion…, I personally…, I myself personally believe that…
• Writing like you speak
Avoid
• Words such as: thing, a lot, basically, nice, just, something, would, like
• Contractions: Use cannot (not can’t), I am (not I’m), I will (not I’ll), it is (not it’s)
• Using were, where, we’re incorrectly
Avoid
• Directly addressing the reader
Ex: You are going to learn about how(or I am going to tell you about how) after our family trip to Oregon, I realized how dysfunctional my family really is .
Correction:
After our family trip to Oregon, I realized how dysfunctional my family really is.
Avoid
• Announcing your purpose and plan
Ex: In this essay, I am going to discuss how MTV has had an enormous impact on the spending habits of young people.
.
Revised: MTV has had an enormous impact on the spending habits of young people.
Avoid
• Abbreviations, and symbols: do not use & or L.A.
• Using sentences from the prompt.
• Assuming the reader knows the prompt or your topic.
Grading Symbols
1. sp.=spelling error
2. pr.=error in using a pronoun
3. s/v=lack of agreement between the subject and the verb.
Example: The children needs affection.
Correction: The children need affection.
Grading Symbols
4. frag.=sentence fragment, a part of a sentence punctuated as a sentence.
Example: Before leaving for work this morning. I drank a pot of coffee.
Correction: Before leaving for work this morning, I drank a pot of coffee.
Grading Symbols
5. RO (run-on) or CS (comma splice)=two or more sentences incorrectly punctuated as one.
Example: The house was teeming with activity, in fact I didn’t even know all the people who were running around preparing for the party. (CS)
Correction: The house was teeming with activity. In fact, I didn’t even know all the people who were running around preparing for the party.
Example: The James Brown concert was amazing I couldn’t believe a man of his age could dance and sing with such energy. (RO)
Correction: The James Brown concert was amazing. I couldn’t believe a man of his age could dance and sing with such energy.
6. Mm= misplaced modifier. The modifier is not close enough to the word it is modifying.
Example: The phone almost
rang ten times.
Correction: The phone rang
almost ten times.
7. Dm=dangling modifier. There is no word to be modified.
Example: Driving down the road, the dog was hit by the truck. (Who is driving?)
Correction: The driver of the truck hit the dog.
8. vt=lack of verb tense consistency, unnecessarily switching from one tense to another.
9. a=error in using an apostrophe
10. c=error in using a comma
11. cap.=make it a capital letter
12. lc=make it a lower case letter
13. red.=unnecessary repetition.
14. trans= insert a transition
15. ¶ = create a new paragraph
16. ^ = insert something that I specify
17. | = separate (example: alot = a lot)
18. ‿ = bring together
19. q= error in using quotation marks
20. ww = wrong word. Look up the word in the dictionary.
21. fp = faulty parallel structure. Example:
In the mountains, we went hiking, biking and walked.
22. pass= passive voice. Example: Mistakes were made. The quarterback made mistakes.
23. mw= missing word
24. ?= After much effort and time, I cannot understand what you are trying to communicate.
Review these notes before you turn in your first essay. Look at
the grading symbols after you have
received back your first graded essay.
Grading Symbols and Essay Tips
Title
• Have a title for your essay and make it interesting and specific to your essay.
Development: Building Your Ideas with Support
• To develop your ideas means that you clearly explain and support your ideas and points.
Essay vs. Paragraph
• An essay and a paragraph are not the same thing.
The Essay• An essay
must have an introductory paragraph, several body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
Introduction (w/thesis)
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Conclusion
Thesis
The thesis is the main point
that youmake in the essay
Where?
The introduction paragraph.
The Body Paragraph
• A body paragraph contains approximately 7-8 sentences and has a topic sentence.
• What is a topic sentence?
The key point that you make in the paragraph.
Basic Sentence Structure
• This is the minimum required for a simple and complete sentence with no errors.
1. Subject
2. Verb
3. Complete thought
Spacing
• Indent 5 spaces to indicate a new paragraph.
• Do not put extra spaces between paragraphs.
• Put two spaces between sentences.
Specificity
• If you are specific in your writing, your communication will be more clear and powerful.
• Use details, examples, and precise language.
Avoid
• Using the second person point of view (p.o.v.) “you.”
• These phrases: I believe…, I think…, In my opinion…, I personally…, I myself personally believe that…
• Writing like you speak
Avoid
• Words such as: thing, a lot, basically, nice, just, something, would, like
• Contractions: Use cannot (not can’t), I am (not I’m), I will (not I’ll), it is (not it’s)
• Using were, where, we’re incorrectly
Avoid
• Directly addressing the reader
Ex: You are going to learn about how(or I am going to tell you about how) after our family trip to Oregon, I realized how dysfunctional my family really is .
Correction:
After our family trip to Oregon, I realized how dysfunctional my family really is.
Avoid
• Announcing your purpose and plan
Ex: In this essay, I am going to discuss how MTV has had an enormous impact on the spending habits of young people.
.
Revised: MTV has had an enormous impact on the spending habits of young people.
Avoid
• Abbreviations, and symbols: do not use & or L.A.
• Using sentences from the prompt.
• Assuming the reader knows the prompt or your topic.
Grading Symbols
1. sp.=spelling error
2. pr.=error in using a pronoun
3. s/v=lack of agreement between the subject and the verb.
Example: The children needs affection.
Correction: The children need affection.
Grading Symbols
4. frag.=sentence fragment, a part of a sentence punctuated as a sentence.
Example: Before leaving for work this morning. I drank a pot of coffee.
Correction: Before leaving for work this morning, I drank a pot of coffee.
Grading Symbols
5. RO (run-on) or CS (comma splice)=two or more sentences incorrectly punctuated as one.
Example: The house was teeming with activity, in fact I didn’t even know all the people who were running around preparing for the party. (CS)
Correction: The house was teeming with activity. In fact, I didn’t even know all the people who were running around preparing for the party.
Example: The James Brown concert was amazing I couldn’t believe a man of his age could dance and sing with such energy. (RO)
Correction: The James Brown concert was amazing. I couldn’t believe a man of his age could dance and sing with such energy.
6. Mm= misplaced modifier. The modifier is not close enough to the word it is modifying.
Example: The phone almost
rang ten times.
Correction: The phone rang
almost ten times.
7. Dm=dangling modifier. There is no word to be modified.
Example: Driving down the road, the dog was hit by the truck. (Who is driving?)
Correction: The driver of the truck hit the dog.
8. vt=lack of verb tense consistency, unnecessarily switching from one tense to another.
9. a=error in using an apostrophe
10. c=error in using a comma
11. cap.=make it a capital letter
12. lc=make it a lower case letter
13. red.=unnecessary repetition.
14. trans= insert a transition
15. ¶ = create a new paragraph
16. ^ = insert something that I specify
17. | = separate (example: alot = a lot)
18. ‿ = bring together
19. q= error in using quotation marks
20. ww = wrong word. Look up the word in the dictionary.
21. fp = faulty parallel structure. Example:
In the mountains, we went hiking, biking and walked.
22. pass= passive voice. Example: Mistakes were made. The quarterback made mistakes.
23. mw= missing word
24. ?= After much effort and time, I cannot understand what you are trying to communicate.
Review these notes before you turn in your first essay. Look at
the grading symbols after you have
received back your first graded essay.
Title
• Have a title for your essay and make it interesting and specific to your essay.
Development: Building Your Ideas with Support
• To develop your ideas means that you clearly explain and support your ideas and points.
Essay vs. Paragraph
• An essay and a paragraph are not the same thing.
The Essay• An essay
must have an introductory paragraph, several body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
Introduction (w/thesis)
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Body Paragraph: Explain & Develop Ideas
Conclusion
Thesis
The thesis is the main point
that youmake in the essay
Where?
The introduction paragraph.
The Body Paragraph
• A body paragraph contains approximately 7-8 sentences and has a topic sentence.
• What is a topic sentence?
The key point that you make in the paragraph.
Basic Sentence Structure
• This is the minimum required for a simple and complete sentence with no errors.
1. Subject
2. Verb
3. Complete thought
Spacing
• Indent 5 spaces to indicate a new paragraph.
• Do not put extra spaces between paragraphs.
• Put two spaces between sentences.
Specificity
• If you are specific in your writing, your communication will be more clear and powerful.
• Use details, examples, and precise language.
Avoid
• Using the second person point of view (p.o.v.) “you.”
• These phrases: I believe…, I think…, In my opinion…, I personally…, I myself personally believe that…
• Writing like you speak
Avoid
• Words such as: thing, a lot, basically, nice, just, something, would, like
• Contractions: Use cannot (not can’t), I am (not I’m), I will (not I’ll), it is (not it’s)
• Using were, where, we’re incorrectly
Avoid
• Directly addressing the reader
Ex: You are going to learn about how(or I am going to tell you about how) after our family trip to Oregon, I realized how dysfunctional my family really is .
Correction:
After our family trip to Oregon, I realized how dysfunctional my family really is.
Avoid
• Announcing your purpose and plan
Ex: In this essay, I am going to discuss how MTV has had an enormous impact on the spending habits of young people.
.
Revised: MTV has had an enormous impact on the spending habits of young people.
Avoid
• Abbreviations, and symbols: do not use & or L.A.
• Using sentences from the prompt.
• Assuming the reader knows the prompt or your topic.
Grading Symbols
1. sp.=spelling error
2. pr.=error in using a pronoun
3. s/v=lack of agreement between the subject and the verb.
Example: The children needs affection.
Correction: The children need affection.
Grading Symbols
4. frag.=sentence fragment, a part of a sentence punctuated as a sentence.
Example: Before leaving for work this morning. I drank a pot of coffee.
Correction: Before leaving for work this morning, I drank a pot of coffee.
Grading Symbols
5. RO (run-on) or CS (comma splice)=two or more sentences incorrectly punctuated as one.
Example: The house was teeming with activity, in fact I didn’t even know all the people who were running around preparing for the party. (CS)
Correction: The house was teeming with activity. In fact, I didn’t even know all the people who were running around preparing for the party.
Example: The James Brown concert was amazing I couldn’t believe a man of his age could dance and sing with such energy. (RO)
Correction: The James Brown concert was amazing. I couldn’t believe a man of his age could dance and sing with such energy.
6. Mm= misplaced modifier. The modifier is not close enough to the word it is modifying.
Example: The phone almost
rang ten times.
Correction: The phone rang
almost ten times.
7. Dm=dangling modifier. There is no word to be modified.
Example: Driving down the road, the dog was hit by the truck. (Who is driving?)
Correction: The driver of the truck hit the dog.
8. vt=lack of verb tense consistency, unnecessarily switching from one tense to another.
9. a=error in using an apostrophe
10. c=error in using a comma
11. cap.=make it a capital letter
12. lc=make it a lower case letter
13. red.=unnecessary repetition.
14. trans= insert a transition
15. ¶ = create a new paragraph
16. ^ = insert something that I specify
17. | = separate (example: alot = a lot)
18. ‿ = bring together
19. q= error in using quotation marks
20. ww = wrong word. Look up the word in the dictionary.
21. fp = faulty parallel structure. Example:
In the mountains, we went hiking, biking and walked.
22. pass= passive voice. Example: Mistakes were made. The quarterback made mistakes.
23. mw= missing word
24. ?= After much effort and time, I cannot understand what you are trying to communicate.
Review these notes before you turn in your first essay. Look at
the grading symbols after you have
received back your first graded essay.
