Graduation Project title:Integration Design for Yabad Secondary Boys Skcool
الرحيم الرحمن الله بسمAn- Najah National University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Graduation Project
Supervised ByDr. Monther Dwikat
Prepared by:RaRami Abu Baker
Jamell Abu Baker
Shadi Ismaeel
2009/2010
Chapter one: Introduction
GeneralMaterialsLoads Codes and standardsBuilding structural system
Main topics
Chapter Three: Structural Analysis and Design GeneralSlab systems and designBeam designColumn designProperty/Stiffness Modification FactorsStructural Model VerificationDesign of SlabsDesign of BeamsDesign of ColumnsDesign of FootingsDesign of stair and shear wall
Main topics
General:
The Ya'bad's secondary boys school is composed of one block, that consists of three floors with an area of 714 m2,and the total area of site is 3395 m2 .
The ground floor includes class rooms, entrance hall, computer lab, art and crafts room and administration office.
The first floor includes class rooms, teachers room and science lab.The second floor includes class rooms.The exterior walls are masonry that is formed of concrete, blocks,
and masonry stones. The interior walls are made of blocks.
Chapter One
Introduction
Chapter One
Introduction
Materials:Structural elements:
Concrete fc` = 240 kg/cm2 Steel
fy = 4200 kg/cm2.
There are non structural materials that are used in the structure which are: Blocks. Masonry stone. Tiles. Filling under tiles.
Chapter One
Introduction
Loads:There are two main types of loads: Gravity loads:Live load:
0.3 ton/m2 (class room).0.5 ton/ m2 (corridors and stairs) 0.5 ton/ m2 (halls and labs).0.2 ton/m2 (roof).2.5 ton/m2(stair roof)
Dead load: it is consisting of own weight of the structure and any permanent
components. The super imposed dead load is 0.5 ton/m2
Chapter One
Introduction
Lateral load Seismic loads:The structure is located in Jenin area which is classified as zone 2B according
to Palestine seismic zones. The UBC97 code seismic parameters are as follows:
The seismic zone factor, Z= 0.2.The soil is very dense soil and soft rock, so the soil type is Sc.The importance factor, I= 1.0 .The ductility factor, R= 5.6.The seismic coefficient, Ca=0.24.The seismic coefficient, Cv=0.32.
Chapter One
Introduction
Codes and Standards: ACI 318-05 UBC-97 IBC 2009 ASTMBuilding Structural System:
The slabs structural system is formed of one way ribbed slabs with drop beams. The beams are supported by separate columns which are the main vertical structural elements. The building structural system is formed of perimeter and stair case shear walls which is the main lateral forces resisting structural system, in addition to the building frames of beams and columns.
Chapter One
Introduction
Chapter Three
Structural Design
•General:This chapter includes 1D & 3D modeling for the project. The
sections for slabs, beams, and columns are assumed and defined.
Structural analysis comprises of set of physical and mathematical laws required to study and predict the behavior of structures under a given set of actions. The structural analysis of the model is aimed to determine the external reactions at the supports and the internal forces like bending moments, shear forces, and normal forces for the different members. These internal member forces are used to design the cross section of three elements.
1D Analysis and Design:One way ribbed slabs :
The deflection is the most important factor that controls the slab thickness, Minimum thickness of one way ribbed slab from ACI318-08 equals (L/18.5) for one end continuous.
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Beam design:
Generally, concrete beams have a rectangular cross section since it is easy to be constructed in the field
All beams must be able to resist shear, bending moments, and torsional stresses
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Column Design:
Columns are structural elements used primarily to support axial compressive loads, that coming from slabs or beams above.
Practically columns are subjected not to axial loads but also to moment from direct loading or end rotation.
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Compatibility check:
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Check equilibrium:
The total building dead load = 2084.8 tonThe total building live load= 739.58 tonThe total building super imposed dead load = 1426.992 ton
From SAP2000: Total dead load= 2044.8 ton Total live load= 747.36 ton
Total Sup. Imp. D.L = 1461.1 ton
Error % in dead load = 2 %< 5% ok.Error % in live load = 1.0 %< 5% ok.Error % in super imposed D.L = 2.4 %< 5% ok.
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Check Internal Forces:Slabs & Beams:
In order to check the internal forces in slabs and beams the bending moment values for number of spans will be obtained from SAP2000 and compared with the value of (ωL2\8), where ( ω= 1.2D + 1.6L).
Columns:As for columns the axial force values will be compared between SAP2000 and the manual method.
- Where in any, the percentage error should not exceed 20-25 %
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Beams of Block 1
BeamDimension of beam (bXh)
(cmXcm)station
Area of steel due to moment and torsion
Moment Shearspan
Area of steel(cm²) +ve Area of steel(cm²) -ve
# of barsBottom As min As provided
# of bars Top As min As provided # of bars
B18 30X75
Left 4.825 7.128 7.128
4Φ16
5.659 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ10/10
5 Middle 5.181 7.128 7.128 4.659 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ8/15
Right 4.769 7.128 7.128 5.491 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ10/10
Left 5.346 7.128 7.128
4Φ16
5.120 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ10/10
6 Middle 5.346 7.128 7.128 5.663 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ8/15
Right 5.818 7.128 7.128 8.206 7.128 8.206 4Φ16 1Φ10/10
B19 25X60
Left 5.158 4.703 5.158
5Φ14
7.321 4.703 7.321 5Φ14 1Φ10/10
1 Middle 7.736 4.703 7.736 3.820 4.703 4.703 4Φ12 1Φ8/15
Right 4.879 4.703 4.879 7.059 4.703 7.059 5Φ14 1Φ10/10
B20 25X60
Left 4.805 4.703 4.805
5Φ14
5.327 4.703 5.327 5Φ12 1Φ10/10
1 Middle 6.943 4.703 6.943 3.433 4.703 4.703 4Φ12 1Φ8/15
Right 4.560 4.703 4.703 5.261 4.703 5.261 5Φ12 1Φ10/10
B21 30X75
Left 4.515 7.128 7.128
4Φ16
5.834 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ10/10
1 Middle 4.679 7.128 7.128 4.252 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ8/15
Right 4.544 7.128 7.128 4.659 7.128 7.128 4Φ16 1Φ10/10
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Floor ColumnsDetails
C1 C2 C3
1st floor
Section50x25 50x25 40x25
rebar percentage1.56% 1% 1%
AS19.5 12.5 10.0
# of bars10Ф16 8Ф16 8Ф14
2nd floor
Section50x25 50x25 40x25
rebar percentage1.56% 1% 1%
AS19.5 12.5 10.0
# of bars10Ф16 8Ф16 8Ф14
3rd floor
Section50x25 50x25 40x25
rebar percentage1.56% 1% 1%
AS19.5 12.5 10.0
# of bars10Ф16 8Ф16 8Ф14
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Footing:
Footings are defined as the substructure whose function is to transmit safely the concentrated column or wall reactions to the soil stratum.footings which used in this project can be classified into the following types:
1) Isolated footing: they have rectangular, square, or circular shape. This type of footing is used for small loads, and/or large soil allowable bearing capacity.
2) Wall footing: it is a continuous footing along the length of the wall.
Chapter ThreeThree Dimensional Structural Analysis and Design
IDGravity Service
(ton)
Seismic Service
(ton)
gravity area(m)
seismic area(m)
control area(m)
Dimensions(mXm)
PU
( ton)H
(cm)Reinforcement /
m
F1 90 105 3.6 3.2 3.6 1.8x2 132 50 7Φ14
F2 133 134 5.02 4.1 5.02 2.1 x 2.4 170 50 8Φ14
F3 50 46 2 1.4 2 1.4 x 1.6 60 50 7Φ14
Chapter ThreeThree Dimensional Structural Analysis and Design
Design Of Shear Walls:
Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force resisting system
Shear walls should be located on each level of the structure, to form an effective box structure, equal length shear walls are preferred to be placed symmetrically on all exterior walls of the building.
Shear walls must provide the necessary lateral strength to resist horizontal earthquake forces. When shear walls are strong enough, they will transfer these horizontal forces to the next element in the load path below them.
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Design Of Stairs:
In this section stairs was designed, started by estimating the dead load and live load for this stairs, then performed and analyzed as simple model by SAP2000 program and took the deflection, shear and moment on it.
Thickness of slab:One end continuous
t =L/24use 20 cm thickness
Chapter Three
Structural Design
Section A-A reinforcement
Thanks for listening
