Grain Oil and Grain Oil and Specialty Field-Crop Specialty Field-Crop ProductionProduction

Field CropsField Crops

450 million acres in 450 million acres in the U.S. (20% of U.S. the U.S. (20% of U.S. land)land)

Types of Field CropsTypes of Field Crops

GrainGrainOilseedOilseedSpecialty CropsSpecialty CropsSeed CropsSeed Crops

GRAIN CROPS (7 major grain GRAIN CROPS (7 major grain crops in the U.S.)crops in the U.S.)

CORN MOST IMPORTANT!!!!!CORN MOST IMPORTANT!!!!! Wheat *most important in the world) Wheat *most important in the world) BarleyBarley OatsOats RyeRye Rice Rice SorghamSorgham

CornCorn

40% of corn in the U.S. in grown in the 40% of corn in the U.S. in grown in the Corn Belt (midwestern U.S.)Corn Belt (midwestern U.S.) IowaIowa IllinoisIllinois NebraskaNebraska MinnesotaMinnesota IndianaIndiana OhioOhio

Corn (cont’d)Corn (cont’d)

Originated in Central AmericaOriginated in Central America Less than 10 % is used for human Less than 10 % is used for human

consumption.consumption. The rest is for feeding livestock, fuel, alcohol The rest is for feeding livestock, fuel, alcohol

productionproduction Major classifications of corn include, sweet Major classifications of corn include, sweet

corn, flour (or soft) corn, flint corn, and dent corn, flour (or soft) corn, flint corn, and dent corn. Most of U.S. corn is Dent Corn. corn. Most of U.S. corn is Dent Corn.

WheatWheat

Most Important crop in Most Important crop in the worldthe world

Second most abundant Second most abundant in the U.S.in the U.S.

Mostly grown for human Mostly grown for human consumptionconsumption

States that produceStates that produce KansasKansas OklahomaOklahoma TexasTexas MontanaMontana

BarleyBarley

Used mostly for Used mostly for livestock feedlivestock feed

Also used for Also used for malting( production malting( production of beer and other of beer and other alcoholic beverages)alcoholic beverages)

OatsOats

Feeding LivestockFeeding Livestock 5% used for human 5% used for human

consumptionconsumption Important in plasitics, Important in plasitics,

pesticides, pesticides, preservatives.preservatives.

RyeRye Grown in almost Every Grown in almost Every

StateState Least Economically Least Economically

importantimportant Used as a Used as a

forage cropforage crop (animal feed) (animal feed) COVER CROP. To COVER CROP. To

prevent erosion.prevent erosion. Green Manure Crop:Green Manure Crop:

plowed into the soil to give plowed into the soil to give nutrients back. nutrients back.

RiceRice

Most important grain Most important grain crop for human crop for human consumption in the consumption in the world.world.

Most grown in this Most grown in this country in for human country in for human consumptionconsumption

It is the only crop that It is the only crop that can be grown in can be grown in standing waterstanding water

SorghumSorghum

Mostly used for Mostly used for livestock feedlivestock feed

Used for sugars and Used for sugars and syrups.syrups.

Also used to make Also used to make brooms. brooms.

Oil Seed CropsOil Seed Crops

Crops that are grown for the Crops that are grown for the production of oil from their production of oil from their seeds.seeds. SoybeansSoybeans PeanutsPeanuts CornCorn CottonseedCottonseed CanolaCanola

SafflowerSafflower FlaxFlax SunflowerSunflower

SOYBEANSSOYBEANS

Soybean is an important Soybean is an important legumelegume (has (has nitrogen from the soil)nitrogen from the soil)

OilOil Grain. After oil is extracted from the Grain. After oil is extracted from the

soybean, soybean, soybean mealsoybean meal is left over. This is left over. This is important source of protein for animal is important source of protein for animal feed. feed.

PeanutsPeanuts

The peanut is a pea rather than a nut.The peanut is a pea rather than a nut.