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Grammar book 2007

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Page 1: Grammar book 2007
Page 2: Grammar book 2007

Table of Contents Ser- Doctor Ped Que vs. Cual Estar- Helping Gustar Transitions Imperfect Triggers Acabar de + inf Hacer Expressions Verbos Gustar Reflexives

Tú commands Affirmative Negative Irregulars

DOP placement Preterite

Page 3: Grammar book 2007

Que vs. CualQue Cual

•Used when asking for definitions •Usually used before “es” and other Ser forms when not seeking a definition

•Used mostly before nouns

•Singular and plural form and the same

Page 4: Grammar book 2007

Ser DESCRIPTIONS

Que es?

ORIGIN

De donde eres? Soy de ______.

CHARACTERISTICS

Como es?

TIMEQue hora es?

OCCUPATION

Que hace?

RELATIONSHIPSQuien es?

POSSESIONSDe quien es?

EVENTSCuando/donde es?

DATESQue dia es hoy?

-Soy-Eres-Es-Son-Somos-Sois

Page 5: Grammar book 2007

Estar- HELPING Health

Como estas? Bien, mal, regular, enfermo, enferma

Emotions Como estas?

Enojado, triste, cansado, emocionado

Location Donde estas?

En: la casa, la oficina, la escuela

Present Condition Como esta?

Abierto, cerrado, verde, maduro

ING Que estas haciendo?

Jugando, estudiano, cantando, leyendo

Page 6: Grammar book 2007

Gustar Me gusta- it pleases me

Te gusta- it pleases you

Le gusta- it pleases him/her/you

Nos gusta- it pleases us

Os gusta- it pleases y’all

Les gusta- it pleases them/you

Page 7: Grammar book 2007

Transition Words Tambien- also

Primero- first

Segundo- second

Finally- finalmente

Lastly- por último

Page 8: Grammar book 2007

Imperfect

Ir•Iba•Ibas•Iba•Íbamos•Ibais•Iban

Ser•Era•Eras•Era•Éramos•Erais•Eran

Ver•Veía•Veías•Veía•Veíamos•Veíais•Veían

Page 9: Grammar book 2007

Triggers Todos los días- everyday A menudo- often A veces- sometimes Siempre- always Cada día- daily Los lunes- Mondays Generalmente- generally Mientras- as De vez en cuando- occacionally Muchas veces- often Frecuentemente- Frequentley

Page 10: Grammar book 2007

Acabar+ De+ infinitive Acabo de

Acabas de

Acaba de

Acabamos de

Acaban de

- Ex. Acabo de comer unas hamburguesas y me duele esestómago.

Page 11: Grammar book 2007

Hacer Expressions Hace + time + que + conjugated verb

How much time you have been doing something. Ex. Hace trienta y cinco minutos que Paula espera el autobús.

Hay + que + infinitive What needs to be done or what must be

Ex. Hay que estudiar para sacar buenos notas.

Se prohibe + infinitive Se permite + infinitive

Ex. Se prohibe fumar.

Ir + a + infinitive What someone is going to do Conjugate Ir and leave what they are going to do in infinitive form

Page 12: Grammar book 2007

Verbos Como Gustan -Fascinar

To be fascinating to

-Faltar To be missing

-Encantar To “love” something

-Importar To be important to

-Interesar To be interesting to

-Doler To hurt

Page 13: Grammar book 2007

Reflexivos Reflexive verbs indicate that the subject of the

sentence has performed an action on itself.

When looking them up in the dictionary, they will always end in “arse”, “irse”, or “erse.”

Reflexive Pronoun Conjugation

Me Me peino.

Te Te peinas.

Se Se peina.

Nos Nos peinamos.

Os Os peináis

Se Se peinen.

Page 14: Grammar book 2007

Tú Commands Affirmative: Do ____.

Drop the “s”

Habla- Speak!

Negative: Do not ____.

Change to first person (como)

Add an “e” if an –ar verb and

add an “a” if it is an –ir/er verb.

Don’t eat it = No lo comas.

It= lo

Irregular:

Affirmative

Di

Haz

Ve

Pon

Sal

Ten

Ven

Negative

No digas

No hagas

No vayas

No pongas

No salgas

No seas

No tengas

No vengas

Page 15: Grammar book 2007

DOP Placement There are 3 ways to attach DOPs at the end.

Infinitives

Voy a comerlo or I am going to eat it.

Affirmative Commands

Cómelo of Eat it.

You accent the third to last syllable so that the pronunciation stays the same. This is why the o has an accent mark.

Present Progressive

Estoy comiéndolo or I will eat it.

Me, te, lo, la, nos, os, los, las

Me

Te

Lo

La

Nos

Os

Los

Las

Page 16: Grammar book 2007

Pretérito Past tense.

“Snapshot in time.”

Beginning and/or ending.

Completed action.

AR ER/IR

-é -í

-aste -iste

-ó -ió

-amos -imos

-aron -ieron


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